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Carboxylates generation from banana (peel and pulp), coffee, and cacao fermentation agro-waste, upon uncontrolled and controlled pHs of 6.6 (heat-driven methanogens inactivation) and 5.2 (pH inactivation), was studied. Regarding volatile fatty acids (VFAs), acetic was the highest for cocoa (96.2 g kg-1TVS) at pH 4.5. However, butyric was relevant for banana pulp (90.7 g kg-1TVS), at controlled pH 6.6. The highest medium chain fatty acid (MCFAs) level was hexanoic (cocoa, 3.5 g kg-1TVS), while octanoic reached a maximum of 2.8 g kg-1TVS for coffee at pH 6.6. At pH 5.2 MCFAs yield was relatively low. Uncontrolled pH conditions, using banana resulted in superior VFAs production compared to controlled conditions. Thus, pH became a determining variable when deciding the time and kind of carboxylic acid to be recovered. The bacterial community at the end of the chain elongation process was dominated by phyla Firmicutes, and Clostridium as the most common genera.
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Ácidos Graxos Voláteis , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Equador , Ácidos Carboxílicos , Agricultura , Musa , Fermentação , Café/química , CacauRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders are an important cause of work absence. Clinical practice guidelines recommend nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for grade I-II cervical sprains. The combination of thiamine + pyridoxine + cyanocobalamin vitamins has been used, alone and in combination with NSAIDs, for pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the analgesic synergy of dexketoprofen, and the combination of vitamins thiamine + pyridoxine + cyanocobalamin in a fixed-dose combination (FDC) for the treatment of acute pain caused by grade I-II cervical sprains. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre, prospective, randomized, double-blind, phase IIIb clinical study comparing two treatment groups: (1) dexketoprofen 25 mg/vitamin B (thiamine 100 mg, pyridoxine 50 mg and cyanocobalamin 0.50 mg) in an FDC (two or more active ingredients combined in a single dosage form) versus (2) dexketoprofen 25 mg monotherapy (single drug to treat a particular disease), one capsule or tablet orally, every 8 h for 7 days. Final mean, average change, and percentage change in pain perception (measured using a visual analogue scale [VAS]) were compared with baseline between groups. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Analyses were conducted using SPSS software, v.29.0. RESULTS: A statistically significant reduction in pain intensity was observed from the third day of treatment with the FDC compared with monotherapy (- 3.1 ± - 1.5 and - 2.6 ± - 1.1 cm, respectively) measured using the VAS (p = 0.011). Regarding the degree of disability, using the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ), statistical difference was observed for the final measurement (7.5%, interquartile range [IQR] 2.5, 10.5; vs. 7.9%, IQR 5.0, 13.8; p = 0.028). A lower proportion of adverse events was reported when using the FDC. CONCLUSIONS: The FDC of dexketoprofen/thiamine + pyridoxine + cyanocobalamin vitamins demonstrated superior efficacy and a better safety profile compared with dexketoprofen monotherapy for pain treatment in patients with grade I-II cervical sprains. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: NCT05001555, registered 29 July 2021 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05001555 ).
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Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides , Combinação de Medicamentos , Cetoprofeno , Piridoxina , Tiamina , Trometamina , Vitamina B 12 , Humanos , Método Duplo-Cego , Tiamina/administração & dosagem , Tiamina/análogos & derivados , Tiamina/uso terapêutico , Cetoprofeno/administração & dosagem , Cetoprofeno/análogos & derivados , Feminino , Adulto , Piridoxina/administração & dosagem , Piridoxina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/administração & dosagem , Vitamina B 12/análogos & derivados , Vitamina B 12/administração & dosagem , Vitamina B 12/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Trometamina/administração & dosagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Complexo Vitamínico B/administração & dosagem , Complexo Vitamínico B/uso terapêutico , Medição da Dor/métodos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Pain is the most frequent symptom of disease. In treating pain, a lower incidence of adverse effects is found for paracetamol versus other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Nevertheless, paracetamol can trigger side effects when taken regularly. Combined therapy is a common way of lowering the dose of a drug and thus of reducing adverse reactions. Since ß-caryophyllene oxide (a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene) is known to produce an analgesic effect, this study aimed to determine the anti-nociceptive and gastroprotective activity of administering the combination of paracetamol plus ß-caryophyllene oxide to CD1 mice. Anti-nociception was evaluated with the formalin model and gastroprotection with the model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. According to the isobolographic analysis, the anti-nociceptive interaction of paracetamol and ß-caryophyllene oxide was synergistic. Various pain-related pathways were explored for their possible participation in the mechanism of action of the anti-nociceptive effect of ß-caryophyllene oxide, finding that NO, opioid receptors, serotonin receptors, and K+ATP channels are not involved. The combined treatment showed gastroprotective activity against ethanol-induced gastric damage. Hence, the synergistic anti-nociceptive effect of combining paracetamol with ß-caryophyllene oxide could be advantageous for the management of inflammatory pain, and the gastroprotective activity should help to protect against the adverse effects of chronic use.
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Pregnancy-associated atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (P-aHUS) is a rare disease. There are only few reports in the literature, and most are in the puerperium period. It is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized for microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and renal dysfunction. We report the case of a pregnant patient at 26.3 gestation weeks, who developed clinical features of TMA, neurological alterations, and septic shock; then after fetus and placental delivery, no clinical improvement was observed; a diagnostic protocol was performed due to suspicion of P-aHUS, showing improvement after the plasma exchange sessions and eculizumab. We present here a brief review of the case since it is an entity that needs to be suspected during pregnancy when TMA features and requires an immediate diagnosis to provide timely treatment.
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Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica Atípica , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica Atípica/terapia , Síndrome Hemolítico-Urêmica Atípica/diagnóstico , Adulto , Troca Plasmática , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/uso terapêutico , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/terapia , Complicações Hematológicas na Gravidez/diagnósticoRESUMO
Canine filariosis is caused by filiform nematodes and affects several species of animals as well as humans. The disease produces a wide range of symptoms that can often be confused with other diseases, which increases the complexity of its diagnosis. The search for methodologies to facilitate its diagnosis is a challenge, and specific and differential identification of the parasite species causing the disease holds key to a successful diagnosis. In Colombia, there is a problem of underdiagnosis of filariosis in microfilaremic dogs infected by Dirofilaria immitis and Acanthocheilonema reconditum, and of microfilaremias not related to heartworm disease. The highest prevalences have been reported for D. immitis infections, although new cases of A. reconditum infections are beginning to appear. The aim of this study was to differentiate the microfilariae infections caused by D. immitis and A. reconditum by a morphological and molecular characterization of microfilariae so as to facilitate an accurate diagnosis of canine filariosis in the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga (Colombia). For this purpose, 400 blood samples with anticoagulants were collected from the dogs and analyzed with the help of a commercial immunochromatography kit for the detection of D. immitis circulating antigen. The Woo, Knott, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques were employed for determining the parasite count, morphological observation, and molecular identification of microfilariae present in the dogs respectively. The prevalence of microfilaremic dogs in Bucaramanga metropolitan area was 18.75% (75/400). The prevalence of dogs that tested positive for D. immitis in the antigen and in PCR tests was 1.25% (5/400) and 1% (4/400), respectively. Furthermore, the PCR test revealed that 17.75% of the microfilaremic dogs tested positive for A. reconditum (71/400) (first report in the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga), with one animal co-infected by both species, and 0% for D. repens (0/400). However, by morphological characterization, 4% of the microfilariae (3/75) corresponded to D. immitis, 20% (15/75) to D. repens, and 76% (57/75) to A. reconditum. The use of molecular diagnostic methods such as PCR aids in the specific identification of the parasite, thus making it a more accurate method than the morphological characterization of microfilariae. The identification of the parasites by PCR helps improve the veterinary diagnosis of canine filariosis in Colombia, which would lead to the establishment of an appropriate treatment protocol for each species of filaria and also to the generation of reliable data to be used at the clinical and epidemiological levels.
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RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el riesgo de complicaciones maternas en el embarazo adolescente en Latinoamérica y El Caribe durante el periodo 2012 al 2021. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en 6 bases de datos: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web Of Science, EMBase, LILACS y Scielo. Los artículos incluidos fueron procedentes de paises de Latinoamérica y contaron con cualquiera de las siguientes variables: preeclampsia, eclampsia, hemorragia puerperal y sepsis puerperal publicados desde el 2012 al 2021 y que compararan adolescentes y adultas embarazadas. Se excluyeron artículos que no presentaron hallazgos separados de Latinoamérica y/o El Caribe, que no se encontraban disponibles la versión completa y que estaban enfocados en pacientes con alguna enfermedad en específico. Para el riesgo de sesgo se empleó la Escala de Newcasttle-Ottawa para estudios de casos y controles. La medida de resumen empleada fue el Odds Ratio con un intervalo de confianza al 95% para cada estudio. Resultados: Se incluyeron 4 estudios. No se evidenció el riesgo de preeclampsia en adolescentes embarazadas (OR = 0.93, IC 95% 0.69 - 1.25) ni hemorragia puerperal (OR = 0.86, IC 95% 0.74 - 0.99). Por otro lado, se mostró el riesgo de eclampsia (OR = 2.43, IC 95% 1.29 - 4.58) en adolescentes embarazadas, pero con alta heterogeneidad entre los estudios (I2 = 76%). Conclusiones: Se evidenció un riesgo de eclampsia en adolescentes embarazadas, pero no en preeclampsia ni hemorragia puerperal; sin embargo, estos resultados deben de tomarse con cautela. Registro de protocolo: CRD42021286725 (PROSPERO)
ABSTRACT Objective: To assess whether maternal complications are a risk in adolescent pregnancy in Latin America and the Caribbean during the period 2012 to 2021. Methods: A systematic search was carried out in 6 databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, EMBase, LILACS and Scielo. The articles included were from Latin American countries and had any of the following variables: preeclampsia, eclampsia, puerperal hemorrhage and puerperal sepsis published from 2012 to 2021 and comparing pregnant adolescents and adults. Articles that did not present separate findings from Latin America and/or the Caribbean, that the full version was not available, and that were focused on patients with a specific disease were excluded. For risk of bias, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale Case-Control Studies was used. The summary measure used was the Odds Ratio with a 95% confidence interval for each study. Results: 4 studies were included. The risk of preeclampsia in pregnant adolescents and postpartum hemorrhage (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.74 - 0.99) were not evidenced (OR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.69 - 1.25). On the other hand, the risk of eclampsia (OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.29 - 4.58) in pregnant adolescents was shown, but with high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 76%). Conclusions: A risk of eclampsia was evidenced in pregnant adolescents, but not in preeclampsia nor postpartum hemorrhage. However, these results should be taken with caution. Protocol record: CRD42021286725 (PROSPERO)
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the pelvic lymph node involvement and risk of recurrence in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated endocervical adenocarcinoma stage IA2-IB1 undergoing hysterectomy and/or trachelectomy plus lymphadenectomy, according to Silva's classification system. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed in two Colombian cancer centers. The cases were classified according to the Silva classification system. Clinical, surgical, and histopathological variables were evaluated. Recurrence risk was analyzed by patterns A, B, or C. A logistic regression model was performed for tumor recurrence. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS). A weighted kappa was performed to determine the degree of concordance between pathologists. RESULTS: A total of 100 patients were identified, 33% pattern A, 29% pattern B, and 38% pattern C. The median follow-up time was 42.5 months. No evidence of lymph node involvement was found in patients classified as A and B, while in the C pattern was observed in 15.8% (n = 6) of cases (P < 0.01). There were 7% of cases with recurrent disease, of which 71.5% corresponded to type C pattern. Patients with Silva pattern B and C had 1.22- and 4.46-fold increased risk of relapse, respectively, compared with pattern A. The 5-year DFS values by group were 100%, 96.1%, and 80.3% for patterns A, B, and C, respectively. CONCLUSION: For patients with early-stage HPV-associated endocervical adenocarcinoma, the type C pattern presented more lymph node involvement and risk of recurrence compared to the A and B patterns. The concordance in diagnosis of different Silva's patterns by independents pathologists were good.
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Adenocarcinoma , Excisão de Linfonodo , Metástase Linfática , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Infecções por Papillomavirus , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/virologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Infecções por Papillomavirus/complicações , Histerectomia , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfonodos/virologia , Idoso , Pelve , Intervalo Livre de Doença , TraquelectomiaRESUMO
Tithonia diversifolia is a perennial bushy plant found in South America with significant ethnopharmacological importance as an antimalarial, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and anticancer agent. The aim of the present study was to determine the cytotoxicity of the ethanolic extract from leaves of T. diversifolia (TdE) on human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, SNB-19, NCIH-460 and MCF-7), as well as the mechanism of action involved in cell death and cellular modulation of oxidative stress. The TdE exhibited significant activity with IC50 values ranging from 7.12 to 38.41 µg/ml, with HCT-116 being the most sensitive cell line. Subsequent experiments were conducted with HCT-116 cell line. TdE decreased the number of viable cells, followed by induction of apoptotic events, increase in mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, and enhanced G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Pro-oxidative effects including elevated acidic vesicular organelle formation, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide by-products, as well as reduced levels of intracellular glutathione and reactive oxygen species production were also observed following incubation with TdE, which may lead to DNA damage followed by apoptotic cell death. These results demonstrate the potential of TdE ethanolic leaf extraction for biological activity and enhance the importance of continuing to study natural sources of plants for the development of anticancer agents.
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Antineoplásicos , Tithonia , Humanos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Células HCT116 , Estresse Oxidativo , Apoptose , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Etanol , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Folhas de PlantaRESUMO
Objective: Establish the disease burden of malignant mesothelioma (MM) in Colombia between 2015 and 2020, and its association with the subnational sociodemographic development index (SDI) and with asbestos sites. Methods: Mixed ecological study of the Colombian population diagnosed with MM (according to ICD-10) from 2015 to 2020. The global burden of disease (GBD) was estimated using the methodology proposed by Murray and Lopez, based on prevalence and mortality data obtained from official sources. The subnational (departmental level) SDI was estimated as a measure of socioeconomic development. Linear regressions were established with the GBD, SDI, and documented asbestos sites. Results: The estimated GBD of MM in Colombia during 2015-2020 was 51.71 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 1 000 000 inhabitants (15 375.79 total DALYs), with predominance in people over 50 years of age (91.1%) and males (66.4%).Bogotá and Valle del Cauca were the departments with the highest number of adjusted DALYs. Bogotá had the highest SDI and Guainía and Cesar had the lowest. There was evidence of an association between DALYs and SDI, explaining 22.8% of DALYs. Conclusion: Malignant mesothelioma is the cause of a large number of DALYs, predominantly in the departments with greater socioeconomic development and with companies that used to use asbestos. However, possible underdiagnosis of MM limits analysis of the information.
Objetivo: Estabelecer o ônus da doença por mesotelioma maligno (MM) na Colômbia entre 2015 e 2020 e sua associação ao índice sociodemográfico subnacional (ISS) e locais de amianto. Métodos: Estudo ecológico misto na população colombiana diagnosticada com MM, de acordo com a CID-10 durante 2015 a 2020. A carga global da doença (CGD) foi estimada usando a metodologia proposta por Murray e López com base na prevalência e na mortalidade obtidas de fontes oficiais. O SDI subnacional (nível departamental) foi estimado como uma medida de desenvolvimento socioeconômico e foram estabelecidas regressões lineares com CGD, SDI e localizações documentadas de amianto. Resultados: A estimativa de CGD por MM na Colômbia entre 2015-2020 foi de 51,71 anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade (AVAI) por 1 000 000 de habitantes (15 375,79 AVAI totais), com predominância em pessoas com mais de 50 anos (91,1%) e do sexo masculino (66,4%).Com relação aos departamentos, Bogotá e Valle del Cauca tiveram o maior número de AVAI ajustados, enquanto Bogotá teve o maior SDI, e Guainía e Cesar, o menor. Houve uma associação entre os AVAI e o SDI, sendo que o SDI foi responsável por 22,8% dos AVAI. Conclusões: O MM é a causa de um grande número de AVAI, predominantemente em departamentos com maior desenvolvimento socioeconômico e com a presença de empresas que usavam amianto; no entanto, o possível subdiagnóstico do MM limita a análise das informações.
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[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Establecer la carga de enfermedad por mesotelioma maligno (MM) en Colombia entre 2015 y 2020 y su asociación con el índice sociodemográfico (SDI) subnacional y las localizaciones de asbesto. Métodos. Estudio ecológico mixto en la población colombiana con diagnóstico de MM según la CIE-10 durante 2015 a 2020. La carga global de enfermedad (GBD, por su sigla en inglés) se estimó por medio de la metodología propuesta de Murray y López a partir de la prevalencia y mortalidad obtenida de fuentes ofi- ciales. Se estimó el SDI (por su sigla en inglés) subnacional (nivel departamental) como medida de desarrollo socioeconómico y se establecieron regresiones lineales con la GBD, el SDI y las localizaciones documentadas de asbesto. Resultados. La GBD estimada por MM en Colombia durante 2015-2020 fue de 51,71 años de vida ajustados por discapacidad (AVAD) por cada 1 000 000 de habitantes (15 375,79 AVAD totales), con predominio en personas mayores de 50 años (91,1%) y de sexo masculino (66,4%). A nivel departamental, Bogotá y Valle del Cauca presentaron la mayor cantidad de AVAD ajustados; mientras que Bogotá tuvo el SDI más alto, y Guainía y Cesar el más bajo. Se evidenció una asociación entre los AVAD y el SDI, donde este último explicó 22,8% de los casos de AVAD. Conclusión. El MM es causa de una gran cantidad de AVAD, con predominio en los departamentos con mayor desarrollo socioeconómico, y con presencia de empresas que solían utilizar asbesto; no obstante, el posible subdiagnóstico de MM limita el análisis de la información.
[ABSTRACT]. Objective. Establish the disease burden of malignant mesothelioma (MM) in Colombia between 2015 and 2020, and its association with the subnational sociodemographic development index (SDI) and with asbestos sites. Methods. Mixed ecological study of the Colombian population diagnosed with MM (according to ICD-10) from 2015 to 2020. The global burden of disease (GBD) was estimated using the methodology proposed by Murray and Lopez, based on prevalence and mortality data obtained from official sources. The subnational (departmental level) SDI was estimated as a measure of socioeconomic development. Linear regressions were established with the GBD, SDI, and documented asbestos sites. Results. The estimated GBD of MM in Colombia during 2015–2020 was 51.71 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per 1 000 000 inhabitants (15 375.79 total DALYs), with predominance in people over 50 years of age (91.1%) and males (66.4%). Bogotá and Valle del Cauca were the departments with the highest number of adjusted DALYs. Bogotá had the highest SDI and Guainía and Cesar had the lowest. There was evidence of an association between DALYs and SDI, explaining 22.8% of DALYs. Conclusion. Malignant mesothelioma is the cause of a large number of DALYs, predominantly in the depart- ments with greater socioeconomic development and with companies that used to use asbestos. However, possible underdiagnosis of MM limits analysis of the information.
[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Estabelecer o ônus da doença por mesotelioma maligno (MM) na Colômbia entre 2015 e 2020 e sua associação ao índice sociodemográfico subnacional (ISS) e locais de amianto. Métodos. Estudo ecológico misto na população colombiana diagnosticada com MM, de acordo com a CID- 10 durante 2015 a 2020. A carga global da doença (CGD) foi estimada usando a metodologia proposta por Murray e López com base na prevalência e na mortalidade obtidas de fontes oficiais. O SDI subnacional (nível departamental) foi estimado como uma medida de desenvolvimento socioeconômico e foram estabelecidas regressões lineares com CGD, SDI e localizações documentadas de amianto. Resultados. A estimativa de CGD por MM na Colômbia entre 2015-2020 foi de 51,71 anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade (AVAI) por 1 000 000 de habitantes (15 375,79 AVAI totais), com predominância em pessoas com mais de 50 anos (91,1%) e do sexo masculino (66,4%). Com relação aos departamentos, Bogotá e Valle del Cauca tiveram o maior número de AVAI ajustados, enquanto Bogotá teve o maior SDI, e Guainía e Cesar, o menor. Houve uma associação entre os AVAI e o SDI, sendo que o SDI foi responsável por 22,8% dos AVAI. Conclusões. O MM é a causa de um grande número de AVAI, predominantemente em departamentos com maior desenvolvimento socioeconômico e com a presença de empresas que usavam amianto; no entanto, o possível subdiagnóstico do MM limita a análise das informações.
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Mesotelioma , Carga Global da Doença , Indústria do Amianto , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde , Colômbia , Mesotelioma , Carga Global da Doença , Amianto , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde , Carga Global da Doença , Amianto , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Determinantes Sociais da Saúde , ColômbiaRESUMO
El síndrome de Guillain Barré es una enfermedad derivada del compromiso en las neuronas del sistema nervioso periférico por una respuesta descontrolada del sistema inmune que conduce daño axonal y/o desmielinización. El objetivo de este reporte fue describir los 10 primeros casos sospechosos de Síndrome de Guillain Barré en Piura. Se logró identificar la presencia de Campylobacter jejuni en las muestras de heces del 80% de los pacientes reportados. Es muy importante reconocer rápida y oportunamente al paciente con diagnóstico sospechoso de Guillain Barré, y realizar los estudios necesarios en un brote para identificar los agentes desencadenantes del cuadro.
Guillain Barré syndrome is a disease derived from compromise in neurons of the peripheral nervous system by an uncontrolled response from the immune system that leads to axonal damage and/or demyelination. The objective of this report was to describe the first 10 suspected cases of Guillain Barre Syndrome in Piura. It was possible to identify the presence of Campylobacter jejuni in the stool samples of 80% of the reported patients. It is very important to quickly and opportunely recognize the patient with a suspected diagnosis of Guillain Barré, and to carry out the necessary studies in an outbreak to identify the triggering agents of the condition.
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Introducción: La hipertrofia del esfínter pilórico (EHP) es una condición que se caracteriza por la obstrucción del vaciamiento gástrico fisiológico y se considera una patología de resolución quirúrgica. Objetivo: Realizar la caracterización de los pacientes con hipertrofia congenita del píloro atendidos en el Hospital Regional de la Orinoquía entre 2010 y 2020. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo en el cual se incluyeron los pacientes que consultaron al Hospital Regional de la Orinoquía entre el 01 de enero del 2010 y el 31 de diciembre del 2020 y que presentaron diagnóstico de hipertrofia congenita del píloro, identificados mediante los códigos CIE 10. Resultados: En total, se incluyeron 18 pacientes que cumplían con los criterios de selección. El promedio de edad de los participantes fue de 24,3 días de edad. La mayoría eran varones, asimismo, dos pacientes presentaban sobrepeso al nacer. El síntoma predominante fue la emesis posprandial en un 100 %. El diagnóstico se realizó mediante las medidas del píloro con ecografía abdominal y a la totalidad de los pacientes se les realizó piloromiotomía, de los cuales uno solo requirió una reintervención, sin embargo, ningún paciente falleció. Conclusiones: La hipertrofia congenita del píloro es una entidad patológica poco común, su síntoma clínico cardinal es la emesis postprandial. El método diagnóstico por excelencia es el estudio ecográfico. A pesar de su complejidad, esta entidad patológica tiene un buen pronóstico a corto y largo plazo.
Introduction: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is a condition that is characterized by the obstruction of physiological gastric emptying and is considered a surgically-resolved pathology. Objective: To characterize patients with congenital hypertrophy of the pylorus treated at the Regional Hospital of Orinoquía between 2010 and 2020. Methods: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study of patients who were admitted at the Orinoquía Regional Hospital between January of 2010 and December of 2020. The patients that were included had a diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis identified by the ICD-10 codes. Results: A total of patients were included by selection criteria. The average age of participants was 24.3 days old. Most of them were males and 2 patients were overweight at birth. The most common symptom was postprandial emesis in 100%. The diagnosis was made through measurements of pylorus measured with abdominal ultrasound. All the patients performed pyloromyotomy, and only one required a surgical reintervention, however, the mortality was 0. Conclusions: Congenital hypertrophy of pylorus is an uncommon pathology, whose cardinal symptom is postprandial emesis. The ideal diagnostic method is an ultrasound study. Despite its complexity, this pathology has a good short and long-term prognosis.
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RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se describe la percepción del estudiante y del docente sobre el proceso de introducción de la tecnología CAD-CAM en la educación dental. Se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo; para el recojo de datos se utilizó dos cuestionarios validados por juicio de expertos y se aplicaron estadísticas descriptivas. Se obtuvo que el 57,9 % de los estudiantes y el 37,5 % de los docentes consideraron que la enseñanza de la tecnología CAD-CAM debería empezar en el tercer año de estudios; las capacitaciones fueron de utilidad tanto para estudiantes como para docentes; y esta tecnología sería un procedimiento de elección para el tratamiento con prótesis fija si lo tuvieran disponible. Se concluye que los estudiantes y los docentes tienen una percepción positiva sobre la introducción de la tecnología CAD-CAM en los cursos clínicos de la carrera de Odontología y sería un recurso de elección para el tratamiento con prótesis fija.
ABSTRACT This paper describes the student and teacher's perceptions of the process of introducing CAD-CAM technology in dental education. A cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out; two questionnaires validated by expert judgment were used for data collection, and descriptive statistics were applied. It was obtained that 57.9 % of the students and 37.5 % of the teachers considered that the teaching of CAD-CAM technology should begin in the third year of studies; the training was helpful for both students and teachers, and this technology would be a procedure of choice for treatment with fixed prosthesis if they had it available. It is concluded that students and teachers positively perceive the introduction of CAD-CAM technology in the clinical courses of the dental career, and it would be a resource of choice for fixed prosthesis treatment.
RESUMO Este artigo descreve as percepções dos estudantes e dos professores sobre o processo de introdução da tecnologia CAD-CAM no ensino da medicina dentária. Foi efetuado um estudo transversal e descritivo; para a recolha de dados foram utilizados dois questionários validados por avaliação de peritos e foi aplicada estatística descritiva. Verificou-se que 57,9% dos estudantes e 37,5% dos professores consideravam que o ensino da tecnologia CAD-CAM deveria começar no terceiro ano de estudos; as formações foram úteis tanto para os estudantes como para os professores; e esta tecnologia seria um procedimento de eleição para o tratamento protético fixo, se disponível. Conclui-se que os estudantes e professores têm uma percepção positiva sobre a introdução da tecnologia CAD-CAM nos cursos clínicos de medicina dentária e que esta seria um recurso de eleição para o tratamento protético fixo.
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In the present research, the presence of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) on the surface of the San Jose Dam located in the city of San Luis Potosi, S.L.P, Mexico, was monitored and mapped. The monitoring was conducted for 2 years (2018-2020) with remote sensing data from OLI Landsat 8 sensors, based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The results demonstrated the capability and accuracy of this method, where it was observed that the aboveground cover area, proliferation, and distribution of water hyacinth are influenced by climatic and anthropogenic factors during the four seasons of the year. As part of a sustainable environmental control of this invasive species, the use of water hyacinth (WH) root (RO), stem (ST), and leaf (LE) components as adsorbent material for Pb(II) present in aqueous solution was proposed. The maximum adsorption capacity was observed at pH 5 and 25 °C and was 107.3, 136.8, and 120.8 mg g-1 for RO, ST, and LE, respectively. The physicochemical characterization of WH consisted of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N2 physisorption, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), charge distribution, and zero charge point (pHPZC). Due to the chemical nature of WH, several Pb(II) adsorption mechanisms were proposed such as electrostatic attractions, ion exchange, microprecipitation, and π-cation.
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La hemocromatosis es una enfermedad caracterizada por el excesivo depósito de hierro en múltiples órganos, entre ellos hígado, páncreas, piel y corazón. La infiltración de este último es un importante factor en morbilidad y mortalidad. Presentamos un caso de un paciente pediátrico con insuficiencia cardíaca terminal que ameritó trasplante cardíaco, que resultó sin complicaciones. Posterior a la cirugía, mostró mejoría bioquímica y clínica, lo que influyó positivamente en su calidad de vida y prolongó su supervivencia.
Hemochromatosis is a disease characterized by excess iron stores in multiple organs, including the liver, pancreas, skin, and heart. The infiltration of the heart is an important factor in morbidity and mortality. Here we describe the case of a pediatric patient with end-stage heart failure who required a heart transplantation, with no complications. After the surgery, she showed biochemical and clinical improvement, with a positive impact on her quality of life and a prolonged survival.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Transplante de Coração , Sobrecarga de Ferro/complicações , Hemocromatose/complicações , Hemocromatose/diagnóstico , Qualidade de Vida , FígadoRESUMO
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted viral diseases. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with the purpose of clinically and epidemiologically characterizing anal HPV infection in patients who attended the Benign Orificial Pathology Consultation of the Coloproctological Unit at the Dr. "Antonio María Pineda" Central University Hospital, during the period March 2022 -February 2023, by selecting 288 patients whose average age was 47.09 ± 14.61 years, being the 41-50 years old group (29.17%) and the 51-60 years old group (19.44%) the most affected groups by pathologies of the anal region, with a predominance of male (54.17%). The sociodemographic characteristics with the highest frequency included married (48.61%) and single (47.22%); secondary level of education (44.44%) and traders (18.05%) and housewives (15, 28%) as predominant occupations. The risk factors were represented by onset of sexual intercourse between 16-20 years of age (65.28%), heterosexuality (91.67%), 22.22% reported having anal sex and 5.56% oral sex. Likewise, 5.56% were reported with a history of genital HPV and 4.17% were HIV positive. In addition, 48.61% stated not to use condoms. The initial clinical diagnosis included hemorrhoidal disease (30.55%), anal fistula (25%) and anal fissure (18.05%), and one patient (1.39%) with anal HPV infection. Anal cytology results showed 8.33% flat epithelial cells with cytopathic changes suggestive of HPV infection and 1.39% squamous cells with cytopathic changes suggestive of HPV infection: 50% mild inflammatory negative for malignancy and 33.33% flat epithelial cells without atypia. In conclusion, the anal cytology investigation should continue to determine the actual frequency of anal HPV infection. (AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Canal Anal/lesões , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Canal Anal/patologia , Perfil de SaúdeRESUMO
There is increasing evidence that either ingested or produced fructose may have a role in metabolic syndrome. While not commonly considered a criterion for metabolic syndrome, cardiac hypertrophy is often associated with metabolic syndrome, and its presence carries increased cardiovascular risk. Recently it has been shown that fructose and fructokinase C (KHK) can be induced in cardiac tissue. Here we tested whether diet-induced metabolic syndrome causes heart disease associated with increased fructose content and metabolism and whether it can be prevented with a fructokinase inhibitor (osthole). Male Wistar rats were provided a control diet (C) or high fat/sugar diet for 30 days (MS), with half of the latter group receiving osthol (MS+OT, 40 mg/kg/d). The Western diet increased fructose, uric acid, and triglyceride concentrations in cardiac tissue associated with cardiac hypertrophy, local hypoxia, oxidative stress, and increased activity and expression of KHK in cardiac tissue. Osthole reversed these effects. We conclude that the cardiac changes in metabolic syndrome involve increased fructose content and its metabolism and that blocking fructokinase can provide cardiac benefit through the inhibition of KHK with modulation of hypoxia, oxidative stress, hypertrophy, and fibrosis.
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Epilepsy is a neurological disorder in which it has been shown that the presence of oxidative stress (OS) is implicated in epileptogenesis. The literature has shown that some antiseizure drugs (ASD) have neuroprotective properties. Levetiracetam (LEV) is a drug commonly used as an ASD, and in some studies, it has been found to possess antioxidant properties. Because the antioxidant effects of LEV have not been demonstrated in the chronic phase of epilepsy, the objective of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effects of LEV on the oxidant-antioxidant status in the hippocampus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The in vitro scavenging capacity of LEV was evaluated. LEV administration in rats with TLE significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, increased catalase (CAT) activity, but did not change glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and significantly decreased glutathione reductase (GR) activity in comparison with epileptic rats. LEV administration in rats with TLE significantly reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels but did not change lipoperoxidation and carbonylated protein levels in comparison with epileptic rats. In addition, LEV showed in vitro scavenging activity against hydroxyl radical (HOâ¢). LEV showed significant antioxidant effects in relation to restoring the redox balance in the hippocampus of rats with TLE. In vitro, LEV demonstrated direct antioxidant activity against HOâ¢.
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Hemochromatosis is a disease characterized by excess iron stores in multiple organs, including the liver, pancreas, skin, and heart. The infiltration of the heart is an important factor in morbidity and mortality. Here we describe the case of a pediatric patient with end-stage heart failure who required a heart transplantation, with no complications. After the surgery, she showed biochemical and clinical improvement, with a positive impact on her quality of life and a prolonged survival.
La hemocromatosis es una enfermedad caracterizada por el excesivo depósito de hierro en múltiples órganos, entre ellos hígado, páncreas, piel y corazón. La infiltración de este último es un importante factor en morbilidad y mortalidad. Presentamos un caso de un paciente pediátrico con insuficiencia cardíaca terminal que ameritó trasplante cardíaco, que resultó sin complicaciones. Posterior a la cirugía, mostró mejoría bioquímica y clínica, lo que influyó positivamente en su calidad de vida y prolongó su supervivencia.
Assuntos
Transplante de Coração , Hemocromatose , Sobrecarga de Ferro , Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Hemocromatose/complicações , Hemocromatose/diagnóstico , Qualidade de Vida , Sobrecarga de Ferro/complicações , FígadoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV(PLWH) and cancer are among the most vulnerable patients and require constant access to medical services. We compared the characteristics of PLWH and cancer in Mexico, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Patients admitted 1 year before (pre-pandemic) and 1 year after the start of the pandemic (pandemic) were included. Clinical characteristics, HIV-related variables, and 90-day mortality were compared. Data are described a proportions (N,%) and central tendency measures. A multiple regression model for variables associated with 90-day mortality was performed. RESULTS: Seventy-nine patients were seen in the pre-pandemic period; 92 during the pandemic. Main diagnoses were Kaposi Sarcoma and lymphoma. CD4+ cell count at diagnosis was lower during the pandemic: 81 cells/mm3 vs. 128 cells/mm3, p = .035. CD4+<100 cells/mm3 at first consultation increased from 41% to 58% during the pandemic (p = .041). Only BMI <20 kg/m2 was associated to death (aOR 8.27, 95%CI 1.74-39.25) (p = .008). The pandemic period was not associated with a higher 90-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS: PLWH and cancer presented to care with advanced disease overall. This was more pronounced during the pandemic period. Mortality was associated with AIDS-related variables regardless of study period. This underscores the need for strategies to maintain in-person access to health-care services for PLWH.