RESUMO
To perform a validation of the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) for complete denture wearers and present a proposal for estimation of perceived oral health. This is a cross-sectional study with non-probabilistic sampling. A total of 211 subjects with a mean age of 62·5 (s.d. = 11·4) years participated, being 169 female. The GOHAI was applied in a personal interview. The construct/convergent/discriminant validity was tested using structural equation modelling. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the fit of three proposals of the GOHAI: three-factor, one-factor and second-order hierarchical models. The stability of the models was evaluated in independent samples. The three-factor model presented an inadequate fit, and items 3, 4 and 9 were removed. The new structure presented an acceptable fit and strong invariance in independent samples. The convergent, discriminant validity and internal consistency were below adequate. The one-factor model presented an adequate fit to the sample. Convergent validity was compromised. A strong invariance of the one-factor model was observed. To calculate the overall scores of the GOHAI factors (three-factor model) or of the oral health perception (one-factor model), a matrix of regression weights for each item in the model was presented as a suggestion. We found an adequate fit of the both structures of the GOHAI for denture wearers, but the three-factor structure was more parsimonious. We suggested considering the weights of the regression model to calculate the overall score of perceived oral health or of its factors in different samples.
Assuntos
Prótese Total/psicologia , Avaliação Geriátrica/métodos , Reabilitação Bucal/psicologia , Saúde Bucal , Psicometria/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the validity, reliability, and factorial invariance of the complete Portuguese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and its short version (OHIP-14). METHODS: A total of 1,162 adults enrolled in the Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara/UNESP participated in the study; 73.1% were women; and the mean age was 40.7 ± 16.3 yr. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis, where χ(2)/df, comparative fit index, goodness of fit index, and root mean square error of approximation were used as indices of goodness of fit. The convergent validity was judged from the average variance extracted and the composite reliability, and the internal consistency was estimated by Cronbach standardized alpha. The stability of the models was evaluated by multigroup analysis in independent samples (test and validation) and between users and nonusers of dental prosthesis. RESULTS: We found best-fitting models for the OHIP-14 and among dental prosthesis users. The convergent validity was below adequate values for the factors "functional limitation" and "physical pain" for the complete version and for the factors "functional limitation" and "psychological discomfort" for the OHIP-14. Values of composite reliability and internal consistency were below adequate in the OHIP-14 for the factors "functional limitation" and "psychological discomfort." We detected strong invariance between test and validation samples of the full version and weak invariance for OHIP-14. The models for users and nonusers of dental prosthesis were not invariant for both versions. CONCLUSION: The reduced version of the OHIP was parsimonious, reliable, and valid to capture the construct "impact of oral health on quality of life," which was more pronounced in prosthesis users.
Assuntos
Saúde Bucal/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida , Atividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Prótese Dentária/psicologia , Dentição , Prótese Total/psicologia , Prótese Parcial/psicologia , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Renda , Arcada Parcialmente Edêntula/psicologia , Arcada Parcialmente Edêntula/reabilitação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Boca Edêntula/psicologia , Boca Edêntula/reabilitação , Dor/psicologia , Psicometria , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Classe Social , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The aim of this study is to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (MFIQ) (Portuguese version). Face and content validity of the Portuguese version were performed. To assess reproducibility of the data gathered with MFIQ, it was applied to 62 individuals who completed the questionnaire on two occasions. Validity and reliability of the data gathered with MFIQ were evaluated in a sample of 249 patients. Construct-related validity was assessed through factorial validity (by means of a confirmatory factor analysis), and convergent and discriminant validities were assessed, respectively, by the average variance extracted (AVE), composite reliability (CC) and bivariate correlations between factors. The internal consistency was estimated by the standardised Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) and reproducibility by the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). All the items of MFIQ showed content validity. Reproducibility was excellent in both the 'functional capacity' dimension (D1) (ICC(D1) =0·895, 95% CI=0·832 to 0·935) and the 'feeding' dimension (D2) (ICC(D2) =0·825, 95% CI= 0·726 to 0·891). Items 1, 2, 6 and 7 of D1 had factor weights below the desired cut-off (0·5), and overall fit of the original bifactorial structure of the MFIQ was poor [(confirmatory fit index) CFI= 0·850, (goodness of fit index) GFI= 0·781, (root mean square error of approximation) RMSEA= 0·118]. Thus, these items were excluded, and the new, reduced version of the MFIQ showed good fit (CFI=0·933, GFI=0·879, RMSEA=0·099). The convergent validity was adequate (AVE≥0·5, CC≥0·7) for both factors. However, their discriminant validity was low (AVE(D1) = 0·51 and AVE(D2) = 0·66 <ρ(2) (D1D2) =0·70). The internal consistency was excellent (α(D1) =0·874; α(D2) =0·918). The Portuguese version of the reduced MFIQ produced data with good validity and reliability.
Assuntos
Mandíbula/fisiopatologia , Psicometria/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Síndrome da Disfunção da Articulação Temporomandibular/psicologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Portugal , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
*The effects of drought on the Amazon rainforest are potentially large but remain poorly understood. Here, carbon (C) cycling after 5 yr of a large-scale through-fall exclusion (TFE) experiment excluding about 50% of incident rainfall from an eastern Amazon rainforest was compared with a nearby control plot. *Principal C stocks and fluxes were intensively measured in 2005. Additional minor components were either quantified in later site measurements or derived from the available literature. *Total ecosystem respiration (R(eco)) and total plant C expenditure (PCE, the sum of net primary productivity (NPP) and autotrophic respiration (R(auto))), were elevated on the TFE plot relative to the control. The increase in PCE and R(eco) was mainly caused by a rise in R(auto) from foliage and roots. Heterotrophic respiration did not differ substantially between plots. NPP was 2.4 +/- 1.4 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) lower on the TFE than the control. Ecosystem carbon use efficiency, the proportion of PCE invested in NPP, was lower in the TFE plot (0.24 +/- 0.04) than in the control (0.32 +/- 0.04). *Drought caused by the TFE treatment appeared to drive fundamental shifts in ecosystem C cycling with potentially important consequences for long-term forest C storage.