RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Identify attitudes and behaviors that evidence and characterize family adherence to treatment in patients with severe mental disorder. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive, from an interpretative social approach. LOCATION: Chia, Colombia, with professionals in the psychiatric and geriatric settings. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve professionals in psychiatry, nursing and psychology, with experience in care of patients with serious mental disorder and their families. METHOD: Intentional sampling. Twelve semi-structured interviews were carried out. The analysis strategy was made from the procedures of constant comparison and open coding of the grounded theory. As validation strategies, triangulation was done between researchers and methods, as interviews and results survey. RESULTS: Two categories of family adherence were defined: family and treatment (treatment cooperation, knowledge about the disease and attention to the disease evolution), and family attitudes towards the patient (patient's care, patient's promotion of autonomy, and affective attachment with the patient). A third category showed aspects that diminished family adherence, such as lack or distortion of information regarding mental disorder, or family and patient endurance attitudes. CONCLUSIONS: Participants agree about the relevance of the construct named «family adherence¼, which describes the behaviors and attitudes of the family regarding the treatment of patients with severe mental disorder. Family adherence can be seen as active participation behavior, but also as a process of strengthening relationships, which can reduce the burden and suffering on family members, caregivers and patients.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Família/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Relações Profissional-Família , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Cooperação e Adesão ao Tratamento/psicologia , Colômbia , Técnica Delphi , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros , Cooperação do Paciente/psicologia , Psiquiatria , Psicologia , Pesquisa QualitativaRESUMO
Este artículo tiene como fin describir los elementos básicos requeridos para facilitar una educación inclusiva en la superior para las personas con necesidades educativas especiales, desde la perspectiva de la diversidad funcional. A lo largo de esta revisión se identifican los cambios que ha tenido el concepto de discapacidad. Este escrito pone de manifiesto una serie de conclusiones que permiten la formación de modelos prácticos que aborden las distintas dimensiones que sustentan un proceso de inclusión social en el ámbito universitario. En tal sentido, en orden de implementar estos cambios, debe promoverse un mayor esfuerzo colaborativo entre los distintos sectores involucrados. Se reconocen también las barreras y dificultades que deben ser primero superadas para poder implementar estos modelos inclusivos propuestos en los artículos consultados. El contar con apoyos para las personas con necesidades especiales permitiría un proceso de inclusión donde se mantengan los niveles de exigencia para la preparación de profesionales competentes e idóneos.
This essay aims to describe the basic elements required to facilitate an inclusive form of higher education for students with special educational needs, from the perspective of functional diversity. Throughout the study, the concept of disability undergoes a rigorous examination. This paper reveals a number of findings that enable the formation of practical models that address the distinct dimensions underpinning a process of social inclusion in the university environment. Of course, in order to implement such changes, a major collaborative effort would be called for. The study does not overlook the difficulties and obstacles that must first be overcome in order to achieve the successful implementation of the inclusive models outlined in the articles consulted. Having support for people with special needs would allow inclusion process which maintains the high requirement for the preparation of competent and qualified professionals.
RESUMO
El objetivo del artículo es comprender los significados que las parejas en convivencia desarrollan sobre el trabajo a partir del desempleo del hombre. Esta reflexión surge de un estudio cualitativo de tipo social interpretativo; se hicieron entrevistas a ocho parejas de poblaciones de la sabana de Bogotá con la técnica de grupo focal. Los resultados señalan que las restricciones económicas y la dificultad para obtener empleo generan un interés principalmente económico en el trabajo. Hay una débil identidad personal con el trabajo, ya que este es visto como un factor que trae implicaciones como la pérdida de espacios para compartir en familia. Esto, unido a la dificultad para reengancharse, afecta la valoración del empleo como fuente de satisfacción y desarrollo.
The aim of this paper is to understand the meanings that couples living together develop on the concept of job from the perspective of male unemployment. A qualitative study of social interpretive type, with eight interviews to pairs of populations from the savannah of Bogota, and the focal group Technology, indicate that the economic restrictions and the difficulty to obtain a job generate mainly an economic interest on that matter in those couples. There is a weak connection between personal identity and work, since it is seen as a factor that brings implications such as the loss of spaces to share with family. This, joined to the difficulty of getting a job again, affects the value of work as a source of satisfaction and development.