RESUMO

Lagoquilascariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by a nematode parasite of the genus Lagochilascaris (Family Ascarididae), with the ingestion of contaminated rodents being the main source of infection. The main clinical signs are dysphagia and the presence of ulcerated nodules in the cervical region. The objective was to describe a case of lagaroquilascariasis in a domestic cat, in the city of Caxias do Sul / RS. A young adult male feline, without defined breed presented lethargy, dehydration, bilateral fistulas in the oropharynx cavity, right eyeball with exophthalmos, corneal opacity, third eyelid prolapse and periocular ulcerated skin lesion in the upper medial region. The diagnosis was made through the visualization and microscopic identification of the parasite Lagochilascaris minor and coproparasitological examination with the presence of eggs. Treatment was based on the use of doramectin and sanitary measures. According to the current literature, there are few reports of lagoquilascariasis in felines with clinical presentation similar to this case, since the most common is the formation of an abscess in the neck region. Morover, it is the first case described in the municipality, thus contributing to the epidemiology of the disease.

A lagoquilascaríase é uma doença zoonótica causada por um parasita nematoide do gênero Lagochilascaris (família Ascarididae), sendo a ingestão de roedores contaminados a principal fonte de infecção. Os principais sinais clínicos são disfagia e presença de nódulos ulcerados em região cervical. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso de lagoquilascaríase em um felino doméstico, na cidade de Caxias do Sul/RS. Um felino, macho, sem raça definida, adulto jovem, apresentou letargia, desidratação, fístulas bilaterais em cavidade orofaringe, globo ocular direito com exoftalmia, opacidade de córnea, prolapso de terceira pálpebra e lesão cutânea ulcerada periocular em região superior medial. O diagnóstico foi realizado por meio da visualização e identificação microscópica do parasita Lagochilascaris minor e de exame coproparasitológico com presença de ovos. O tratamento baseou-se no uso de doramectina e de medidas sanitárias. De acordo com a literatura atual, existem poucos relatos de lagoquilascaríase em felinos com apresentação clínica semelhante a este caso, visto que o mais comum consiste na formação de abscesso na região de pescoço. Além disso, é o primeiro caso descrito no município, contribuindo, assim, para a epidemiologia da doença.

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RESUMO

Fungi of the Aspergillus genus are widespread and contaminate the environment. Thousands of conidia are released from each phialide and dispersed in the air every day. These fungi are considered important mycose-causing agents in hospitals. Due to this, research to determine prevalent fungi from the Aspergillus genus in hospital environments, and an adequate disinfection program in these areas is are needed. This study evaluated the susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. isolated from a veterinary environment against four disinfectants. Successive dilutions of disinfectants (log2) were used according to CLSI M38-A2 microdilution technique adapted to chemical agents against 18 isolates of this genus. After 72 hours of incubation, the Minimum Inhibiting Concentration and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration capable of inhibiting 50% and 90% of the isolates were determined. Chlorexidine-cetrimine, benzalconium chloride and a chlorophenol derivative proved to be effective against all isolates with a lower MIC than that suggested by the manufacturer, except for the A. flavus strain. Sodium hypochlorite was ineffective against three A. fumigatus, three A. flavus and one A. niger isolate. These results demonstrated that all studied disinfectants were effective against environmental isolates, with the exception of sodium hypochlorite, which showed lower effectiveness.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Fungi of the Aspergillus genus are widespread and contaminate the environment. Thousands of conidia are released from each phialide and dispersed in the air every day. These fungi are considered important mycose-causing agents in hospitals. Due to this, research to determine prevalent fungi from the Aspergillus genus in hospital environments, and an adequate disinfection program in these areas is are needed. This study evaluated the susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. isolated from a veterinary environment against four disinfectants. Successive dilutions of disinfectants (log2) were used according to CLSI M38-A2 microdilution technique adapted to chemical agents against 18 isolates of this genus. After 72 hours of incubation, the Minimum Inhibiting Concentration and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration capable of inhibiting 50% and 90% of the isolates were determined. Chlorexidine-cetrimine, benzalconium chloride and a chlorophenol derivative proved to be effective against all isolates with a lower MIC than that suggested by the manufacturer, except for the A. flavus strain. Sodium hypochlorite was ineffective against three A. fumigatus, three A. flavus and one A. niger isolate. These results demonstrated that all studied disinfectants were effective against environmental isolates, with the exception of sodium hypochlorite, which showed lower effectiveness.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Fungi of the Aspergillus genus are widespread and contaminate the environment. Thousands of conidia are released from each phialide and dispersed in the air every day. These fungi are considered important mycose-causing agents in hospitals. Due to this, research to determine prevalent fungi from the Aspergillus genus in hospital environments, and an adequate disinfection program in these areas is are needed. This study evaluated the susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. isolated from a veterinary environment against four disinfectants. Successive dilutions of disinfectants (log2) were used according to CLSI M38-A2 microdilution technique adapted to chemical agents against 18 isolates of this genus. After 72 hours of incubation, the Minimum Inhibiting Concentration and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration capable of inhibiting 50% and 90% of the isolates were determined. Chlorexidine-cetrimine, benzalconium chloride and a chlorophenol derivative proved to be effective against all isolates with a lower MIC than that suggested by the manufacturer, except for the A. flavus strain. Sodium hypochlorite was ineffective against three A. fumigatus, three A. flavus and one A. niger isolate. These results demonstrated that all studied disinfectants were effective against environmental isolates, with the exception of sodium hypochlorite, which showed lower effectiveness.(AU)

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Introducción: Los micronutrientes hierro (Fe), cobre (Cu) y zinc (Zn) participan en funciones biológicas importantes, tales como el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño, la formación de células sanguíneas, el metabolismo energético y la respuesta inmune. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los niveles plasmáticos de hierro, cobre y zinc es escolares Barí.Métodos: Fueron colectadas muestras de sangre periférica de 42 niños con edades entre 6-12 años, habitantes de la comunidad indígena Barí “Kumanda” en la Sierra de Perijá, Estado Zulia. Se realizó la evaluación nutricional antropométrica por combinación de los indicadores peso/edad, peso/talla y talla/edad. Las concentraciones de Fe, Zn y Cu fueron determinadas mediante espectrometría de absorción atómica. Para el estudio del consumo dietético de los minerales se utilizó como metodología la etnografía focalizada.Resultados: Los niveles plasmáticos de minerales (µg/ml) en la población infantil Barí fueron: Fe 0,44±0,10; Zn 0,32±0,04; Cu 0,76±0,06, sin diferencias entre sexos (p>0,05). El 88,1%, 92,9% y 69,1% de los niños presentaron valores bajos de Fe (<0,50 µg/ml), Zn (<0,70 µg/ml) y Cu (<0,90 µg/ml), respectivamente. La evaluación nutricional antropométrica mostró un 71,4% de los niños Barí con déficit, 26,2% normales y 2,4% con exceso. La ingesta diaria de minerales fue muy deficiente, con adecuaciones de 59,77% (Fe), 7,37% (Zn) y 14,67% (Cu).Conclusión: En la muestra estudiada se encontró deficiencia de hierro, cobre y zinc y elevada prevalencia de desnutrición.

Introduction: The micronutrients iron (Fe), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are involved in important biological functions such as growth and child development, blood cell formation, energy metabolism, and immune response. The purpose of our study was to determine plasma concentrations of iron, copper and zinc in Bari schoolchildren. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 42 children aged 6-12 years in the indigenous Bari community, "Kumanda", in the Perija mountain range of Venezuela's Zulia state. Assessment was performed by combining the anthropometric nutritional indicators of weight/age, weight/height, and height/age. Concentrations of Fe, Zn and Cu were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Focused ethnography was used to study dietary mineral intake. Results: Plasma concentrations of minerals (µg/ml) in Bari children were Fe 0.44±0.10, Zn 0.32±0.04, and Cu 0.76±0.06, with no gender differences (p> 0.05).Low levels of Fe (<0.50 µg/ml) were found in 88.1%, Zn (<0.70 µg/ml) in 92.9%, and Cu (<0.90 µg/ml) in 69.1% of children. Anthropometric nutritional assessment showed 71.4% of Bari children as deficient, 26.2% as normal, and 2.4% overweight. Daily intake of minerals was very poor, reaching 59.77% for Fe, 7.37% for Zn, and 14.67% for Cu. Conclusion: The study sample presented deficiencies of iron, copper, and zinc, with a high prevalence of malnutrition.

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Clinical cases of feline sporotrichosis, originating in the Pelotas region and diagnosed at the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases (UFPel), were studied in the period from 2002 to 2006. The animals were evaluated according to the clinical forms of the mycosis, time of lesion appearance, severity of the clinical diagnosis and evolution of cutaneous lesions throughout the treatment period. Mycological analyses, carried out through direct examination, cultivation of tissue samples and exudates of feline lesions all confirmed the diagnosis of sporotrichosis in the 15 animals under study. The cutaneous dissemination form was observed in 10 animals, of which three showed prostration, anorexia and dehydration. The zoonosis occurred in 20% of case studies, and the pet owners and one attendant at a veterinary clinic were infected, developing the fixed and disseminated cutaneous forms. The treatment of mycosis was carried out with itraconazole, 10 mg kg(-1), once a day, on 12 animals. The cure of the clinical symptoms was observed on 50% of the felines. This study demonstrates a good clinical response of felines with sporotrichosis, when they were treated itraconazole and calls the attention for the incidence of human sporotrichosis on people related to the veterinary activity as well as for pet owners.

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