RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) is a subjective scale to monitor overload and fatigue during exercise. Hypoxia may worsen the perception of fatigue, compromising the self-reported perception of effort and increasing RPE. The objective was to evaluate the effects of carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation on RPE during exercise in hypoxia simulating 4200 m. METHODS: Eight male physically active volunteers performed two exercises at 50% VO2peak and 1% slope: exercise in hypoxia + placebo or exercise in hypoxia + CHO (6% maltodextrin) with supplementation at 20, 40, and 60 min during exercise. Oxygen Saturation (SaO2%) was assessed at baseline and after exercise, while RPE and HR were measured each 10 min during the trial. RESULTS: SaO2% decreased after exercise in both conditions of hypoxia compared to rest. The RPE did not differ between groups. However, the RPE increased in hypoxia after 20 min of exercise in relation to 10 min. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of RPE was lower in hypoxia + CHO compared to hypoxia. The AUC of the HR/RPE ratio in the hypoxia + CHO group was higher in relation to hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that CHO supplementation does not change RPE induced by 60 min of exercise at 50% VO2peak in hypoxia equivalent to 4200 m at the different times analyzed. However, in hypoxia + CHO the (AUC)-60 min of total RPE decreased during exercise, while the heart rate/RPE ratio improved, indicating lower RPE in the hypoxic environment.

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The purpose of study was to assess long-term clinical and radiographic aspects of dogs' stifle joints which had undergone a modified tibial tuberosity advancement technique (mTTA). A total of 15 stifles that had undergone mTTA for CCL disease of 11 patients were included in this study. Assessments involved patient's gait analysis, cranial drawer and tibial compression tests, stifle goniometry range of articular motion, thigh and leg girth and radiographic evidence of progression of osteoarthrosis. Variables were compared between operated and healthy limbs and among moments (M0) on the early postop; (M1) 120 days postop; and (M2) approximately 5 years following surgery. A questionnaire regarding owner's perceptions after approximately 5 years of surgery was assessed. Most dogs presented positive response to cranial drawer and tibial compression tests on operated knees. There was also decrease on goniometry and thigh girth and increase in leg girth. Radiographic evidence of progression of osteoarthritis was seen especially on the long-term follow-up (M2). On gait analysis, most animals presented some degree of lameness in different conditions, in contrast to owners' perceptions. Osteoarthritis still develops in dogs following mTTA surgery for CCL disease. However, owners were overall satisfied with their recovery and would be willing to accept indication of mTTA for dogs with ruptured CCL.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, em longo prazo, aspectos clínicos e radiográficos do joelho de cães submetidos à técnica modificada de avanço da tuberosidade da tíbia (mTTA). Um total de 15 joelhos de 11 pacientes foram submetidos à mTTA para correção de doença do ligamento cruzado cranial. A avaliação envolvia análise de marcha do paciente, teste de compressão tibial e de gaveta, goniometria do joelho para amplitude articular, circunferência das pernas e coxas e evidência radiográfica de progressão da osteoartrose. As variáveis foram comparadas entre membros operados e saudáveis e entre os momentos (M0) no pós-operatório imediato; (M1) 120 dias de pós-operatório; e (M2) aproximadamente cinco anos após a cirurgia. Foi avaliado um questionário sobre as percepções do proprietário após aproximadamente cinco anos de cirurgia. A maioria dos cães apresentou resposta positiva aos testes de gavetas e de compressão tibial em joelhos operados. Houve também diminuição na goniometria e na circunferência da coxa e aumento do perímetro das pernas. Evidências radiográficas de progressão da osteoartrite foram observadas especialmente no seguimento de longo prazo (M2). Na análise de marcha, a maioria dos animais apresentou algum grau de claudicação em diferentes condições, em contraste com as percepções dos proprietários. A osteoartrite ainda se desenvolve em cães após a cirurgia de mTTA para doença CCL. No entanto, os proprietários estavam, em geral, satisfeitos com a recuperação dos animais e estavam dispostos a aceitar a indicação de mTTA para cães com doença do ligamento cruzado cranial.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The purpose of study was to assess long-term clinical and radiographic aspects of dogs' stifle joints which had undergone a modified tibial tuberosity advancement technique (mTTA). A total of 15 stifles that had undergone mTTA for CCL disease of 11 patients were included in this study. Assessments involved patient's gait analysis, cranial drawer and tibial compression tests, stifle goniometry range of articular motion, thigh and leg girth and radiographic evidence of progression of osteoarthrosis. Variables were compared between operated and healthy limbs and among moments (M0) on the early postop; (M1) 120 days postop; and (M2) approximately 5 years following surgery. A questionnaire regarding owner's perceptions after approximately 5 years of surgery was assessed. Most dogs presented positive response to cranial drawer and tibial compression tests on operated knees. There was also decrease on goniometry and thigh girth and increase in leg girth. Radiographic evidence of progression of osteoarthritis was seen especially on the long-term follow-up (M2). On gait analysis, most animals presented some degree of lameness in different conditions, in contrast to owners' perceptions. Osteoarthritis still develops in dogs following mTTA surgery for CCL disease. However, owners were overall satisfied with their recovery and would be willing to accept indication of mTTA for dogs with ruptured CCL.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, em longo prazo, aspectos clínicos e radiográficos do joelho de cães submetidos à técnica modificada de avanço da tuberosidade da tíbia (mTTA). Um total de 15 joelhos de 11 pacientes foram submetidos à mTTA para correção de doença do ligamento cruzado cranial. A avaliação envolvia análise de marcha do paciente, teste de compressão tibial e de gaveta, goniometria do joelho para amplitude articular, circunferência das pernas e coxas e evidência radiográfica de progressão da osteoartrose. As variáveis foram comparadas entre membros operados e saudáveis e entre os momentos (M0) no pós-operatório imediato; (M1) 120 dias de pós-operatório; e (M2) aproximadamente cinco anos após a cirurgia. Foi avaliado um questionário sobre as percepções do proprietário após aproximadamente cinco anos de cirurgia. A maioria dos cães apresentou resposta positiva aos testes de gavetas e de compressão tibial em joelhos operados. Houve também diminuição na goniometria e na circunferência da coxa e aumento do perímetro das pernas. Evidências radiográficas de progressão da osteoartrite foram observadas especialmente no seguimento de longo prazo (M2). Na análise de marcha, a maioria dos animais apresentou algum grau de claudicação em diferentes condições, em contraste com as percepções dos proprietários. A osteoartrite ainda se desenvolve em cães após a cirurgia de mTTA para doença CCL. No entanto, os proprietários estavam, em geral, satisfeitos com a recuperação dos animais e estavam dispostos a aceitar a indicação de mTTA para cães com doença do ligamento cruzado cranial.(AU)

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RESUMO

The aim of this study was to elucidate the cause of a neurological syndrome characterized by stridor in adult goats with clinical signs of copper deficiency. The main clinical signs consisted of apathy, emaciation, pale mucous membranes, mucous nasal discharge, dyspnea, severe achromotrichia, diffuse alopecia, torpor, ataxia, and stridor. When the goats were forced to move, the stridor increased. In a herd of 194 Toggenburg goats, 10 adult goats with clinical signs of copper deficiency were removed from the herd and divided into 2 groups: group 1, which consisted of 4 nannies and 1 buck with stridor, and group 2, which consisted of 4 nannies and 1 buck without stridor. Group 3, used as a control, consisted of 5 adult goats from another flock without any clinical signs of disease. The mean serum copper concentrations were 1.3 ± 0.3 µmol/L in group 1, 8.1 ± 1.1 µmol/L in group 2, and 11.3 ± 2.2 µmol/L in group 3. The mean serum iron concentrations were 42.3 ± 14.2 µmol/L in group 1, 39.1 ± 8.2 µmol/L in group 2, and 20.6 ± 6.1 µmol/L in group 3. The main histological lesions in goats from group 1 were axonal degeneration of the recurrent laryngeal nerves and atrophy of the muscles of vocal folds and of the dorsal cricoarytenoid and right and left cricothyroid muscles. Goats with ataxia had neuronal degeneration and necrosis of cerebellar Purkinje cells and of the cranial cervical ganglion. We concluded that the stridor was caused by axonal degeneration of the recurrent laryngeal nerves due to the severe copper deficiency.

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The minisequencing technique offers accuracy and robustness to genotyping of polymorphic DNA variants, being an excellent option for the identification and analyses of prognostic/susceptibility markers in human diseases. Two multiplex minisequencing assays were designed and standardized to screen 23 candidate SNPs in cytokine, chemokine receptor and ligand genes previously associated with susceptibility to cancer and autoimmune disorders as well as to infectious diseases outcome. The SNPs were displayed in two separate panels (panel 1-IL2 rs2069762, TNFα rs1800629, rs361525; IL4 rs2243250; IL6 rs1800795; IL10 rs1800896, rs1800872; IL17A rs8193036, rs2275913 and panel 2-CCR3 rs309125, CCR4 rs6770096, rs2228428; CCR6 rs968334; CCR8 rs2853699; CXCR3 rs34334103, rs2280964;CXCR6 rs223435, rs2234358; CCL20 rs13034664, rs6749704; CCL22 rs4359426; CXCL10/IP-10 rs3921, rs56061981). A total of 305 DNA samples from healthy individuals were genotyped by minisequencing. To validate the minisequencing technique and to encompass the majority of the potential genotypes for all 23 SNPs, 20 of these samples were genotyped by Sanger sequencing. The results of both techniques were 100% in agreement. The technique of minisequencing showed high accuracy and robustness, avoiding the need for high quantities of DNA template samples. It was easily to be conducted in bulk samples derived from a highly admixed human population, being therefore an excellent option for immunogenetic studies.

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The recently developed minimally invasive techniques of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) have been studied in dogs in order to optimize their benefits and decrease risks to the patients. The purpose of this study was to compare surgical time, complications and technical difficulties of transvaginal total-NOTES, single-port laparoscopic-assisted and conventional OVH in bitches. Twelve bitches were submitted to total-NOTES (NOTES group), while 13 underwent single-port laparoscopic-assisted (SPLA group) and 15 were submitted to conventional OVH (OPEN group). Intra-operative period was divided into 7 stages: (1) access to abdominal cavity; (2) pneumoperitoneum; approach to the right (3) and left (4) ovarian pedicle and uterine body (5); (6) abdominal or vaginal synthesis, performed in 6 out of 12 patients of NOTES; (7) inoperative time. Overall and stages operative times, intra and postoperative complications and technical difficulties were compared among groups. Mean overall surgical time in NOTES (25.7±6.8 minutes) and SPLA (23.1±4.0 minutes) groups were shorter than in the OPEN group (34.0±6.4 minutes) (P<0.05). The intraoperative stage that required the longest time was the approach to the uterine body in the NOTES group and abdominal and cutaneous sutures in the OPEN group. There was no difference regarding the rates of complications. Major complications included postoperative bleeding requiring reoperation in a bitch in the OPEN group, while minor complications included mild vaginal discharge in four patients in the NOTES group and seroma in three bitches in the SPLA group. In conclusion, total-NOTES and SPLA OVH were less time-consuming then conventional OVH in bitches. All techniques presented complications, which were properly managed.

O emprego de novas técnicas minimamente invasivas de ovário-histerectomia (OHE) vem sendo estudado em cães com o intuito de otimizar seus benefícios e reduzir os riscos aos pacientes. O presente estudo objetivou comparar o tempo cirúrgico, as complicações e dificuldades técnicas entre as abordagens por total-NOTES transvaginal, videoassistida com único portal e por celiotomia para ovário-histerectomia (OVH) em cadelas. Foram operados 12 animais por total-NOTES (grupo NOTES), 13 pela técnica videoassistida (grupo SPLA) e 15 pela técnica convencional (grupo OPEN). O período intraoperatório foi dividido em sete etapas: (1) acesso à cavidade abdominal; (2) criação do pneumoperitônio; abordagem ao pedículo ovariano direito (3), esquerdo (4) e ao corpo uterino (5); (6) síntese abdominal ou vaginal, realizado em seis de 12 pacientes do grupo NOTES; (7) tempo inoperante. Os parâmetros avaliados foram o tempo cirúrgico total e de cada etapa intraoperatória, a frequência de complicações intra e pós-operatórias e dificuldades técnicas. O tempo cirúrgico total médio dos grupos NOTES (25,7±6,8 minutos) e SPVA (23,1±4,0 minutos) foram menores que o do grupo OPEN (34,0±6,4 minutos) (P<0.05). A etapa intraoperatória que demandou maior tempo de execução foi a abordagem ao corpo uterino para o grupo NOTES, e síntese abdominal e cutânea para o grupo OPEN. Uma cadela do grupo OPEN necessitou de reintervenção para controle de hemorragia como complicação maior, e três cadelas do grupo SPVA apresentaram seroma de ferida cirúrgica como complicações menores. Concluiu-se que as técnicas de total-NOTES e SPLA apresentaram menor tempo cirúrgico que a abordagem convencional de OVH em cadelas. Todas as técnicas apresentaram complicações que foram adequadamente manejadas.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The recently developed minimally invasive techniques of ovariohysterectomy (OVH) have been studied in dogs in order to optimize their benefits and decrease risks to the patients. The purpose of this study was to compare surgical time, complications and technical difficulties of transvaginal total-NOTES, single-port laparoscopic-assisted and conventional OVH in bitches. Twelve bitches were submitted to total-NOTES (NOTES group), while 13 underwent single-port laparoscopic-assisted (SPLA group) and 15 were submitted to conventional OVH (OPEN group). Intra-operative period was divided into 7 stages: (1) access to abdominal cavity; (2) pneumoperitoneum; approach to the right (3) and left (4) ovarian pedicle and uterine body (5); (6) abdominal or vaginal synthesis, performed in 6 out of 12 patients of NOTES; (7) inoperative time. Overall and stages operative times, intra and postoperative complications and technical difficulties were compared among groups. Mean overall surgical time in NOTES (25.7±6.8 minutes) and SPLA (23.1±4.0 minutes) groups were shorter than in the OPEN group (34.0±6.4 minutes) (P<0.05). The intraoperative stage that required the longest time was the approach to the uterine body in the NOTES group and abdominal and cutaneous sutures in the OPEN group. There was no difference regarding the rates of complications. Major complications included postoperative bleeding requiring reoperation in a bitch in the OPEN group, while minor complications included mild vaginal discharge in four patients in the NOTES group and seroma in three bitches in the SPLA group. In conclusion, total-NOTES and SPLA OVH were less time-consuming then conventional OVH in bitches. All techniques presented complications, which were properly managed(AU)

O emprego de novas técnicas minimamente invasivas de ovário-histerectomia (OHE) vem sendo estudado em cães com o intuito de otimizar seus benefícios e reduzir os riscos aos pacientes. O presente estudo objetivou comparar o tempo cirúrgico, as complicações e dificuldades técnicas entre as abordagens por total-NOTES transvaginal, videoassistida com único portal e por celiotomia para ovário-histerectomia (OVH) em cadelas. Foram operados 12 animais por total-NOTES (grupo NOTES), 13 pela técnica videoassistida (grupo SPLA) e 15 pela técnica convencional (grupo OPEN). O período intraoperatório foi dividido em sete etapas: (1) acesso à cavidade abdominal; (2) criação do pneumoperitônio; abordagem ao pedículo ovariano direito (3), esquerdo (4) e ao corpo uterino (5); (6) síntese abdominal ou vaginal, realizado em seis de 12 pacientes do grupo NOTES; (7) tempo inoperante. Os parâmetros avaliados foram o tempo cirúrgico total e de cada etapa intraoperatória, a frequência de complicações intra e pós-operatórias e dificuldades técnicas. O tempo cirúrgico total médio dos grupos NOTES (25,7±6,8 minutos) e SPVA (23,1±4,0 minutos) foram menores que o do grupo OPEN (34,0±6,4 minutos) (P<0.05). A etapa intraoperatória que demandou maior tempo de execução foi a abordagem ao corpo uterino para o grupo NOTES, e síntese abdominal e cutânea para o grupo OPEN. Uma cadela do grupo OPEN necessitou de reintervenção para controle de hemorragia como complicação maior, e três cadelas do grupo SPVA apresentaram seroma de ferida cirúrgica como complicações menores. Concluiu-se que as técnicas de total-NOTES e SPLA apresentaram menor tempo cirúrgico que a abordagem convencional de OVH em cadelas. Todas as técnicas apresentaram complicações que foram adequadamente manejadas(AU)

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RESUMO

Objetivou-se neste estudo descrever a técnica de xenotransplante gonadal em camundongosimunossuprimidos por meio de ovariectomia unilateral total videolaparoscópica (OVL) em ovelhas. Foramutilizadas quatro ovelhas como doadoras do tecido reprodutivo e camundongos em fase reprodutiva (n = 12)como receptores. As coletas foram realizadas por videocirurgia, e foram avaliados o tempo de cirurgia, as respostascomportamentais antiálgicas, o apetite, o escore corporal e a locomoção durante 10 dias pós-operatórios. Osxenotransplantes foram realizados na cápsula renal dos camundongos, sendo avaliados histologicamente 60 diasapós o transplante. O tempo de cirurgia foi de 18 ± 3 min. A técnica OVL apresentou-se minimamente invasiva,sem complicações cirúrgicas, proporcionando mínimo desconforto e ótima recuperação dos animais, e pode serempregada em ovelhas adultas e pré-púberes para coleta de tecidos reprodutivos para conservação de gametas. Parahistologia dos tecidos xenotransplantados, verificou-se viabilidade tecidual, com neovascularização e ausência defocos necróticos, porém não se visualizaram folículos nas diferentes fases. Concluiu-se que a OVL pode ser atécnica empregada em ovelhas pré-púberes e adultas para recuperação de tecido reprodutivo paraxenotransplante. Para o xenotransplante, sugere-se que os fragmentos ovarianos selecionados contenham umnúmero suficiente de folículos primordiais para o possível sucesso da biotécnica.

The aim of this study was to describe the technique of gonadal xenotransplantation inimmunosuppressed mice from total unilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy (OVL) in sheep. Four sheep were usedas donors of reproductive tissue in mice in the reproductive phase (n = 12) as receivers. Samples were collectedby laparoscopic surgery, evaluating the time of surgery, observation of behavioral anti-painful responses,monitoring appetite, body condition score and locomotion for 10 days postoperatively. The xenografts wereperformed in the renal capsule of mice, as evaluated histologically 60 days after transplantation. The operationtime was 18 ± 3 min, the technique presented OVL minimally invasive surgical complications without providingminimum discomfort and optimum recovery of the animals and can be used in adult and prepubertal sheep forcollecting reproductive tissues for the conservation of gametes. Histology tissue xenotransplanteted was a viabletissue, with neovascularization and absence of necrotic foci, but follicles at different stages were not visualized.It was concluded that the OVL technique can be employed in sheep and adult prepubertal for recoveringreproductive tissue for xenotransplantation. For xenotransplantation, it is suggested that the ovarian fragmentsselected contain a sufficient number of primordial follicles for the possible success of biotech.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objetivou-se neste estudo descrever a técnica de xenotransplante gonadal em camundongosimunossuprimidos por meio de ovariectomia unilateral total videolaparoscópica (OVL) em ovelhas. Foramutilizadas quatro ovelhas como doadoras do tecido reprodutivo e camundongos em fase reprodutiva (n = 12)como receptores. As coletas foram realizadas por videocirurgia, e foram avaliados o tempo de cirurgia, as respostascomportamentais antiálgicas, o apetite, o escore corporal e a locomoção durante 10 dias pós-operatórios. Osxenotransplantes foram realizados na cápsula renal dos camundongos, sendo avaliados histologicamente 60 diasapós o transplante. O tempo de cirurgia foi de 18 ± 3 min. A técnica OVL apresentou-se minimamente invasiva,sem complicações cirúrgicas, proporcionando mínimo desconforto e ótima recuperação dos animais, e pode serempregada em ovelhas adultas e pré-púberes para coleta de tecidos reprodutivos para conservação de gametas. Parahistologia dos tecidos xenotransplantados, verificou-se viabilidade tecidual, com neovascularização e ausência defocos necróticos, porém não se visualizaram folículos nas diferentes fases. Concluiu-se que a OVL pode ser atécnica empregada em ovelhas pré-púberes e adultas para recuperação de tecido reprodutivo paraxenotransplante. Para o xenotransplante, sugere-se que os fragmentos ovarianos selecionados contenham umnúmero suficiente de folículos primordiais para o possível sucesso da biotécnica.(AU)

The aim of this study was to describe the technique of gonadal xenotransplantation inimmunosuppressed mice from total unilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy (OVL) in sheep. Four sheep were usedas donors of reproductive tissue in mice in the reproductive phase (n = 12) as receivers. Samples were collectedby laparoscopic surgery, evaluating the time of surgery, observation of behavioral anti-painful responses,monitoring appetite, body condition score and locomotion for 10 days postoperatively. The xenografts wereperformed in the renal capsule of mice, as evaluated histologically 60 days after transplantation. The operationtime was 18 ± 3 min, the technique presented OVL minimally invasive surgical complications without providingminimum discomfort and optimum recovery of the animals and can be used in adult and prepubertal sheep forcollecting reproductive tissues for the conservation of gametes. Histology tissue xenotransplanteted was a viabletissue, with neovascularization and absence of necrotic foci, but follicles at different stages were not visualized.It was concluded that the OVL technique can be employed in sheep and adult prepubertal for recoveringreproductive tissue for xenotransplantation. For xenotransplantation, it is suggested that the ovarian fragmentsselected contain a sufficient number of primordial follicles for the possible success of biotech.(AU)

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RESUMO

The effects and susceptibility of donkeys to Crotalaria juncea and Crotalaria retusa poisoning were determined at high and low doses. Seeds of C. juncea containing 0.074% of dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (DHPAs) (isohemijunceines 0.05%, trichodesmine 0.016%, and junceine 0.008%) were administered to three donkeys at 0.3, 0.6 and 1 g/kg body weight (g/kg) daily for 365 days. No clinical signs were observed and, on liver and lung biopsies, the only lesion was a mild liver megalocytosis in the donkeys ingesting 0.6 and 1 g/kg/day. Two other donkeys that received daily doses of 3 and 5 g seed/kg showed initial respiratory signs 70 and 40 days after the start of the administration, respectively. The donkeys were euthanized following severe respiratory signs and the main lung lesions were proliferation of Clara cells and interstitial fibrosis. Three donkeys ingested seeds of C. retusa containing 5.99% of monocrotaline at daily doses of 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg for 365 days. No clinical signs were observed and, on liver and lung biopsies, the only lesion was moderate liver megalocytosis in each of the three donkeys. One donkey that received a single dose of 5 g/kg of C. retusa seeds and another that received 1 g/kg daily for 7 days both showed severe clinical signs and died with diffuse centrilobular liver necrosis. No lung lesions were observed. Another donkey that received a single dose of 2.5 g/kg of C. retusa seeds showed no clinical signs. The hepatic and pneumotoxic effects observed are consistent with an etiology involving DHPAs. Furthermore, the occurrence of lung or liver lesions correlates with the type of DHPAs contained in the seeds. Similarly as has been reported for horses, the data herein suggest that in donkeys some DHPAs are metabolized in the liver causing liver disease, whereas others are metabolized in the lung by Clara cells causing lung disease.

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Tephrosia cinerea has been associated with ascites and liver fibrosis in sheep in Brazil. The dried plant was fed ad libitum to three sheep for 55-80 days. Three additional sheep were used as controls. All the treated sheep presented with hypoalbuminemia and increased γ-glutamyltransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Anorexia, apathy, rough coat, ascites, and emaciation were observed after 45-60 days of feeding with T. cinerea. At necropsy 55-80 days after feeding of the plant commenced, the treated sheep had ascites, hydrothorax and hydropericardium, and their livers were firm and whitish, with a nodular surface. Histologically, the main hepatic lesions were periacinar fibrosis associated with hemorrhages and necrosis. On electron microscopy, a severe swelling of sinusoidal endothelial cells, frequently obstructing the lumen of the sinusoid was observed. The space of Disse was compressed by the swollen endothelial cells and microvilli usually present on the surface of hepatocytes adjacent to the space of Disse were not apparent. Dense bundles of collagen fibers were present in the spaces of Disse and within the sinusoids between profiles of swollen endothelial cells. It is concluded that T. cinerea causes periacinar fibrosis, similar to poisoning by Galenia africana in sheep and goats and veno-occlusive disease in different species.

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O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da hidroterapia na cicatrização óssea de cães submetidos à técnica de Avanço da Tuberosidade Tibial modificada (TTAm), por meio de avaliações radiográficas. Foram utilizados 10 cães de porte médio ou grande (Canis familiaris- Linnaeus, 1758), machos ou fêmeas, com diagnóstico de Ruptura de Ligamento Cruzado Cranial (RLCCr). Após o diagnóstico, os animais foram submetidos ao TTAm. Os cães foram separados em dois grupos experimentais contendo cinco animais em cada grupo: Grupo C (controle): animais não tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira); Grupo T (tratado): animais tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira). Para a avaliação da cicatrização óssea foi realizada a análise radiográfica no pós-operatório imediato, com 30, 60 e 90 dias pós-operatório verificando posicionamento de implante, presença de reação periosteal, imagens sugestivas de rejeição, infecção, densidade óssea (DO) e índice de mineralização (IM). Pôde-se visibilizar o padrão radiográfico de cicatrização óssea em ambos os grupos. Ao avaliar o IM não foi verificada diferença significativa entre animais tratados ou não com fisioterapia (P>0,05). Os cães tratados com fisioterapia (hidroterapia) por 15 dias, comparados com animais não tratados, tiveram uso funcional do membro precocemente e a amplitude de movimento maior. Concluiu-se que a utilização da hidroterapia como método auxiliar no tratamento dos cães submetidos à TTA modificada não promove diferença significativa na cicatrização óssea em comparação aos cães que não foram tratados com fisioterapia(AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the of hydromat action in bone healing in dogs undergoing modified TTA (TTAm) by means of radiographic evaluation. We used 10 dogs of medium or large (Canis familiaris, Linnaeus, 1758), male or female, diagnosed with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture (CCLR). After the diagnosis, the animals underwent to TTAm. The dogs were divided into two experimental groups with five animals in each group: Group C (control): animals not treated with physiotherapy (hydrotherapy) and Group T (treated): animals treated with physiotherapy (hydrotherapy). For the evaluation of bone healing was evaluated radiographically in the immediate postoperative period, with 30, 60 and 90 days post-operatively by checking the positioning of implant, presence of periosteal reaction, images suggestive of rejection, infection, bone density ( DO) and the rate of mineralization (IM). We could visualize the radiographic pattern of bone healing in both groups. In assessing the IM was not significant difference between treated or not with physiotherapy (P> 0.05). Dogs treated with physiotherapy (hydrotherapy) for 15 days, compared with untreated animals had functional use of the limb and early range of motion greater. It was concluded that the use of hydrotherapy as an auxiliary method in the treatment of dogs undergoing modified TTA does not promote significant difference in bone healing compared with dogs not treated with physiotherapy(AU)

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RESUMO

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da hidroterapia na cicatrização óssea de cães submetidos à técnica de Avanço da Tuberosidade Tibial modificada (TTAm), por meio de avaliações radiográficas. Foram utilizados 10 cães de porte médio ou grande (Canis familiaris- Linnaeus, 1758), machos ou fêmeas, com diagnóstico de Ruptura de Ligamento Cruzado Cranial (RLCCr). Após o diagnóstico, os animais foram submetidos ao TTAm. Os cães foram separados em dois grupos experimentais contendo cinco animais em cada grupo: Grupo C (controle): animais não tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira); Grupo T (tratado): animais tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira). Para a avaliação da cicatrização óssea foi realizada a análise radiográfica no pós-operatório imediato, com 30, 60 e 90 dias pós-operatório verificando posicionamento de implante, presença de reação periosteal, imagens sugestivas de rejeição, infecção, densidade óssea (DO) e índice de mineralização (IM). Pôde-se visibilizar o padrão radiográfico de cicatrização óssea em ambos os grupos. Ao avaliar o IM não foi verificada diferença significativa entre animais tratados ou não com fisioterapia (P>0,05). Os cães tratados com fisioterapia (hidroterapia) por 15 dias, comparados com animais não tratados, tiveram uso funcional do membro precocemente e a amplitude de movimento maior. Concluiu-se que a utilização da hidroterapia como método auxiliar no tratamento dos cães submetidos à TTA modificada não promove diferença significativa na cicatrização óssea em comparação aos cães que não foram tratados com fisioterapia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the of hydromat action in bone healing in dogs undergoing modified TTA (TTAm) by means of radiographic evaluation. We used 10 dogs of medium or large (Canis familiaris, Linnaeus, 1758), male or female, diagnosed with Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture (CCLR). After the diagnosis, the animals underwent to TTAm. The dogs were divided into two experimental groups with five animals in each group: Group C (control): animals not treated with physiotherapy (hydrotherapy) and Group T (treated): animals treated with physiotherapy (hydrotherapy). For the evaluation of bone healing was evaluated radiographically in the immediate postoperative period, with 30, 60 and 90 days post-operatively by checking the positioning of implant, presence of periosteal reaction, images suggestive of rejection, infection, bone density ( DO) and the rate of mineralization (IM). We could visualize the radiographic pattern of bone healing in both groups. In assessing the IM was not significant difference between treated or not with physiotherapy (P> 0.05). Dogs treated with physiotherapy (hydrotherapy) for 15 days, compared with untreated animals had functional use of the limb and early range of motion greater. It was concluded that the use of hydrotherapy as an auxiliary method in the treatment of dogs undergoing modified TTA does not promote significant difference in bone healing compared with dogs not treated with physiotherapy

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da hidroterapia na cicatrização óssea de cães submetidos à técnica de Avanço da Tuberosidade Tibial modificada (TTAm), por meio de avaliações radiográficas. Foram utilizados 10 cães de porte médio ou grande (Canis familiaris- Linnaeus, 1758), machos ou fêmeas, com diagnóstico de Ruptura de Ligamento Cruzado Cranial (RLCCr). Após o diagnóstico, os animais foram submetidos ao TTAm. Os cães foram separados em dois grupos experimentais contendo cinco animais em cada grupo: Grupo C (controle): animais não tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira); Grupo T (tratado): animais tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira). Para a avaliação da cicatrização óssea foi realizada a análise radiográfica no pós-operatório imediato, com 30, 60 e 90 dias pós-operatório verificando posicionamento de implante, presença de reação periosteal, imagens sugestivas de rejeição, infecção, densidade óssea (DO) e índice de mineralizaçã

RESUMO

After the diagnosis of acute Crotalaria retusa poisoning, 21 healthy sheep from the affected flock were returned to the paddock and continued to consume the sprouting plants. Two years after returning these sheep to the paddock, very few plants were still alive, and after 3 years, no C. retusa plants were observed. The sheep had neither clinical signs nor biochemical alterations and delivered healthy lambs. It is concluded that resistant sheep can be used for the biological control of C. retusa.

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RESUMO

Indigofera suffruticosa causes hemolytic anemia and hemoglobinuria in cattle. The plant was administered to six groups of two guinea pigs each, at the daily dose of 10 g/kg body weight, for periods of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 15 days. The guinea pigs progressively developed reduced hematocrits and hemoglobin concentrations, and finally presented anemia, without hemoglobinuria. Urine passed by guinea pigs that had ingested the plant for more than 24 h acquired a turquoise blue pigmentation 8-10 h after urination. It is suggested that the anemia is caused by the aniline contained in I. suffruticosa.

Assuntos

RESUMO

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da hidroterapia na cicatrização óssea de cães submetidos à técnica de Avanço da Tuberosidade Tibial modificada (TTAm), por meio de avaliações radiográficas. Foram utilizados 10 cães de porte médio ou grande (Canis familiaris- Linnaeus, 1758), machos ou fêmeas, com diagnóstico de Ruptura de Ligamento Cruzado Cranial (RLCCr). Após o diagnóstico, os animais foram submetidos ao TTAm. Os cães foram separados em dois grupos experimentais contendo cinco animais em cada grupo: Grupo C (controle): animais não tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira); Grupo T (tratado): animais tratados com fisioterapia (hidroesteira). Para a avaliação da cicatrização óssea foi realizada a análise radiográfica no pós-operatório imediato, com 30, 60 e 90 dias pós-operatório verificando posicionamento de implante, presença de reação periosteal, imagens sugestivas de rejeição, infecção, densidade óssea (DO) e índice de mineralizaçã

RESUMO

Two outbreaks of Hypochaeris radicata-induced Australian stringhalt involving two farms and seven horses from southern Brazil are reported here. Subsequently, the disease was experimentally reproduced in a feeding trial with one colt fed H. radicata from the suspect paddocks. Fresh H. radicata was fed to the experimental animal for 50 days at an average daily dosage of 9.8 kg. Initially, the plant was collected from the paddock where the clinical disease occurred and was fed for 19 consecutive days producing mild clinical signs. However, on days 20-23 fresh plant was collected from a neighboring farm where the disease had not been reported and fed to the colt at which time the colt appeared to recover. Therefore, plant collections from the original suspect paddock resumed and feeding trials continued with clinical signs reoccurring by day 36, and increasing in intensity from days 43-50 after which plant administration was stopped. Within 15 days after ending the feeding trial with H. radicata, the colt appeared to have recovered. This experimental reproduction of stringhalt in a single colt fed H. radicata demonstrated that the two outbreaks of the disease resulted from this plant. Interestingly, the change in location for collection of plant material 19 days into the treatment, and the subsequent recovery of the colt, would suggest that plant material may differ in toxicity depending on location.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Bone and other malformations caused by the ingestion of Mimosa tenuiflora are common in ruminants in the Brazilian semiarid. The aim of this research was to study the teratogenic effects of M. tenuiflora in Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). The experimental group had 15 females and was fed, from the 6th to the 21st day of pregnancy, with a ration containing 10% of M. tenuiflora seeds. The control group, with 10 females, was fed with the same ration without seeds. There were no differences in weight gains, and food and water consumption between treated and control rats. Ninety bone malformations were observed in 40 of the 101 fetuses born in the experimental group, and four malformations were observed in three of the 58 fetuses born in the control group (p<0.05). The weight and number of ossification centers of the fetuses from the experimental group were higher than those from the control group (p<0.05). It is concluded that the seeds of M. tenuiflora are teratogenic to rat fetuses.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Craniofacial anomalies, eye malformations, and permanent flexures of the forelimbs are common malformations seen in ruminants grazing semiarid rangelands of Northeastern Brazil. To investigate the cause of these malformations, we fed 2 suspected plants, Mimosa tenuiflora or Prosopis juliflora, to groups of 4 pregnant goats each. Fresh green M. tenuiflora was collected daily and fed ad libitum to 4 goats in group 1 throughout pregnancy. This treatment group also received a supplemental feed concentrate equivalent to 1% body weight. Four goats in group 2 received a ration with 70% of P. juliflora pods and 30% hay throughout pregnancy. Four control goats were fed supplemental feed concentrate (1% body weight) and hay ad libitum throughout pregnancy. Goats treated with P. juliflora pods and the control goats delivered 9 normal kids. The four goats that were fed M. tenuiflora during pregnancy delivered 4 kids, 3 of which had abnormalities similar to those observed in field cases, including cleft lip, unilateral corneal opacity, ocular bilateral dermoids, buphthalmos with a cloudy brownish appearance of the anterior chamber due to an iridal cyst, and segmental stenosis of the colon. Malformations induced experimentally by M. tenuiflora were similar to those observed in field cases, suggesting that M. tenuiflora is a cause of the field cases observed in the Brazilian semiarid rangelands.

Assuntos