RESUMO
Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis is a frequent therapeutic challenge in cancer patients. The purpose of this retrospective study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of oral mucositis in 169 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) patients treated according to different chemotherapeutic trials at the Darcy Vargas Children's Hospital from 1994 to 2005. Demographic data, clinical history, chemotherapeutic treatment and patients' follow-up were recorded. The association of oral mucositis with age, gender, leucocyte counts at diagnosis and treatment was assessed by the chi-squared test and multivariate regression analysis. Seventy-seven ALL patients (46%) developed oral mucositis during the treatment. Patient age (P = 0.33), gender (P = 0.08) and leucocyte counts at diagnosis (P = 0.34) showed no correlation with the occurrence of oral mucositis. Multivariate regression analysis showed a significant risk for oral mucositis (P = 0.009) for ALL patients treated according to the ALL-BFM-95 protocol. These results strongly suggest the greater stomatotoxic effect of the ALL-BFM-95 trial when compared with Brazilian trials. We concluded that chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis should be systematically analysed prospectively in specialized centres for ALL treatment to establish the degree of toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs and to improve the quality of life of patients based on more effective therapeutic and prophylactic approaches for prevention of its occurrence.
Assuntos
Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/epidemiologia , Estomatite/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Hormonais/administração & dosagem , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Asparaginase/uso terapêutico , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapêutico , Citarabina/uso terapêutico , Daunorrubicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Contagem de Leucócitos , Masculino , Mercaptopurina/uso terapêutico , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Vincristina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Os autores descrevem um caso com diagnóstico de linfoma näo-Hodgkin (Burkitt) cujas manifestaçöes oculares foram as típicas de uma leucemia linfocítica aguda e discutem clinicamente os critérios de classificaçäo destas patologias