RESUMO
Strandings of oceanic-pelagic elasmobranchs in the southeastern Brazil are reported. Data comes from animals observed in the coast of São Paulo state, between 1999 and 2012. Nine individuals of two species were recorded: Pteroplatytrygon violacea (n = 5; mostly during the winter) and Isurus oxyrinchus (n = 4; two in the winter and two in the summer). For P. violacea the strandings restricted to the austral winter suggest that the species follows the intrusion of high temperatures water masses recorded in southeastern Brazil during this season, bringing some individuals to shallow waters. For I. oxyrinchus is possible that individuals escaped from hooks of the commercial pelagic longline fishery and suffered injuries in the esophagus and in the gastric wall, stranding due to difficulties in locomotion and feeding. As these stranded sharks were not necropsied and only two animals were observed during the austral summer, we cannot exclude other causes of beaching such diseases or the intrusion of cold water masses in the continental shelf during this season.
Encalhes de elasmobrânquios oceânico-pelágicos no sudeste do Brasil são apresentados. Os dados provêm de animais observados no litoral do estado de São Paulo, entre 1999 e 2012. Nove indivíduos de duas espécies foram registrados: Pteroplatytrygon violacea (n = 5; principalmente durante o inverno) e Isurus oxyrinchus (n = 4; dois no inverno e dois no verão). Para P. violacea os encalhes restritos ao inverno austral sugerem que a espécie segue a intrusão de massas de água quente registradas no sudeste do Brasil durante esta época do ano, trazendo alguns indivíduos para águas rasas. Para I. oxyrinchus é possível que os indivíduos tenham se soltado de anzóis da pesca comercial de espinhel pelágico e sofrido injúrias no esôfago e na parede gástrica, encalhando devido a dificuldades de locomoção e alimentação. Como estes tubarões encalhados não foram necropsiados e apenas dois animais foram observados durante o verão austral, não podemos excluir outras causas de encalhe, como doenças ou a intrusão de massas de águas frias na plataforma continental durante essa temporada.
RESUMO
Strandings of oceanic-pelagic elasmobranchs in the southeastern Brazil are reported.Data comes from animals observed in the coast of São Paulo state, between 1999 and 2012. Nine individuals of two species were recorded: Pteroplatytrygon violacea(n = 5; mostly during the winter) and Isurus oxyrinchus(n = 4; two in the winter and two in the summer). For P. violaceathe strandings restricted to the austral winter suggest that the species follows the intrusion of high temperatures water masses recorded in southeastern Brazil during this season, bringing some individuals to shallow waters. For I. oxyrinchus is possible that individuals escaped from hooksof the commercial pelagic longline fishery and suffered injuries inthe esophagus and in the gastric wall, stranding due to difficulties in locomotion and feeding. As these stranded sharks were not necropsied and only two animals were observed during the austral summer, we cannot exclude other causes of beaching such diseases or the intrusion of cold water masses in the continental shelf during this season.(AU)
Encalhes de elasmobrânquios oceânico-pelágicos no sudeste do Brasil são apresentados. Os dados provêm de animais observados no litoral do estado de São Paulo, entre 1999 e 2012. Nove indivíduos de duas espécies foram registrados: Pteroplatytrygon violacea(n = 5; principalmente durante o inverno) e Isurus oxyrinchus(n = 4; dois no inverno e dois no verão). Para P. violaceaos encalhes restritos ao inverno austral sugerem que a espécie segue a intrusão de massas de água quente registradas no sudeste do Brasil durante esta época do ano, trazendo alguns indivíduos para águas rasas. Para I. oxyrinchusé possível que os indivíduos tenham se soltado de anzóis da pesca comercial de espinhel pelágico e sofrido injúrias no esôfago e na parede gástrica, encalhando devido a dificuldades de locomoção e alimentação. Como estes tubarões encalhados não foram necropsiados e apenas dois animais foram observados durante o verão austral, não podemos excluir outras causas de encalhe, como doenças ou a intrusão de massas de águas frias na plataforma continental durante essa temporada.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Tubarões , Mortalidade , Elasmobrânquios , Locomoção , Oceano Atlântico , Brasil , CostaRESUMO
Magellanic penguins migrate from Patagonia reaching northern Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil on their winter migration, in parallel with the seasonal pulse of anchovy spawning. In 2008, Magellanic penguins went further north than usual. Many died and a few swam nearly to the Equator. Twelve groups surveyed 5000 km of coastline encountering 3371 penguins along the coast. Most penguins arrived in northern Brazil (68.4%) without petroleum (2933, 87%). Almost all penguins without petroleum were juveniles (2915, 99%) and 55% were alive when found. Penguins were dehydrated, anemic, hypothermic, and emaciated. Of the penguins with petroleum, 13% arrived in the southern half of Brazil, showing that petroleum pollution remains a problem along the SW Atlantic coast. The mortality occurred in the winter of 2008 when sea surface temperature were unusually cold perhaps reducing the prey for penguins.