RESUMO
Retrospective data from 18 tunnel-ventilated and 41 conventional houses in Barbados were evaluated in order to compare the effects of the two types of housing using the following indices: feed conversion ratio at 1500 grammes (FCR 1500), European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF), and net income per bird (NIPB). The data were obtained from the records of 200 and 282 grow-outs for tunnel-ventilated and conventional houses, respectively. The effects of season of placement and month of placement on the above performance variables were also evaluated. The analyses revealed that the performance variables NIPB, EPEF, and FCR 1500 were superior for tunnel -ventilated housing (P=0.02, 0.0001 respectively); were less variable from month to month for tunnel- ventilated housing; and except for NIPB, were better when birds were placed during the dry season (P=0.08, 0.0005 and 0.007 respectively). Financial anlaysis also showed that tunnel -ventilated house was more profitable venture than the conventional house. The net profit margin (15.38vs 3.59%) net profit per kg, (0.51 vs 0.12 BDS$, (BDS$1.00~ US $0.50)), and net profit per m squared (94.83vs13.13BDS$) were also higher for the tunnel-ventilated house.
Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas , Habitação , Abrigo para Animais , Barbados , Medicina VeterináriaRESUMO
Retrospective data from 18 tunnel-ventilated and 41 conventional houses in Barbados were evaluated in order to compare the effects of the two types of housing using the following indices: feed conversion ratio at 1500 grammes (FCR 1500), European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF), and net income per bird (NIPB). The data were obtained from the records of 200 and 282 grow-outs for tunnel-ventilated and conventional houses, respectively. The effects of season of placement and month of placement on the above performance variables were also evaluated. The analyses revealed that the performance variables NIPB, EPEF, and FCR 1500 were superior for tunnel -ventilated housing (P=0.02, 0.0001 respectively); were less variable from month to month for tunnel- ventilated housing; and except for NIPB, were better when birds were placed during the dry season (P=0.08, 0.0005 and 0.007 respectively). Financial anlaysis also showed that tunnel -ventilated house was more profitable venture than the conventional house. The net profit margin (15.38vs 3.59%) net profit per kg, (0.51 vs 0.12 BDS$, (BDS$1.00~ US $0.50)), and net profit per m squared (94.83vs13.13BDS$) were also higher for the tunnel-ventilated house.
Assuntos
Animais , Aves Domésticas , Habitação , Abrigo para Animais , Barbados , Medicina VeterináriaRESUMO
The effect of dopamine over pulmonary edema induced by PAF was studied. Thirty preparations of rabbit lungs were used: six control preparations (CP), six PAF preparations (PP) in which we injected a dose of 1 microg/kg of rabbit weight and eighteen dopamine preparations (DAP) divided in three groups of six pretreated with a dose of 1-5 (dopaminergic range), 10-20 (Beta range) and 20-30 ug/kg/min (Alpha range) of dopamine, respectively for 30 min, followed by an injection of PAF as in the PP. DAP at Beta and Alpha-adrenergic range decreased pulmonary artery pressure (Pap) as compared to CP, with values of 11.66 (CI 95%: 10.83-12.48), 11.66 (CI 95%: 9.87-13.44) versus 17.12 (CI 95%: 16.12-18.11) cm of water, respectively. DAP in Beta and Alpha-adrenergic range prevented Pap increment as compared to PP, with values of 17.16 (CI 95%: 16.37-17.94), 17.5 (CI 95%: 14.93-20.06) versus 84 cm of water (CI 95%: 71.41-96.58), respectively. Dopamine, at its three ranges inhibited the augmentation of the fluid filtration rate observed in PP with values of 1.01 (CI 95%: 0.77-1.24), 0.03 (CI 95%: 0.01-0.04) and 0.02 g/min (CI 95%: -0.0004-0.03) versus 2.13 g/min (CI 95%: 1.56-2.69), respectively. We concluded that dopamine has a vasodilator effect on Pap and exerts an inhibiting action over PAF effects in pulmonary circulation. Such effects seem to be mainly mediated by Beta-receptors, rather than by dopaminergic receptors.
Assuntos
Dopamina/farmacologia , Fator de Ativação de Plaquetas/farmacologia , Edema Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Dopamina/administração & dosagem , Técnicas In Vitro , Mediadores da Inflamação/farmacologia , Perfusão , Artéria Pulmonar/efeitos dos fármacos , Artéria Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Circulação Pulmonar/efeitos dos fármacos , Edema Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Coelhos , Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 2/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Adrenérgicos beta 2/fisiologia , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (ACAH) is an infrequent modality of chronic hepatitis (CH) with clinical and laboratory findings of an autoimmune disorder. Clinical and pathological findings of 7 cases are presented; all were females with ages between 7 and 24 years. Main symptoms and signs were weight loss, malaise, arthralgias, fever, menstrual disturbances, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice ascites and esophageal varices. Aminotransferases were elevated in all cases, and bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and gammaglobulins were found to be raised in six. Antinuclear antibodies were positive in 5 cases, smooth muscle antibodies in 3, and antimitochondrial antibodies were detected in one. Morphological changes were those of chronic active hepatitis with variable degrees of fibrosis. Plasma cells were conspicuous. All patients received steroid treatment (Prednisone). It is concluded that the diagnosis of ACAH can be based on clinical and immunological criteria provided other causes of CH such as viral hepatitis, are ruled out.