RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular effects for drugs such as hyoscine butylbromide are poorly documented in the literature, unlike atropine, which is considered the antimuscarinic of choice in the presence of intraoperative bradycardia. AIM: The aim of the study was to describe the dose-related cardiovascular effect of hyoscine butylbromide in patients between 18 and 65 years of age, with low perioperative risk undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia on an outpatient basis or hospitalised at our institution between 1 January and 31 May 2019. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study; 28 patients with low perioperative risk who underwent general anaesthesia were selected. Changes in heart rate and blood pressure were analysed during the first 6 minutes after the administration of hyoscine butylbromide. The data obtained was recorded in a Microsoft Excel database and analysed using the Excel analysis tool and IBM SPSS. RESULTS: The average dose of 0.15mg/kg of hyoscine butylbromide achieved an increase in heart rate and mean arterial pressure in 96% and 92.8%, respectively, in the first 6 minutes after the administration. Significant changes in heart rate and blood pressure were obtained during the first 6 minutes at doses between 0.05mg/kg and 0.15mg/kg. CONCLUSION: Hyoscine butylbromide generates positive effects on the heart rate and blood pressure of patients under general anaesthesia, representing a possible alternative in the management of intraoperative bradycardia.
Assuntos
Bradicardia , Escopolamina , Humanos , Bradicardia/induzido quimicamente , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Brometo de Butilescopolamônio/efeitos adversos , Anestesia GeralRESUMO
Taeniasis-cysticercosis, a zoonosis caused by Taenia solium, is prevalent in underdeveloped countries, where marginalization promotes its continued transmission. Pig cysticercosis, an essential stage for transmission, is preventable by vaccination. An efficient multiepitope vaccine against pig cysticercosis, S3Pvac, was developed. Previous studies showed that antibodies against one of the S3Pvac components, GK-1, are capable of damaging T. solium cysticerci, inhibiting their ability to transform into the adult stage in golden hamster gut. This study is aimed to evaluate one of the mechanisms that could mediate anti-GK-1 antibody-dependent protection. To this end, pig anti-GK-1 antibodies were produced and purified by using protein A. Proteomic analysis showed that the induced antibodies recognized the respective native cysticercal protein KE7 (Bobes et al. Infect Immun 85:e00395-17, 2017) and two additional T. solium proteins (endophilin B1 and Gp50). A new procedure to evaluate cysticercus viability, based on quantifying the cytochrome c released after parasite damage, was developed. Taenia crassiceps cysticerci were cultured in the presence of differing amounts of anti-GK-1 antibody and complement in a saturating concentration, along with the respective controls. Cysticercus viability was assessed by recording parasite motility, trypan blue exclusion, and cytochrome c levels in cysticercal soluble extract. Anti-GK-1 antibody significantly increased cysticercus damage as measured by all three methods. Parasite evaluation by electron microscopy after treatment with anti-GK-1 antibody plus complement demonstrated cysticercus damage as shorter, capsule-severed microtrichia; a decrease in glycocalyx length with respect to untreated cysts; and disaggregated desmosomes. These results demonstrate that anti-GK-1 antibodies damage cysticerci through classic complement activation.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos/imunologia , Ativação do Complemento , Taenia/imunologia , Animais , Antígenos de Helmintos/imunologia , Cricetinae , Cisticercose , Feminino , Mesocricetus , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Proteômica , Suínos , Teníase/imunologiaRESUMO
Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: 1) Conocer el patrón (duración y frecuencia) del reflejo de Flehmen (RF) del toro en respuesta a mustras de moco cérvicovaginal obtenidas el día 0 del ciclo estral. 2) Conocer el patrón del RF del toro en respuesta a improntas cérvicovaginales obtenidas los días 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 y 21 posestro y determinar si existen diferencias entre estos días. 3) Conocer el patrón del RF del toro en espuesta a muestras de leche obtenidas los días 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, posestro y determinar si existían diferencias entre dichos días. En cada experimento se registró con un cronómetro la duración y frecuencia con que se daba el RF en un tiempo de exposición a la muesta de dos minutos. Se encontró una diferencia estadística significativa (P < 0.05) entre los valores promedio obtenidos respeto a la duración y frecuenia del RF durante los días del ciclo estral evaluados con muesras de moco e impronta cervicovaginal, así como con las muestras de leche. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la capacidad de estos fluidos para inducir el RF en el toro varía según la etapa del ciclo estral en que se encuentran las vacas y que en consecuencia las características olorosas de dichos fluidos varían según la ciclicidad ovárica. Este trabajo concuerda con estudios previos en el sentido de que el toro es capaz de predecir el inicio del estro de la vaca, incluso con varios días de anticipación, por medio del análisis olfativo de olor característico de las excreciones de la hembra.