RESUMO
Manual Reaction Time measures have been widely used to study interactions between perceptual, cognitive, and motor functions. The Stimulus-Response Compatibility is a phenomenon characterized through faster Manual Reaction Times when stimuli and response locations coincide (correspondent condition) than when they are on different sides (noncorrespondent condition). The present study adapted a protocol to study if the Stimulus-Response Compatibility effect can be detected during a virtual combat simulation. Twenty-seven participants were instructed to defend themselves by clicking a key in order to block the presented punch. Videos of two fighters were used, granting two types of basic strokes: the back fist, a punch performed with the dorsal part of the fighter's hand, starting at the opposite side to which it is directed; and the hook punch, performed with a clenched fist starting and finishing ipsilaterally. The Manual Reaction Times were different between the correspondent and noncorrespondent conditions, F(1, 26) = 9.925; p < .004; η2 = .276, with an Stimulus-Response Compatibility effect of 72 ms. Errors were also different, F(1, 26) = 23.199; p < .001; η2 = .472, between the correspondent (13%) and the noncorrespondent conditions (23%). The study concluded that spatial codes presented at the beginning of the punch movement perception substantially influenced the response execution.
Assuntos
Desempenho Psicomotor , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Tempo de Reação/fisiologia , Desempenho Psicomotor/fisiologia , MãosRESUMO
Abstract Aim: This study aims to analyze the perceptions of women who hold leadership positions in sports on female participation as the head coach of the Brazilian women's handball national team. Method: We offer a qualitative case study. The collected data was through in-depth elite interviews. The interviewees' responses were analyzed and interpreted using the construction of categories. Results: The finds show perceptions of the categorization process. Three main categories emerged: 1) Prejudice. The interviewees affirm that the prejudice within the sport has been decreasing over the years. But it remains latent and continues to make difficult the continuity and rise of women in sports. 2) Professional and personal life. The interviewees affirm that Brazil is still a macho country, and even at a lower level, prejudice still exists in the universe of sports. The sport is known as a territory where men produce and demonstrate their masculinity; this favors the perception that coaches are usually men, having specific questions about the women's competence in that position, and that only men would be able to run teams. 3) Competence. The conciliation between family and professional life is a delicate situation, promotes conflicts, and does not favor the rise of women in positions of command. Nevertheless, the difficulty of reconciling personal and professional life, especially in high-performance sports, is necessary to leave home for extended periods for training or competition. Conclusion: The prejudice still is present despite its reduction over the years. The men domain the sports career, and for women, it is necessary to face the glass ceiling and prove their capacity constantly. Women's access to head coach teams, such as the Brazilian adult women's handball national team, is still a significant challenge.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Esportes , Tutoria , Liderança , SexismoRESUMO
Nos tempos atuais das Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TICs) é possível que a escola possa ser um local adequado para a apropriação esclarecida e criativa dos Jogos Eletrônicos (JEs). O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar o perfil do uso de TICs por alunos do ensino fundamental e verificar a relação entre os valores percebidos por esses alunos na prática de JEs com os valores desenvolvidos nas aulas de Educação Física. Um questionário validado por dois professores doutores de Educação Física e dois especialistas na área Informática foi aplicado a 348 alunos. Os resultados indicaram a inserção do uso TICs na cultura dos alunos, e os valores percebidos por esses alunos na prática dos JEs se coadunaram com os valores do esporte desenvolvidos na prática da Educação Física. Os resultados parecem sugerir uma possibilidade de desenvolver valores do esporte integrando a prática da Educação Física com JEs constituintes da cultura desses alunos.
In the present times of Information and Communication Technologies it is possible that the school might be a suitable place for the enlightened and creative appropriation of Electronic Games. The objective of this research was to identify the profile of the use of Information and Communication Technologies for elementary school students and the relation between the values perceived by these students in the practice of Electronic Games with the values developed in the Physical Education classes. A questionnaire validated by two physical education teachers with doctorate and two specialists in Informatics area was applied to 348 students. The results showed the insertion of Information and Communication Technologies use in the culture of the students, and the values perceived by these students in the practice of Electronic Games were related with the values of sport developed in the practice of Physical Education. The results seem to suggest a possibility of developing sport values integrating the practice of physical education with Electronic Games that are part of these students' culture.
En los tiempos actuales de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TICs) es posible que la escuela pueda ser un lugar adecuado para la apropiación esclarecida y creativa de Juegos Electrónicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar el perfil de la utilización de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación por los estudiantes de la escuela primaria y la relación entre los valores percibidos por estos estudiantes en la práctica de Juegos Electrónicos con los valores desarrollados en las clases de Educación Física.Un cuestionario validado por dos doctores profesores de Educación Física y dos especialistas en el área de Informática se aplicó a 348 estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron que la inserción del uso TICs en de las en la cultura de los alumnos, y los valores percibidos por estos alumnos en la práctica de Juegos Electrónicos se aproximaron con los valores del deporte desarrollada en la práctica de la Educación Física. Los resultados parecen sugerir la posibilidad de desarrollar los valores deportivos que integran la práctica de la Educación Física con la cultura de los Juegos Electrónicos de estos estudiantes.