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1.
BMC Nurs ; 16: 49, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28919838

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Health care associated infections (HAIs) are a source of concern worldwide. No health service in any country can be considered HAI risk-free. However, there is scarcity of data on the risks to which both patients and health workers are subject in non-hospital settings. The aim of this study was to identify issues that determine the adherence of professionals to precautions for preventing transmission of microorganisms in primary health care. METHOD: This was a qualitative study, using focus groups of primary health care staff, in two Brazilian municipalities. The data were analysed using content analysis. RESULTS: Four focus groups were conducted with 20 professionals (11 community health workers, 5 nursing assistants and 4 nurses), and the analysed content was organized into four thematic categories. These categories are: low risk perception, weaknesses in knowledge, insufficient in-service training and infrastructure limitations. Participants expressed their weaknesses in knowledge of standard and transmission based precautions, mainly for hand hygiene and tuberculosis. A lack of appropriate resources and standardization in sharps disposal management was also highlighted by the participants. CONCLUSION: The study points out the need to provide in-service training for professionals on the transmission of microorganisms in primary health care to ensure adequate level of risk perception and knowledge. Further recommendations include investment to improve infrastructure to facilitate adherence to precautions and to minimize the risk of disease transmission for both patients and health care workers.

2.
Rev. eletrônica enferm ; 18: 1-10, 20160331. tab
Artigo em Inglês, Português | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: biblio-832852

RESUMO

Objetivou identificar a concepção da equipe de odontologia da Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS) quanto às precauções padrão (PP), os obstáculos para seu uso e a segurança do local de trabalho. Estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado com 70,27% da equipe de odontologia da APS de município paulista, utilizando-se Escalas de Fatores Psicossociais e Organizacionais que Influenciam a Adesão às Precauções-Padrão. Os domínios da escala obtiveram escores intermediários e o valor geral do Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach foi aceitável. No domínio ͞Clima de Segurança͟, os profissionais destacaram fragilidades diante dos riscos ocupacionais, consideram o acúmulo de atividades e a falta de tempo obstáculos para a adesão às PP, além de reconhecerem a importância da educação continuada sobre a temática. Conclui-se que essa realidade compromete a prática clínica e a segurança, do profissional e do usuário, sendo necessária ampliação das discussões sobre biossegurança tanto na formação como no ambiente de trabalho


The objective was to identify the conception of a dentistry team from the Primary Health Care (PHC) about standard precautions (SPs), obstacles to use SPs and, safety at the workplace. A descriptive-exploratory study with a quantitative approach conducted with 70.27% of the PHC dentistry team from a city in São Paulo state. We used Scales of Psychosocial and Organizational Factors that Influence Adherence to Standard Precautions. The scale domains obtained intermediate scores, and the overall value of the Cronbach͛s alpha coefficient was acceptable. In the domain ͞Safety Climate͟professionals highlighted fragilities related to occupational risks, they consider the accumulation of activities and the lack of time to overcome obstacles to adhere to SPs; they also recognized the importance of continuing education about this theme. We concluded that this reality compromises clinical practice and safety for professionals and users, and there is a need to broaden discussions about biosafety during training and at the workplace


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Odontologia , /prevenção & controle , Riscos Ocupacionais , Atenção Primária à Saúde
3.
Rev Esc Enferm USP ; 46(1): 145-50, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22441278

RESUMO

This prospective, exploratory study was performed using a quantitative approach with the objective of characterizing the healthcare tasks that involved biological risk for professionals working with the Home Care Service of the São Carlos Municipal Hospital (São Carlos, SP, Brazil). We followed 159 visits from June 2008 to January 2009. A total of 347 procedures were considered to present risks for biological exposure, categorized as follows: dressings (31.1%), capillary blood glucose monitoring (14.4%); and vascular access (3.1%). Of all subjects, 21.5% complied with hand cleansing prior to performing a procedure, 66.3% wore gloves and 83.5% disposed of sharps appropriately. In conclusion, these professionals are subject to biological risks similar to those found in the hospital environment, because they are also exposed to blood and sharps often and have a poor adherence to the standard preventive measures. Further studies to evaluate the influence of the features of the household on the referred risk should be encouraged.


Assuntos
Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Exposição Ocupacional , Patógenos Transmitidos pelo Sangue , Humanos , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional/prevenção & controle , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
4.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP;46(1): 145-150, fev. 2012. ilus, tab
Artigo em Português | LILACS, BDENF - Enfermagem | ID: lil-625088

RESUMO

Estudo exploratório e prospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa que visou caracterizar as ações que envolviam risco biológico durante o atendimento de profissionais no Serviço de Internação Domiciliar do Hospital Municipal de São Carlos, SP. No acompanhamento das 159 visitas, realizadas no período de junho de 2008 a janeiro de 2009, foram observados 347 procedimentos sendo que, entre os com risco de exposição biológica, foram identificados curativos (31,1%), glicemia capilar (14,4%) e acesso vascular (3,1%). A ocorrência de adesão à higienização prévia das mãos foi de 21,5%, 66,3% no uso de luvas e de 83,5% no descarte adequado do perfurocortante. Conclui-se que esses profissionais estão sujeitos a riscos semelhantes aos encontrados na área hospitalar, uma vez que também manipulam sangue e material perfurocortante com muita frequência e apresentam baixa adesão às precauções padrão. Estudos que avaliem a influência das características dos domicílios nesse risco devem ser estimulados.


This prospective, exploratory study was performed using a quantitative approach with the objective of characterizing the healthcare tasks that involved biological risk for professionals working with the Home Care Service of the São Carlos Municipal Hospital (São Carlos, SP, Brazil). We followed 159 visits from June 2008 to January 2009. A total of 347 procedures were considered to present risks for biological exposure, categorized as follows: dressings (31.1%), capillary blood glucose monitoring (14.4%); and vascular access (3.1%). Of all subjects, 21.5% complied with hand cleansing prior to performing a procedure, 66.3% wore gloves and 83.5% disposed of sharps appropriately. In conclusion, these professionals are subject to biological risks similar to those found in the hospital environment, because they are also exposed to blood and sharps often and have a poor adherence to the standard preventive measures. Further studies to evaluate the influence of the features of the household on the referred risk should be encouraged.


Estudio exploratorio prospectivo, de abordaje cuantitativo que objetivó caracterizar las acciones que involucran riesgo biológico durante atención de profesionales en Servicio de Internación Domiciliaria de Hospital Municipal de São Carlos-SP. En seguimiento de las 159 visitas realizadas entre junio 2008 y enero 2009, fueron observados 347 procedimientos. Entre aquellos con riesgo de exposición biológica se identificaron curativos (31,1%), glucemia capilar (14,4%) y acceso vascular (3,1%). La adhesión a la higienización previa de manos fue de 21,5%, 66,3% en el uso de guantes y 83,5% en descarte adecuado de material punzocortante. Se concluye en que tales profesionales están sujetos a riesgos semejantes a los encontrados en el área hospitalaria, toda vez que manipulan sangre y material punzocortante con alta frecuencia e presentan baja adhesión a las precauciones estándar. Deben estimularse estudios que evalúen la influencia de las características de los domicilios en tales riesgos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Exposição Ocupacional , Patógenos Transmitidos pelo Sangue , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional/prevenção & controle , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
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