RESUMO
The literature on entrepreneurship and technology transfer highlights several factors that impact the creation of university Spin-Offs. However, there is a limited body of research that specifically explores the impact of university-industry collaborations on the performance creation of these spinoffs. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the effects of university-industry collaborations on the creation of Spin-Offs from two perspectives: the number of university collaborations with different companies and the number of previous collaborations between the same university-industry dyad. The research employs joint patents as a source to measure the university-industry collaborations and statistical methods to empirically examine the impact of these collaborations on Spin-Off creation. The study is based on data from 108 universities between the years 2014 and 2017. The findings of this study reveal that both the number of collaborations and specially the presence of previous collaborations between the university and industry have a positive effect on the creation of Spin-Offs. These results suggest that universities and companies should consider these findings when formulating their strategies or policies for technology transfer and innovation management by encouraging university-industry collaborations.
RESUMO
The citrus agro-industry is one of the world's most important agricultural sectors. The Persian lime is one of six citrus fruit groups with economic significance. The technological lifecycle of Persian lime sector is assessed in this study using the growth S-curve approach. The objective is to depict the technology life cycle trajectory and current stage of the Persian lime citrus fruit, as well as each of its value chain phases, in order to facilitate better decision-making and technological strategies. The study uses technological patents collected from the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) database from 1975 to 2009. The S-curve model of Persian lime and its value chain stages is generated using logistic mathematical regression. According to the findings of this study, Persian lime is in the maturity stage of the technology life cycle. As a result, the primary strategy could be cost reduction, process innovation, and price strategies to capitalize on market opportunities. When compared to other value chain phases, the transformation phase has the highest number of patents according to the value chain analysis and it is the unique value chain phase with statistical significance in the model. The transformation phase is also at the maturity stage of the technology life cycle. This creates opportunities in two ways: first, to adopt previously developed technologies in the transformation phase and improve process efficiency to reduce costs; and second, to reinforce innovative technological efforts in other phases of the Persian lime value chain, such as growth, harvest, or post-harvest.
RESUMO
El artículo responde a las preguntas: ¿Cuáles son las prácticas que aplican las organizaciones de servicios para facilitar la construcción y desarrollo de su capacidad de innovación? y ¿Las unidades financieras de IES públicas en Colombia, aplican tales prácticas? El problema se fundamenta en estudios sobre desfinanciación de la Educación Superior (ES) y la necesidad de innovar en las fuentes de ingresos. Las IES demandan la capacidad para responder a la dinámica del entorno, requerimientos de calidad, cobertura, tecnología etc. Por medio de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, este estudio caracteriza prácticas identificadas en artículos científicos que mejoraron la capacidad de innovación en organizaciones de servicios; y realiza un diagnóstico del porcentaje de IES que las aplican. Se hace evidente en el estudio, que el nivel de autonomía de las IES influye en la aplicación de las prácticas.
The article answers the questions: What are the practices applied by service organizations to facilitate the construction and development of their innovation capacity? Do financial units and public higher education institutions in Colombia, apply the practices? The problem is based on studies of de-funding of Higher Education (HE) and the need to innovate in revenue. The HEI demand the ability to respond to the dynamics of the environment, quality requirements, coverage, technology etc. Through a systematic review of the literature This study characterizes practices identified in scientific articles that enhanced the capacity of innovation in service organizations and performs a diagnosis of the percentage of HEI that apply It is evident from the study that the level of autonomy of HEIs influences the practices implementation.
O artigo responde as perguntas: Quais são as práticas aplicadas pelas organizações de serviço para facilitar a construção e desenvolvimento de sua capacidade de inovação? As unidades financeiras e instituições de ensino público superior na Colômbia, aplicar tais práticas? O problema é baseada em estudos de de-financiamento do Ensino Superior (ES) ea necessidade de inovar em fontes de renda. A IES exigir a capacidade de responder À dinâmica do ambiente, requisitos de qualidade, a cobertura, tecnologia etc. Através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, este estudo caracteriza práticas identificadas em artigos científicos que aumenta a capacidade de inovação nas organizações de serviços; e efectua um diagnóstico de a percentagem de AIS que se aplicam. É evidente a partir do estudo que o nível de autonomia das instituições de ensino superior influencia a implementação de práticas.