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BACKGROUND: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (ANMDARE) is a neuroimmunological disorder that frequently improves with immunotherapy. Symptomatic treatment with antipsychotics is common in the early stages when psychiatric symptoms predominate, and their use has been associated with serious side effects including neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). The observation of an adverse response to antipsychotics, raising the suspicion of NMS, has been included as a criterion for possible autoimmune psychosis. METHODS: This case-control study included patients who received antipsychotics before referral to the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico, where they were diagnosed as having definite ANMDARE, and patients with ANMDARE who did not receive antipsychotics before referral. The neurologic and systemic features that are used to measure an adverse response to antipsychotics, raising the suspicion of NMS, were measured in both groups, including akinesia, autonomic instability, generalized rigidity, elevated concentrations of creatine phosphokinase, and hyperthermia. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the previous use of antipsychotics and the occurrence of NMS-like reactions. RESULTS: A total sample of 112 patients with definite ANMDARE were included in the study. Fifty patients received antipsychotics before being referred to our institution. In this group, thirty-six patients (72%) were initially classified as having an adverse response, raising the suspicion of NMS, with the following features: akinesia (64%), autonomic instability (58%), generalized rigidity (52%), elevated concentrations of creatine phosphokinase (50%), and hyperthermia (14%). Six patients fulfilled the criteria for NMS (12%). The comparison with patients who did not receive antipsychotics before the clinical assessment did not show a significant difference between groups regarding the frequency of akinesia, autonomic instability, generalized rigidity, elevated concentrations of creatine phosphokinase, or hyperthermia. Among different antipsychotics, only haloperidol was significantly associated with generalized rigidity as compared to patients who did not receive antipsychotics. CONCLUSIONS: Our study supports previous observations about the high frequency of autonomic dysfunction, hyperthermia, tachycardia, rigidity, and elevated creatine phosphokinase levels in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis following the administration of antipsychotic medications. Nevertheless, our study does not suggest a causal link between atypical antipsychotics and the onset of these neurological symptoms, as they were equally frequent among the group of patients who did not receive antipsychotic treatment.
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Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato , Antipsicóticos , Síndrome Maligna Neuroléptica , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Encefalite Antirreceptor de N-Metil-D-Aspartato/complicações , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , México/epidemiologia , Síndrome Maligna Neuroléptica/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome Maligna Neuroléptica/etiologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was twofold: (1) evaluate the effect of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on expression levels of AQP3 and Notch1 genes in HaCaT cells exposed "in vitro" and (2) investigate the possible biological role of assessed genes by bioinformatics methods. Cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of BaP (0.0-4.0 µM) for 1-4 days. After treatments, cell viability and expression levels of AhR, CYP1A1, AQP3, and Notch1 genes were evaluated. The possible biological role of assessed genes was evaluated using bioinformatics tools. Low cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells dosed with BaP was detected. A significant overexpression (p < .05) of CYP1A1, AQP3, and Notch1 was found in exposed HaCaT cells. The gene expression upregulation was dependent on AhR activation. The bioinformatics analysis showed that these genes were enriched in related cancer signaling pathways. The findings suggest that AQP3 and Notch1 are upregulated by AhR activation in HaCaT cells exposed to BaP.
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Benzo(a)pireno , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1 , Humanos , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/genética , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1/metabolismo , Benzo(a)pireno/metabolismo , Células HaCaT , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/genética , Receptores de Hidrocarboneto Arílico/metabolismo , Regulação para CimaRESUMO
We aimed to report the results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 related to respiratory malignant tumors (tracheal, bronchial, and lung) in Mexico. We also evaluated the relationship between the burden of these neoplasms and the proportion of daily smokers and total lead emissions in 2019. A cross-sectional analysis of ecological data was performed. The burden of these tumors was 152,189 disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and years of life lost (YLL) contributed to 99% of them. The highest DALYs rates (per 100,000) were observed in the states of Sinaloa, Chihuahua, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Nayarit. We documented a linear relationship between the DALYs rates and the prevalence of daily smokers (ß = 8.50, 95% CI 1.58-15.38) and the total lead emissions (tons/year: ß = 4.04, 95% CI 0.07-8.01). If later replicated, our study would provide insight into the major relevance of regulating tobacco use and the activities associated with the production of lead dust and other hazardous contaminants.
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Environmental and genetic factors are recognized as risk determinants in the onset and development of CVDs. However, the interaction between both factors on CVDs risk is not still completely clarified. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure (gene-environment interaction) on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in Mexican women. A cross-sectional study was completed with the participation of 390 healthy women. For all enrolled women, anthropometric measurements, serum biochemical analyses, atherogenic indexes, and serum concentrations of biomolecules used as CVD risk biomarkers were obtained. 1-Hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) was measured in urine, as an exposure biomarker of PAHs. The mean urinary level of 1-OHP in the assessed population was 1.23 ± 1.40 µmol/mol creatinine. The allelic frequency (MTHFR C677T polymorphism) identified in the registered individuals was 68.0% for the mutant allele (T-allele). Significant positive associations were detected between urinary 1-OHP levels and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations (p < 0.05) and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) values (p < 0.05). Also, women with the TT genotype of the MTHFR C677T enzyme have the highest serum ADMA levels (p < 0.05) and AIP values (p < 0.05) compared to women grouped as CC genotype and CT genotype. Besides, the findings in this study suggest an interaction between environmental (PAHs exposure) and genetic (MTHFR C677T polymorphism) factors on cardiovascular risk markers (ADMA and AIP). According to the usefulness of AIP and ADMA, an increased cardiovascular risk is notable in highly exposed individuals to PAHs with the polymorphic genotype (TT) of the MTHFR enzyme. Therefore, intervention programs in the target communities are required to diminish the cardiovascular risk of the assessed individuals.
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Doenças Cardiovasculares , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Biomarcadores , Doenças Cardiovasculares/etiologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Genótipo , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Humanos , Metilenotetra-Hidrofolato Redutase (NADPH2)/genética , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
With the advent of the description of autoimmune encephalitis by different neuronal cell-surface antibodies (anti-NMDAr, among others) and that psychosis may be the only manifestation without neurological symptoms (epilepsy, movement disorders, autonomic dysfunction, altered state of consciousness) in 6.5 % of patients, the term "autoimmune psychosis" has become remarkably interesting among researchers. In 2020, an international consensus for the description and diagnostic approach of autoimmune psychosis was created. Through this consensus, by taking different criteria into account, the definition of autoimmune psychosis was proposed at different degrees of certainty (possible, probable, and defined). The purpose of these criteria is to underpin the autoimmune origin in patients who present psychosis with atypical characteristics, thus justifying the realization of laboratory studies and complementary clinical tests (lumbar puncture, electroencephalogram, and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain); in addition, these criteria are applied in patients with psychosis without neurological symptoms that do not fully meet the criteria of autoimmune encephalitis. As in autoimmune encephalitis, the early initiation of immunotherapy has a direct impact on the functional prognosis of patients, so an early initiation of treatment must be considered in clinical scenarios of probable or definite autoimmune psychosis.
Con el advenimiento de la descripción de las encefalitis autoinmunes por diferentes anticuerpos neuronales de superficie (anti-NMDAr, entre otros) y que la psicosis puede ser la única manifestación sin síntomas neurológicos (epilepsia, alteraciones del movimiento, disautonomías, alteración del despierto) en 6.5 % de los pacientes, el término psicosis autoinmune ha retomado gran interés entre los investigadores. En 2020 se creó un consenso internacional para la descripción del término "psicosis autoinmune" y su abordaje diagnóstico. A través de este consenso, considerando diferentes criterios, se propone la definición de psicosis autoinmune en diferentes grados de certeza (posible, probable y definida). La finalidad de estos criterios es sustentar el origen autoinmune en pacientes que presenta psicosis con características atípicas, justificando así la realización de estudios de laboratorio y gabinete complementarios (punción lumbar, electroencefalograma, imagen de resonancia magnética de encéfalo); además, estos criterios se aplican a pacientes con psicosis sin síntomas neurológicos que no cumplen completamente con los criterios de encefalitis autoinmune. El inicio temprano de la inmunoterapia impacta directamente en el pronóstico funcional de los pacientes; se debe considerar el inicio temprano de tratamiento en cuadros clínicos de psicosis autoinmune probable o definida.
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Encefalite , Doença de Hashimoto , Transtornos Psicóticos , Autoanticorpos , Encefalite/psicologia , Doença de Hashimoto/psicologia , Humanos , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/imunologia , Receptores de N-Metil-D-AspartatoRESUMO
Background Delirium has a prevalence of 14%-56% in hospitalized patients. Risk factors include advanced age, invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and prolonged intensive care unit stay. Neuropsychiatric symptoms have been reported to be related to autoimmune responses secondary to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) with direct involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) or to delirium. There are few reports of the frequency of delirium in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Objective To describe the frequency of and the characteristics associated with delirium in patients with GBS. Material and methods A single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with GBS diagnosis between 2015 and 2019. The diagnosis of delirium was made using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria. We compared patients with and without delirium. We performed both univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors associated with delirium. Results A total of 154 patients with GBS were included, of which 20 (12.9%) fulfilled the DSM-5 criteria for delirium. The mean age was 48 ± 18.2 years, the median Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score was 29.3 ± 21.9 points, 65% had bulbar cranial nerve involvement, 80% presented autonomic dysfunction, 85% had ICU stay, and 90% had mechanical ventilation requirement. In the multivariate analysis, the following were the independent factors for the development of delirium: age ≥ 60 (odds ratio (OR): 5.7; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-23.5), time from symptom onset to admission ≤ 3 days (OR: 4.3; 95% CI: 1.1-16.8), autonomic dysfunction (OR: 13.1; 95% CI: 3-56), and intensive care unit stay (OR: 9.5; 95% CI: 2.1-42.6). Conclusion Delirium is not frequent in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Patients with advanced age, rapid motor progression, bulbar cranial nerve involvement, prolonged intensive care unit stay, and mechanical ventilation need are more likely to present delirium.
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The environmental contamination with lead (Pb) is considered a critical issue worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of circulating miRNAs (miR-155, miR-126, and miR-145) in Mexican women exposed to Pb. Blood lead levels (BLL) were assessed in enrolled women (n = 190) using an atomic absorption method. Also, serum miRNAs expression levels were quantified through a real-time PCR assay. A mean BLL of 10.5 ± 4.50 µg/dL was detected. Overexpression of miR-155 was detected in highly exposed women. Besides, a significant simple positive relationship (p < 0.05) was found between BLL and serum miR-155 expression levels. Additionally, a significant inverse correlation (p < 0.05) was determined between BLL and serum miR-126 expression levels, as downregulation of miR-126 expression levels was observed in highly exposed women. The findings in this study are the concern, as epigenetic changes detected may represent a connection between health illnesses and Pb exposure.
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Poluentes Ambientais/sangue , Chumbo/sangue , MicroRNAs/sangue , Adulto , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Epigênese Genética , Feminino , Humanos , México , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary cause of death worldwide. However, little is known about how the interaction between risk factors affects CVDs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the gene-environment interaction (arsenic exposure x PON1 Q192R polymorphism) on serum levels of CVDs biomarkers in Mexican women. Urinary arsenic levels (UAs) ranged from 5.50-145 µg/g creatinine. The allele frequency was 0.38 and 0.62 for the Q and R alleles, respectively. Moreover, significant associations (p<0.05) were detected between UAs and CVDs biomarkers (ADMA, FABP4, and miR-155). Comparable data were found when CVDs biomarkers were evaluated through PON1 genotype, significant (p<0.05) higher serum concentrations of CVDs biomarkers were identified in R allele carriers compared to levels found in Q allele carriers. Besides, a gene-environment interaction was documented. The results of this study we believe should be of significant interest to regulatory authorities worldwide.
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Arsênio/urina , Arildialquilfosfatase/genética , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Poluentes Ambientais/urina , Interação Gene-Ambiente , Adulto , Idoso , Alelos , Monitoramento Biológico , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/sangue , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , México , MicroRNAs/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A major public health concern in Mexico is the natural contamination of groundwater with fluoride and arsenic. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the magnitude of human health risk after determining fluoride and arsenic concentrations in groundwater samples (n = 50) from the Metropolitan area of the city of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Fluoride levels in water were determined via a potentiometric method using an ion-selective electrode. Arsenic concentrations in water samples were determined with an Atomic Absorption technique. Subsequently, a probabilistic health risk assessment was developed (Monte Carlo Analysis). Fluoride levels in water ranged from 0.20 to 3.50 mg/L. For arsenic, the mean level found in the assessed water samples was 15.5 ± 5.50 µg/L (range: 2.50-30.0 µg/L). In addition, when the probabilistic health risk assessment was completed, a mean HI (cumulative hazardous index) of higher than 1 was detected, indicating a high NCR (non-carcinogenic risk) for children and adults. According to the results found in this study, exposure protection campaigns are imperative in the Metropolitan area of the city of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, to successfully diminish exposure to arsenic and fluoride and, as a consequence, decrease the NCR in the population living in that region of Mexico.
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Arsênio , Água Potável , Adulto , Arsênio/análise , Criança , Cidades , Água Potável/análise , Monitoramento Ambiental , Fluoretos/análise , Humanos , México , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
Human paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a hydrolytic enzyme related in the onset, establishment, and progression of inflammatory illnesses, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therefore, the primary goal of this investigation was to determinate the influence of the PON1 gene polymorphism (Q192R) on prognostic biomarkers of CVD in women (n = 350) from San Luis Potosi, Mexico. For everyone enrolled, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical measurements were acquired. Q192R polymorphism of the PON1 gene was assessed by real-time PCR using TaqMan probes. Also, quantification and/or calculation of suggested predictive CVD biomarkers were completed. The association between PON1(Q192R) polymorphism with clinical predictive CVD biomarkers was assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Genotype PON1 (Q192R) frequencies were: 18%, 47% and 35% for QQ, QR, and RR, respectively. Besides, the frequency of the variant R allele was 0.58. Furthermore, robust significant associations were found between PON1 (Q192R) polymorphism with serum ADMA [OR (95% CI); 3.50 (1.20-5.00), p < 0.01]; FABP4 [2.50 (2.15-3.95), p < 0.01]; and miR-126 [1.50 (1.15-2.00), p < 0.01] levels after adjusting for probable confounders. Data found in this research strongly support the notion that proposes a crucial role of PON1 enzyme (Q192R polymorphism) as a genetic determinant in the CVD risk in Mexican women.
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Arildialquilfosfatase/genética , Doenças Cardiovasculares/genética , Fatores de Risco de Doenças Cardíacas , Adulto , Arginina/análogos & derivados , Arginina/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/sangue , Feminino , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Masculino , México , MicroRNAs/sangue , Polimorfismo Genético , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The aim of this research was to investigate circulating expression levels of three miRNAs (miR-126, miR-155, and miR-145) proposed as predictive CVD biomarkers in Mexican women exposed to inorganic arsenic via drinking water. Mean UAs concentration of 19.5 ± 14.0 µg/g creatinine was found after urine samples were analyzed (n = 105). Significant associations between UAs levels and serum expression levels of miR-155 (p < 0.05) and miR-126 (p < 0.05) were observed after adjustment for assessed co-variables. Alterations in the serum expression levels of miR-155 and miR-126 may be associated with the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases, hence miRNAs could be proposed as prognostic CVD biomarkers. Data found in this study are of concern and risk reduction plans are necessary for the assessed communities to prevent cardiovascular events in this population of women.
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Arsênio/urina , Exposição Ambiental/análise , MicroRNAs/sangue , Poluentes Químicos da Água/urina , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Água Potável , Feminino , Humanos , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been considered a risk determinant for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess expression levels of vascular-related miRNAs, miR-126, miR-155, and miR-145, in plasma from women (aged 19-81 years) exposed (n = 100) and non-exposed (n = 20) to PAHs via biomass combustion smoke.1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) was determined in urine as a biomarker of exposure to PAHs using high-resolution liquid chromatography. Plasma expression levels of proposed miRNAs were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Additionally, traditional risk factors (age, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, blood glucose, and among others) associated with CVD were evaluated. Urinary 1-OHP concentrations and plasma expression levels of miR-126 and miR-155 were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in women using wood as a fuel source in their homes (indoor) compared to women from the reference group (non-exposed to biomass smoke). Besides, multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that miR-126[ß = 0.61; 95% confidence interval (0.32-0.90)] and miR-155 [ß = 0.45; 95% confidence interval (0.13-0.84)] expression levels were significantly associated with urinary 1-OHP concentrations after being adjusted by traditional risk factors (P < 0.05). In contrast, no significant relationship was found between miR-145 and urinary 1-OHP levels. Furthermore, miRNAs assessed in this investigation are associated with CVD events. Consequently, actions to reduce exposure to PAHs in the evaluated population are warranted. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:546-558, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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MicroRNA Circulante/genética , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Biomassa , Estudos Transversais , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pirenos/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Risco , Fumaça/efeitos adversos , Madeira/efeitos adversos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Health complications have been associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) exposure, a widespread environmental pollutants family. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to develop a probabilistic health risk evaluation (using Monte-Carlo simulation) in an infantile population living in areas with a high risk of pollution by PAHs (indoor wood combustion, brick kiln industry, municipal landfill, and low and high vehicular traffic) in Mexico. Urine samples were obtained from Mexican children (n = 135) and urinary 1-OHP concentrations (used as a PAHs biomarker) were quantified. Highest urinary 1-OHP concentrations were detected in children living in areas that use wood combustion as the principal indoor fuel (3.50 ± 0.95 µg/L). Nevertheless, estimated hazard quotients (HQ) lower than 1 were found in all assessed sites after Monte-Carlo analysis. Although HQ <1.0 (a toxic effect is not expected), more data are necessary to determine the real impact of PAHs exposure on children health status.
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Poluentes Atmosféricos , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Pirenos/urina , Criança , Monitoramento Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
An appropriate and precise identification of high-risk individuals to develop cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is of high importance to reduce these kinds of diseases, a major health concern worldwide. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate prognostic CVD biomarkers in Mexican women exposed to inorganic arsenic via drinking water. Then, a cross-sectional study including 190 women was achieved. Urinary arsenic (UAs) levels were analyzed as exposure biomarker to that metalloid. While, plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4), adiponectin, and chemerin levels, hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and Framingham risk score (FRS) were assessed as prognostic CVD biomarkers. Mean UAs level detected in the evaluated urinary samples was 45.0⯱â¯40.0⯵g/g creatinine. In addition, mean plasma ADMA, FABP4, chemerin and adiponectin levels were 0.68⯵mol/L, 20.3â¯ng/mL, 12.5⯵g/mL, and 255â¯ng/mL, correspondingly. Approximately, 54% of women participants displayed an HW phenotype. Regarding AIP and FRS values, 0.12⯱â¯0.15 and 7.50⯱â¯8.00 were found, respectively. Besides, strong and significant associations (pâ¯<â¯0.05) between UAs and AIP, ADMA, and FABP4 were distinguished. Also, after a multivariate analysis, the association between those variables persisted after adjustment for traditional risk factors of CVD. In conclusion, according to the results found in this research, the most sensible CVD biomarkers distinguished in this study were AIP, ADMA, and FABP4. Nevertheless, more studies are necessary to confirm the results found in this investigation.
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Arsênio/toxicidade , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Adulto , Idoso , Arginina/análogos & derivados , Arginina/sangue , Arsênio/urina , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/urina , Estudos Transversais , Água Potável/análise , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Poluentes Químicos da Água/urinaRESUMO
Household air pollution has been associated as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the expression of vascular inflammation regulators miR-126 and miR-155 in plasma from women that cook with wood and women that cook with liquid petroleum gas (LPG). A cumulative index of exposure to smoke (CIES) was estimated, urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) levels were quantified and miRNAs expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Biochemical clinical parameters were also evaluated. The average values for CIES and 1-OHP were 140 ± 86.8 hours-years (12.0-270 hours-years) and 0.52 ± 0.45 µmol/mol creatinine, respectively. miR-126 and miR-155 expression levels were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the wood users compared to LPG users. Besides, we found a significant association (p < 0.01) between miR-126 and miR-155 expression levels and CIES and urinary 1-OHP concentrations. These results contribute to the current evidence about the cardiovascular risk related to biomass smoke exposure, from an epigenetic level.
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Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Exposição por Inalação/análise , MicroRNAs/sangue , Fumaça/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Culinária , Creatinina/urina , Feminino , Humanos , México , Projetos Piloto , Madeira/químicaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to perform a polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exposure assessment using blood samples collected from children living in the metropolitan area of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (GDL). Five congeners of PBDEs were analyzed using a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique. The blood concentrations of total PBDEs ranged from 5.50 to 169 ng/g lipid (42.0 ± 18.0 ng/g lipid; mean ± standard deviation). Regarding BDE congeners, the main congener (highest blood levels) was BDE99 (14.5 ± 5.50 ng/g lipid), followed by BDE100 (9.80 ± 3.40 ng/g lipid) and BDE154 (9.80 ± 5.90 ng/g lipid), and finally BDE153 (5.80 ± 2.30 ng/g lipid) and BDE47 (2.20 ± 1.20 ng/g lipid). In conclusion, blood PBDEs concentrations of concern were detected in this study, as blood levels were similar to the ones found in North America (the highest worldwide).
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Poluentes Ambientais/sangue , Retardadores de Chama/análise , Éteres Difenil Halogenados/sangue , Criança , Cidades , Monitoramento Ambiental , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , MéxicoRESUMO
The purpose of this study was to evaluate lead exposure and its relationship with serum levels of predictive CVD biomarkers [asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4), adiponectin, and chemerin] in women living in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. A mean blood lead level (BLL) of 11.5 ± 9.00 µg/dL (mean ± standard deviation) was found after all blood samples were analyzed. Regarding serum predictive CVD biomarkers, mean serum level of 0.68 ± 0.38 µmol/L, 20.5 ± 16.5 ng/mL, 12.5 ± 3.30 µg/mL, and 255 ± 130 ng/mL were found for ADMA, FABP4, adiponectin, and chemerin, respectively. Simple significant associations (Pearson´s correlations) between BLL and ADMA (r = 0.17; p = 0.04) and FABP4 (r = 0.23; p = 0.03) were found. Furthermore, a multivariate linear regression model showed that BLL was a significant predictor of serum ADMA (ß = 0.06; p = 0.001) and FABP4 (ß = 1.75; p = 0.0004) concentrations after adjusting by confounders. For serum chemerin and adiponectin levels, no associations were found with BLL. In conclusion, high serum ADMA and FABP4 (predictive CVD biomarkers) levels were found in women exposed to lead. Consequently, this research can be used as a point of departure for the prevention of CVD events in populations living in sites environmentally impacted with lead.
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Arginina/análogos & derivados , Biomarcadores/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/sangue , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/sangue , Chumbo/sangue , Adiponectina/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Arginina/sangue , Doenças Cardiovasculares/induzido quimicamente , Quimiocinas/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Feminino , Humanos , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intercelular/sangue , Chumbo/toxicidade , Masculino , México , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
El Asma es una de las enfermedades crónicas más frecuentes como causa de morbilidad y mortalidad a nivel mundial. Existe evidencia que la prevalencia durante los últimos 20 años ha ido en aumento, especialmente en niños. La misma varía desde el 1% hasta más del 30% en las diferentes poblaciones, inclusive, según los últimos estudios esta prevalencia va en aumento en la gran mayoría de los países, especialmente en niños jóvenes (AU). Se presenta la fisiopatogenia del asma, diagnóstico, anamnesis, examen físico y complementarios, clasificación, esquema de tratamiento, niveles de control del asma, tratamiento farmacológico, un cuadro de la estimación de gravedad de la crisis de asma, y un algoritmo de tratamiento de la crisis según su gravedad
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Criança , Asma , Estado Asmático , Estado Asmático/terapia , Asma/classificação , Asma/terapiaRESUMO
Recently, a great number of epidemiological studies have shown evidence that exposure to inorganic arsenic could have harmful effects on the cardiovascular system of humans. However, the underlying mechanisms through which arsenic induces cardiovascular toxic effects remain unclear. In this regard, epigenetic mechanisms have emerged as a probable connection between environment and disease phenotypes, including cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate epigenetic changes related to cardiotoxicity (miR-126 and miR-155 expression levels) in children from San Luis Potosi, Mexico exposed to inorganic arsenic. From 2014 to 2015, in a cross-sectional study, children (aged 6-12 years; n = 73) attending public schools at the studied sites were enrolled to take part in this study. Urinary arsenic was used as an exposure biomarker and analyzed by an atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. On the other hand, miR-126 and miR-155 expression levels were evaluated by qRT-PCR. A mean urinary arsenic level of 30.5 ± 25.5 µg/g of creatinine was found. Moreover, the data showed a significant negative association (p < 0.05) between urinary arsenic concentrations and plasma miR-126 levels. However, an association between urinary arsenic concentrations and plasma miR-155 levels was not found (p > 0.05). In this regard, some investigations have shown an association between diminished plasma miR-126 levels and cardiovascular illnesses. The results found in this study are of concern. However, more similar studies including a larger sample size are necessary in order to clarify the real significance of the data.
Assuntos
Arsênio/urina , Água Potável/química , Exposição Ambiental/análise , Epigênese Genética/efeitos dos fármacos , MicroRNAs/genética , Poluentes Químicos da Água/urina , Arsênio/toxicidade , Biomarcadores/urina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidadeRESUMO
It has been demonstrated that Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) are a consequence of the combination of genetic and environmental factors and/or the interaction between them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) exposure and PON1 Q192R polymorphism (genetic susceptibility) on serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in Mexican women (n = 206). Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations (1-OHP; exposure biomarker for PAHs) were quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography technique, PON1 Q192R polymorphism was genotyped using TaqMan probes and serum ADMA concentrations were evaluated using a commercially available ELISA kit. Urinary 1-OHP levels detected in this study ranged from 0.07 to 9.37 µmol/mol of creatinine (0.13-18.0 µg/g of creatinine). Regarding allele frequency (PON1 Q192R polymorphism), the 192Q-allele frequency was 0.43 and for the 192R-allele it was 0.57. In relation to serum ADMA levels, the levels ranged from 0.06 to 1.46 µmol/L. Moreover, multiple linear regression analysis was performed and associations between urinary 1-OHP levels (ß = 0.05, p = 0.002), PON1 Q192R polymorphism (ß = 0.04, p = 0.003) and serum ADMA concentrations were found. Besides, an interaction (gene-environment interaction) of both independent variables (1-OHP and PON1 polymorphism) on serum ADMA levels was found (ß = 0.04, p = 0.02) in the constructed multiple linear model. Therefore, according to the significance of this research, it is necessary to execute health programs to reduce cardiovascular risk in the assessed population.