RESUMO

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of jabuticaba (Plinia cauliflora) peel extract on the diets of female blue Betta splendens concerning the level of digestive enzymes, liver metabolism, and antioxidant activity. The sample constituted 150 individuals subdivided into five groups in tripli-cate, totaling 10 fish per 20-liter experimental unit. Commercial diets (40.88% crude protein (CP) and 4374.8 Kcal•kg-1v) were added to hydroalcoholic jabuticaba peel extract (EHJ) at concentrations of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g•kg-1. The diets were provided twice a day, until apparent satiety, for 21 days. Fish mortality was not observed during the study. Growth indices did not show any significant differences, apart from feed conversion. The use of the extract promoted an increase in the luminosity of the fish; however, there was no statistical difference in chromaticity a* and b*. A decrease in the activity of SOD on the skin of fish fed with diets of 1.5 and 2 g kg-1 EHJ was observed in comparison to the other diets. There was no change in catalase (CAT) activity among the experimental treatments. It is concluded that the use of 2 g•kg-1 EHJ has an antioxidant effect that reflects the greater luminosity of blue female Betta splendens.(AU)

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos do extrato hidroalcoólico de casca de jabuticaba em die-tas de Bettasplendes azuis em relação ao conteúdo de enzimas digestivas, ao metabolismo hepático e à atividade antioxidante. Foram utilizados 150 indivíduos divididos em cinco grupos em triplicatas, totalizando dez peixes por unidade experimental de 20 L. Às dietas comerciais (40,88% PB e 4.374,8 Kcal kg-1), foi acrescido extrato hidroalcoólico de casca de jabuticaba (EHJ) nas seguintes concentra-ções: controle; 0,5; 1; 1,5; e 2 g•kg-1). A ração foi fornecida aos exemplares duas vezes ao dia, até a saciedade aparente, por 21 dias. Não foi registrada a mortalidade de peixes durante o ensaio, bem como diferença significativa nos índices de crescimento, com exceção da conversão alimentar. A utili-zação do extrato aumentou a luminosidade dos peixes, porém não se verificou diferença estatística na cromaticidade a* e b*. Quanto ao superóxido dismutase, diminuiu-se sua atividade na pele do grupo alimentado com dietas acrescidas de 1,5 e 2 g•kg-1 EHJ em comparação com as demais. O último item avaliado foi a catalase, cuja atividade não se alterou no período estudado. Concluiu-se, portanto, que a utilização de 2 g•kg-1 EHJ proporciona efeito antioxidante, que se reflete em maior luminosidade de Bettasplendes azuis.(AU)

Assuntos

Perciformes/fisiologia , Solução Hidroalcoólica , Casca de Planta/química , Aditivos Alimentares/efeitos adversos , Antioxidantes

RESUMO

Coffee husks are a major by-product of coffee production and are currently being underutilized. The aim of this work was to chemically characterize coffee husks to allow for an adequate evaluation of their potential for valorization. Blanched and non-blanched coffee husks were characterized for extractable and non-extractable phenolics, caffeine, trigonelline content, and for their polysaccharide and proximal composition. The total, soluble and insoluble fiber contents were determined, together with the husks' technological properties. Antioxidant activity and bioaccessibility of phenolic compounds of coffee husks were evaluated. Two types of husk were studied: one comprised mostly of outer skin and pulp (CH1); and other comprised mostly of parchment (CH2). Blanching had positive effects on non-extractable phenolics, chlorogenic acid and on the bioaccessibility of phenolics, promoting small reductions in extractable phenolics, protocathecuic acid, caffeine and trigonelline contents. Blanched CH1 presented more appropriate properties than CH2 for potential applications in food. It also presented better antioxidant, hydration, and oil holding properties than those of other agri-food by-products. Tentatively identified polysaccharides included galactomannans, arabinogalactans type II, pectin and cellulose.