RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the current distribution and training patterns of pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs). STUDY DESIGN: Secondary data analysis from the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners and the 2008 US Census Bureau were used to estimate the distribution of PNPs per 100,000 children. Data on nurse practitioner (NP) graduation and specialty education programs were obtained from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. RESULTS: PNPs have the greatest concentration in the New England and mid-Atlantic regions and a narrow band of Midwestern states. States that allow PNPs to practice or prescribe independently do not consistently have a higher density of PNPs per child population. There has been a slight decrease in the proportion of programs that offer PNP training. In the last decade, the proportion of NP graduates pursuing family nurse practitioner education has increased, and the proportion pursuing PNP education has decreased. CONCLUSION: Workforce planning for the health care of children will require improved methods of assessment of the role of PNPs and the volume of care they provide. Increased use of PNPs in pediatrics will likely require greater effort at recruitment of NPs into the PNP specialty.
Assuntos
Educação/estatística & dados numéricos , Profissionais de Enfermagem/educação , Profissionais de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Área Programática de Saúde , Certificação , Criança , Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Emprego/tendências , Humanos , Pesquisa em Avaliação de Enfermagem/normas , Pesquisa em Avaliação de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Enfermagem/normas , Serviços de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica/educação , Enfermagem Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Enfermagem Pediátrica/tendências , Seleção de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Assistentes Médicos/educação , Assistentes Médicos/normas , Padrões de Prática Médica/organização & administração , Especialidades de Enfermagem/normas , Especialidades de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Despite widespread adolescent alcohol use, research on individual and contextual factors among Mexican adolescents is limited. This study describes the relationship between adolescent risk/protective factors, parent-adolescent communication, and their effects on alcohol use of 14- to 17-year-old adolescents living in Mexico (N = 829; 458 girls, 371 boys). In this study, adolescents reported that 55% ever used alcohol, 24% used alcohol in the past 30 days, and 10% reported binge drinking. Adolescents with high family intimacy were less likely to report ever using alcohol and binge drinking. Regression analysis revealed that parent-adolescent communication mediated the effect of family intimacy on overall and binge drinking. Alcohol use prevention with Mexican adolescents should focus on family intimacy and parent-adolescent communication.