RESUMO
Antecedentes: El modelo por competencias plantea que lo más importante es poseer elementos para la solución de problemas, ya que una preparación en abstracto no cuenta con suficientes herramientas para solucionarlos. Para ello utiliza competencias centrales y auxiliares que están vinculadas a valores destacando las actitudes. Para explorar estas competencias se hizo el presente estudio. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo. Se aplicó una encuesta anónima con datos del perfil de médicos residentes de Ortopedia y Traumatología que contenía 14 preguntas que se aplicaron a residentes que cursan diferentes grados académicos. Resultados: En la encuesta participaron 24 residentes de los 35 registrados en el curso. En 100% de ellos aceptó responder la encuesta, 54% cursaban el segundo grado, 29% primer grado y 17% cuarto grado. El 75% manifestó desarrollo de competencias auxiliares, 13% no respondió, 8% desarrollaron competencias centrales y 4% lo ignora. Conclusiones: Se manifestaron tres factores principales que influyen negativamente para mejorar el saber hacer en Ortopedia. El más relevante es que los médicos residentes describen una mala actitud de los médicos adscritos, falta de disponibilidad para enseñar y la mala relación interpersonal entre ellos. Se debe crear conciencia en los especialistas en formación de Ortopedia, que poseer sólo conocimientos y habilidades no es suficiente para abordar integralmente los problemas de salud para cada paciente, ya que se debe motivar el desarrollo de mejores competencias, en especial las centrales.
Background: The competence model states that what is most important is to have the elements to solve problems since abstract training does not provide enough tools to solve them. Therefore, it uses key and auxiliary competences that are linked to values such as attitudes. This study was performed to explore these competences. Material and methods: This is a cross sectional, observational and descriptive trial. An anonymous survey with profile data of Orthopedics and Trauma residents was given, it contained 14 questions for residents of different academic levels. Results: 24 residents participated out of the 35 registered in the course. 100% agreed to answer the survey, 54% was in the second year, 29% in the first year and 17% in the fourth year. 75% expressed auxiliary competences, 13% did not respond, 8% developed key competences and 4% don't know. Conclusions: Three main factors that are a negative influence to improve the knowledge of orthopedics were expressed. The most relevant is that residents describe a bad attitude from attending physicians, lack of willingness to teach and poor interpersonal relationships. Awareness should be raised among orthopedics specialists so they understand that having the knowledge and skills is not enough to approach health issues in a comprehensive manner for each patient and the development of better competences should be fostered, especially key competences.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Competência Clínica , Internato e Residência , Ortopedia/educação , Estudos Transversais , Hospitais , México , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The competence model states that what is most important is to have the elements to solve problems since abstract training does not provide enough tools to solve them. Therefore, it uses key and auxiliary competences that are linked to values such as attitudes. This study was performed to explore these competences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross sectional, observational and descriptive trial. An anonymous survey with profile data of Orthopedics and Trauma residents was given, it contained 14 questions for residents of different academic levels. RESULTS: 24 residents participated out of the 35 registered in the course. 100% agreed to answer the survey, 54% was in the second year, 29% in the first year and 17% in the fourth year. 75% expressed auxiliary competences, 13% did not respond, 8% developed key competences and 4% don't know. CONCLUSIONS: Three main factors that are a negative influence to improve the knowledge of orthopedics were expressed. The most relevant is that residents describe a bad attitude from attending physicians, lack of willingness to teach and, poor interpersonal relationships. Awareness should be raised among orthopedics specialists so they understand that having the knowledge and skills is not enough to approach health issues in a comprehensive manner for each patient and the development of better competences should be fostered, especially key competences.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Internato e Residência , Ortopedia/educação , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , México , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
This work deals with the assessment of different parameterization techniques for lung sounds (LS) acquired on the whole posterior thoracic surface for normal versus abnormal LS classification. Besides the conventional technique of power spectral density (PSD), the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix and both the univariate autoregressive (UAR) and the multivariate autoregressive models (MAR) were applied for constructing feature vectors as input to a supervised neural network (SNN). The results showed the effectiveness of the UAR modeling for multichannel LS parameterization, using new data, with classification accuracy of 75% and 93% for healthy subjects and patients, respectively.