RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. Breathing exercise techniques have been widely used by researchers and professionals in the search for complementary therapies for the treatment of asthma. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of breathing exercises in children with asthma. SEARCH METHODS: We searched for trials in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and AMED and handsearched respiratory journals and meeting abstracts. We also consulted trial registers and reference lists of included articles.The literature search was run up to September 2015. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials of breathing exercises alone versus control or breathing exercises as part of a more complex intervention versus control in children with asthma. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. The primary outcomes were quality of life, asthma symptoms and serious adverse events. The secondary outcomes were reduction in medication usage, number of acute exacerbations, physiological measures (lung function (especially low flow rates) and functional capacity), days off school and adverse events. MAIN RESULTS: The review included three studies involving 112 participants. All the included studies performed the comparison breathing exercises as part of a more complex intervention versus control. There were no trials comparing breathing exercises alone with control. Asthma severity of participants from the included studies varied. The studies measured: quality of life, asthma symptoms, reduction in medication usage, number of acute exacerbations and lung function. Breathing exercise techniques used by the included studies consisted of lateral costal breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, inspiratory patterns and pursed lips. One study included in the review did not specify the type of breathing exercise used. The control groups received different interventions: one received placebo treatment, one an educational programme and doctor appointments, and one was not described. There were no reported between-group comparisons for any of the primary outcomes. We judged the included studies as having an unclear risk of bias. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We could draw no reliable conclusions concerning the use of breathing exercises for children with asthma in clinical practice. The breathing exercises were part of a more comprehensive package of care, and could not be assessed on their own. Moreover, there were methodological differences among the three small included studies and poor reporting of methodological aspects and results in most of the included studies.
Assuntos
Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Exercícios Respiratórios , Antiasmáticos/uso terapêutico , Asma/fisiopatologia , Criança , Humanos , Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Qualidade de Vida , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como AssuntoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The literature emphasizes the need for studies to provide reference values and equations able to predict respiratory muscle strength of Brazilian subjects at different ages and from different regions of Brazil. OBJECTIVES: To develop prediction equations for maximal respiratory pressures (MRP) of Brazilian adolescents. METHOD: In total, 182 healthy adolescents (98 boys and 84 girls) aged between 12 and 18 years, enrolled in public and private schools in the city of Natal-RN, were evaluated using an MVD300 digital manometer (Globalmed®) according to a standardized protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 17.0 software, with a significance level of 5%. Data normality was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and descriptive analysis results were expressed as the mean and standard deviation. To verify the correlation between the MRP and the independent variables (age, weight, height and sex), the Pearson correlation test was used. To obtain the prediction equations, stepwise multiple linear regression was used. RESULTS: The variables height, weight and sex were correlated to MRP. However, weight and sex explained part of the variability of MRP, and the regression analysis in this study indicated that these variables contributed significantly in predicting maximal inspiratory pressure, and only sex contributed significantly to maximal expiratory pressure. CONCLUSION: This study provides reference values and two models of prediction equations for maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures and sets the necessary normal lower limits for the assessment of the respiratory muscle strength of Brazilian adolescents.
Assuntos
Força Muscular , Mecânica Respiratória/fisiologia , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiologia , Adolescente , Peso Corporal , Brasil , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Previsões , Humanos , Masculino , Matemática , Pressão , Valores de Referência , RespiraçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The literature emphasizes the need for studies to provide reference values and equations able to predict respiratory muscle strength of Brazilian subjects at different ages and from different regions of Brazil. OBJECTIVES: To develop prediction equations for maximal respiratory pressures (MRP) of Brazilian adolescents. METHOD: In total, 182 healthy adolescents (98 boys and 84 girls) aged between 12 and 18 years, enrolled in public and private schools in the city of Natal-RN, were evaluated using an MVD300 digital manometer (Globalmed®) according to a standardized protocol. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistics 17.0 software, with a significance level of 5%. Data normality was verified using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and descriptive analysis results were expressed as the mean and standard deviation. To verify the correlation between the MRP and the independent variables (age, weight, height and sex), the Pearson correlation test was used. To obtain the prediction equations, stepwise multiple linear regression was used. RESULTS: The variables height, weight and sex were correlated to MRP. However, weight and sex explained part of the variability of MRP, and the regression analysis in this study indicated that these variables contributed significantly in predicting maximal inspiratory pressure, and only sex contributed significantly to maximal expiratory pressure. CONCLUSION: This study provides reference values and two models of prediction equations for maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures and sets the necessary normal lower limits for the assessment of the respiratory muscle strength of Brazilian adolescents. .
Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Força Muscular , Mecânica Respiratória/fisiologia , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiologia , Peso Corporal , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Previsões , Matemática , Pressão , Valores de Referência , RespiraçãoRESUMO
Investigar se a satisfação do paciente que recebe assistência fisioterapêutica pode ser influenciada por suas características sociodemográficas. Estudo transversal realizado com 834 pacientes em 45 clínicas da rede privada dos municípios de Natal e Mossoró/RN-Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por um instrumento cujas medidas psicométricas foram testadas anteriormente (Coeficiente alpha de Cronbach, validade de conteúdo, simultânea e de construto). As variáveis analisadas no estudo da satisfação foram: idade, sexo, nível de escolaridade e renda familiar. As associações foram estudadas pelo teste do Qui-quadrado de Pearson e regressão logística binária. Foram considerados níveis de significância p<0,05 e Intervalo de Confiança (IC) de 95 por cento. A satisfação do paciente apresentou associação significativa com o sexo (p<0,001), renda familiar (p<0,003) e nível de escolaridade (p<0,011). Os resultados demonstraram que maior grau de satisfação pode estar associado ao sexo feminino (OR= 1,92; IC 95 por cento: 1,30-2,82) maior renda familiar (OR=1,65; IC: 1,03-2,63) é com o nível médio de escolaridade quando a referência não apresentaram associação significativa com a satisfação. As caracteríisticas sociodemográficas referentes ao seu gênero, renda e escolaridade. A inxistência de consenso na literatura acerca do tema e o seu número de variáveis intervenientes agregam valor à necessidade de novos estudos.