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After bariatric surgery one of the most common complications is dysphagia. The etiology of this disease has not been fully elucidated but it is known that it may be due to structural changes due to surgery. This case describes a 65-year-old female with early and severe onset of dysphagia following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The patient's final diagnosis was postobesity surgery esophageal dysfunction and laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with esophagojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed. Physicians should be aware of this condition in order to offer early diagnosis and treatment.

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RESUMO

ABSTRACT After bariatric surgery one of the most common complications is dysphagia. The etiology of this disease has not been fully elucidated but it is known that it may be due to structural changes due to surgery. This case describes a 65-year-old female with early and severe onset of dysphagia following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. The patient's final diagnosis was postobesity surgery esophageal dysfunction and laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with esophagojejunal Roux-en-Y anastomosis was performed. Physicians should be aware of this condition in order to offer early diagnosis and treatment.

RESUMEN Después de una cirugía bariátrica una de las complicaciones más comunes es la disfagia. La etiología de esta enfermedad no ha sido completamente dilucidada, pero se sabe que puede deberse a cambios estructurales debidos a la cirugía. En este reporte se describe el caso de una mujer de 65 años con disfagia severa de aparición temprana después de una en manga gástrica laparoscópica. El diagnóstico final del paciente fue de una disfunción esofágica posterior a una cirugía de obesidad y se planteó como manejo una gastrectomía proximal laparoscópica con anastomosis esofagoyeyunal en Y de Roux. Hay que tener en cuenta las complicaciones a corto y largo plazo que se pueden presentar luego de cirugías de obesidad para poder realizar un diagnóstico temprano y poder ofrecer un tratamiento adecuado.

RESUMO

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a known precursor of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic resection and surgery are the techniques used to treat these kinds of lesions. However, endoscopic resection is considered the first choice for the management of superficial lesions. Dysplasia in BE most commonly appears like a flat lesion but here we describe an unusual case of dysplasia and superficial adenocarcinoma looking like an extensive polypoid lesion.

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A 15-year-old male patient presented with dysphagia, regurgitation, weight loss and retrosternal pain. The diagnosis of achalasia was made 4 years before. The esophagogram revealed severe esophagus dilatation and the classic "bird-beak" termination. A Heller myotomy plus fundoplication and endoscopic balloon dilatation were conducted four months previously. Nevertheless, the symptoms persisted and the last high-resolution manometry study still showed achalasia type II. The patient underwent a peroral endoscopic esophageal myotomy (POEM). POEM is a feasible and safe procedure for experienced and properly-equipped health care delivery centers and could be used as a rescue treatment in refractory achalasia. We present the youngest patient with achalasia in our region who had a successful response to rescue POEM.

Assuntos

RESUMO

A 15-year-old male patient presented with dysphagia, regurgitation, weight loss and retrosternal pain. The diagnosis of achalasia was made 4 years before. The esophagogram revealed severe esophagus dilatation and the classic "bird-beak" termination. A Heller myotomy plus fundoplication and endoscopic balloon dilatation were conducted four months previously. Nevertheless, the symptoms persisted and the last high-resolution manometry study still showed achalasia type II. The patient underwent a peroral endoscopic esophageal myotomy (POEM). POEM is a feasible and safe procedure for experienced and properly- equipped health care delivery centers and could be used as a rescue treatment in refractory achalasia. We present the youngest patient with achalasia in our region who had a successful response to rescue POEM.

Un paciente varón de 15 años, con el diagnóstico de acalasia realizado 4 años antes, acudió a evaluación por presentar disfagia, regurgitación, pérdida de peso y dolor restroesternal. El esofagograma baritado evidenció una dilatación severa del esófago y la terminación clásica en "pico de pájaro". El paciente había sido sometido a una miotomía de Heller más fundoplicatura y posteriormente a una dilatación esofágica con balón 4 meses atrás. Sin embargo, los síntomas persistían y la última manometría de alta resolución reveló acalasia tipo II. Finalmente, se realizó una miotomía endoscópica por vía oral (POEM); el cual es un procedimiento seguro y accesible en centros experimentados y debidamente equipados, pudiendo ser una adecuada opción de tratamiento en casos de acalasia refractaria. Presentamos el caso del paciente más joven en nuestra región con acalasia con una respuesta exitosa a un POEM de rescate.

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence-based clinical recommendations for the evaluation and management of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB) in the Peruvian Social Security (EsSalud). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A local guideline development group (local GDG) was established, including specialists in gastroenterology and methodologists. The local GDG formulated 11 clinical questions to be answered by this clinical practice guide (CPG). We searched and selected CPG of UGB published from 2012, which answered the posed questions and obtained a score higher than 60% in domains 1 and 3 of the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE-II) tool. During September 2017, bibliographic searches were conducted in Pubmed, to update 9 clinical questions of the preselected CPGs, and to answer 2 de novo questions. The quality of the evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. In periodic work meetings, the local GDG reviewed the evidence and formulated the recommendations, points of good clinical practice and the flowchart of evaluation and management, using the GRADE methodology Lastly, the CPG was approved with Resolución N° 80-IETSI-ESSALUD-2017. RESULTS: This CPG addressed 11 clinical questions, divided into four themes: risk assessment, initial management, management of non-variceal UGB, and management of variceal UGB. Based on these questions, 10 recommendations (7 strong recommendations and 3 weak recommendations), 24 points of good clinical practice, and 2 flow charts were formulated. CONCLUSION: This article is the summary of the EsSalud' CPG, where the available scientific evidence on evaluation and management of UGB was evaluated.

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Objetivo: Describir la experiencia clínica con la técnica de dilatación de la esfinterotomía papilar con balones de gran diámetro en pacientes con coledocolitiasis de difícil extracción. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, diseño descriptivo. Serie de Casos. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de 18 pacientes que fueron sometidos a colangiopancreatografía retrograda endoscópica (CPRE) más dilatación papilar con balón de gran diámetro (DPBGD) por presentar coledocolitiasis de gran tamaño (≥15 mm), desproporción de diámetro entre cálculo y colédoco distal y/o papila yuxtadiverticular. Se emplearon balones dilatadores CRETM entre 12 y 20mm de diámetro. Se consignaron datos como éxito del procedimiento, uso de litotricia; así como complicaciones durante el procedimiento. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 66,1 años. Hubo predominio del género femenino (66,7%). El tamaño promedio de los cálculos en vía biliar fue de 16,7 mm. Las indicaciones de DPBGD fueron: coledocolitiasis gigante (12 pacientes, 66,7%), discordancia entre el diámetro del cálculo y el colédoco distal (6 pacientes, 33,3%). El diámetro de los balones de dilatación más frecuentemente empleados fueron: 15 mm (8 pacientes, 44,4%), 18 mm (5 pacientes, 27,8%), 12 mm (3 pacientes, 16,7%) y 20 mm (2 pacientes, 11,1%). Se consiguió la extracción completa de los cálculos en 15 pacientes (83,3%). Se precisó litotricia en 4 pacientes (22,2%). Hubo 3 pacientes en los que la extracción con balón fue frustra, realizándose manejo quirúrgico. Se reportó 1 caso de pancreatitis aguda leve (5,5%). Conclusiones: Los resultados demuestran que la dilatación con balón es una alternativa segura y eficaz en el manejo de los cálculos en vía biliar de difícil extracción

Objective: The aim of this study was to report the initial experience of the combined use of biliary sphincterotomy plus balloon dilatation of the papilla for management of large stones. Materials and methods: Design: Retrospective, descriptive. This study included 18 patients in whom a hydrostatic dilatation of the papilla with large balloons was performed between June 2012 and April 2014. Patients had multiple large stones, tapered distal common bile duct, previous sphincterotomy, or peri/ intradiverticular papilla. CRE™ dilatation balloons with diameters ranging from 12 to 20 mm were used. Data were recorded as successful procedure, use of lithotripsy and complications during the procedure. Results: The average age was 66.1 years. There was a predominance of the female gender (66.7%). The average size of the bile duct stones was 16.7 mm. The main indications were: giant choledocholithiasis (12 patients, 66.7%) and tapered distal common bile duct (6 patients, 33.3%). The dilatation balloons diameter used were: 15 mm (8 patients, 44.4%), 18 mm (5 patients, 27.8%), 12 mm (3 patients, 16.7%) and 20 mm (2 patients, 11.1%). Complete stone clearance was achieved in 15 patients (83.3%). Lithotripsy was performed in 4 patients (22.2%). There were 3 patients in whom the removal with balloon was unsuccessful, performed surgical management. It was reported 1 case of mild acute pancreatitis (5.5%). Conclusions: The results show that endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation after sphincterotomy is a safe and effective technique for treatment of difficult bile duct stones

Assuntos

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report the initial experience of the combined use of biliary sphincterotomy plus balloon dilatation of the papilla for management of large stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: Retrospective, descriptive. This study included 18 patients in whom a hydrostatic dilatation of the papilla with large balloons was performed between June 2012 and April 2014. Patients had multiple large stones, tapered distal common bile duct, previous sphincterotomy, or peri/ intradiverticular papilla. CRE™ dilatation balloons with diameters ranging from 12 to 20 mm were used. Data were recorded as successful procedure, use of lithotripsy and complications during the procedure. RESULTS: The average age was 66.1 years. There was a predominance of the female gender (66.7%). The average size of the bile duct stones was 16.7 mm. The main indications were: giant choledocholithiasis (12 patients, 66.7%) and tapered distal common bile duct (6 patients, 33.3%). The dilatation balloons diameter used were: 15 mm (8 patients, 44.4%), 18 mm (5 patients, 27.8%), 12 mm (3 patients, 16.7%) and 20 mm (2 patients, 11.1%). Complete stone clearance was achieved in 15 patients (83.3%). Lithotripsy was performed in 4 patients (22.2%). There were 3 patients in whom the removal with balloon was unsuccessful, performed surgical management. It was reported 1 case of mild acute pancreatitis (5.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The results show that endoscopic papillary large balloon dilation after sphincterotomy is a safe and effective technique for treatment of difficult bile duct stones.

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Presentamos a dos mujeres -de 40 y 42 años- con endometriosis colorrectal, ambas con antecedente de endometriosis pélvica y episodios de rectorragia simultáneos con la menstruación. En las evaluaciones endoscópicas detectamos una tumoración sigmoidea y una tumoración rectosigmoidea respectivamente, que aparentaron corresponder a cáncer colorrectal estenosante de origen epitelial.

We present two women of 40 and 42 years with colorectal endometriosis, both with a history of pelvic endometriosis and simultaneous episodes of rectal bleeding with menstruation. In endoscopic evaluations detected a sigmoid tumor and rectosigmoid tumor respectively, which apparently corresponds to stenosing colorectal cancer of epithelial origin.

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We present two women of 40 and 42 years with colorectal endometriosis, both with a history of pelvic endometriosis and simultaneous episodes of rectal bleeding with menstruation. In endoscopic evaluations detected a sigmoid tumor and rectosigmoid tumor respectively, which apparently corresponds to stenosing colorectal cancer of epithelial origin.

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