RESUMO
CONTEXT: Orange Jessamine [Murraya paniculata L. (Rutaceae)] has been used worldwide in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and analgesic. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to investigate the in vitro antioxidant, cytotoxic, antibacterial and antifungal activity and the time-kill curve studies of orange jessamine essential oil and ß-caryophyllene, as well as the chemical composition of the essential oil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The cytotoxic activity of M. paniculata and ß-caryophyllene (7.8-500 µg/mL) was evaluated using the MTT assay on normal fibroblasts and hepatoma cells. The minimal inhibitory concentration and time-kill curves (24 h) were evaluated against those of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterococcus faecallis, Aspergillus (niger, fumigates and parasiticum) and F. solani by the broth microdilution method. The antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH and ABTS assays. Chemical composition was evaluated by GC/MS analyses. RESULTS: GC/MS analyses identified 13 compounds, with ß-caryophyllene as the major compound. The oil exhibited moderate antibacterial activity (MIC <1.0 mg/mL) and strong antifungal activity. Time-kill curve studies showed that either the essential oil or ß-caryophyllene presented rapid bacterial killing (4 h for S. aureus) and fungicidal effect (2-4 h for F. solani); however, both displayed weak free radical scavenger capacity. The cytotoxic activity exhibited a prominent selective effect against hepatoma cancer cells (IC50 value =63.7 µg/mL) compared with normal fibroblasts (IC50 value =195.0 µg/mL), whereas the ß-caryophyllene showed low cytotoxicity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The experimental data suggest that the activities of M. paniculata essential oil are due to the synergistic action among its components.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Fusarium/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Murraya/química , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Óleos de Plantas/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/patologia , Fusarium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Camundongos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Óleos Voláteis/isolamento & purificação , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Folhas de Planta , Óleos de Plantas/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais , Sesquiterpenos Policíclicos , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus aureus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Células Swiss 3T3 , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Objetivou-se avaliar o uso de óleo de aroeira-vermelha (OAV) e da suplementação de vitamina E (VitE) sobre a microbiota intestinal de frangos de corte. Utilizou-se 400 pintos de corte distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em grupos de cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições: dieta sem antimicrobiano; dieta com antimicrobiano; dieta com 0,4% OAV; dieta com 200mg de VitE kg-1; dieta com 0,4% OAV e 200mg de VitE kg-1. A adição de OAV reduziu o peso relativo dos intestinos (P<0,05). Verificou-se que o controle negativo teve a menor contagem de bactérias do gênero Lactobacillus spp. em contraste com os demais grupos (P<0,05). Observou-se que o uso de OAV com ou sem adição de VitE reduziu significativamente a contagem de bactérias do gênero Staphylococcus spp e E. coli, quando comparado com o grupo não tratado com o promotor de crescimento (P<0,05). Para os Staphylococcus spp coagulase-positivos, verificou-se que a concentração inibitória mínima foi de 14,72-117,75mg mL-1 para amostras isoladas de frangos de corte tratados com OAV + VitE, enquanto que para tratados com ou sem promotor de crescimento foi de 117,75 e de 29,44-235,5mg mL-1. Concluiu-se que a inclusão de OAV resultou em modulação da microbiota intestinal.
The aim was to evaluate the supplementation of pink pepper oil (PPO) and vitamin E on the intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens. A total of 400 day-old male chicks distributed in a randomized design in groups of five treatments and five replicates: diet without antimicrobial; diet with antimicrobial; diet with 0.4% PPO; diet with 200mg vitamin E kg-1; diet with 0.4% PPO and 200mg vitamin E kg-1 The supply of PPO in the diet reduced the relative weight of the intestines (P<0.05). It was verified that the negative control group had the lowest bacteria count of Lactobacillus in contrast to the other groups (P<0.05). It was also observed that the use of PPO with or without vitamin E supplementation significantly reduced the bacterial count of Staphylococcus spp and E. coli when compared with the untreated group with the growth promoter (P<0.05). For Staphylococcus spp. coagulase-positive, it was found that the minimum inhibitory concentration was 14,72-117,75mg mL-1 for isolates from broilers treated with PPO + vitamin E, while for treated with or without growth promoter was 117.75 and 29,44-235,5mg mL-1. It was concluded that the inclusion of PPO resulted in modulation of intestinal microbiota.