Assuntos
Venenos de Formiga/efeitos adversos , Mordeduras e Picadas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade/diagnóstico , Anafilaxia , Animais , Venenos de Formiga/isolamento & purificação , Venenos de Formiga/metabolismo , Formigas , Mordeduras e Picadas/sangue , Mordeduras e Picadas/imunologia , Mordeduras e Picadas/fisiopatologia , Western Blotting , Brasil , Reações Cruzadas/imunologia , Ecossistema , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/sangue , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade/fisiopatologia , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to determine the existence of sensitization to the fungus Hemileia vastatrix (coffee leaf rust) in a sample of the Brazilian population. This fungus attacks coffee plantations, and in some regions of Brazil the concentration of its spores in the air can be very high. METHODS: A total of 378 individuals underwent skin tests (prick and intradermal tests) with H. vastatrix extract. The subjects were divided into four groups according to the occurrence of atopy and the region where they lived (coffee-growing or non-coffee-growing regions), and another group (V) consisted of 50 rural workers employed on coffee plantations. The presence of specific IgE against the fungus H. vastatrix in sensitized individuals was demonstrated in vitro by immunoblotting. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in comparing the results with intradermal or prick tests. The incidence of positive tests was significantly higher among atopic individuals residing in coffee-growing regions (14.7%). Among rural workers, 10% showed positive tests. Immunoblotting revealed specific IgE against 20 protein bands of H. vastatrix. CONCLUSION: The fungus H. vastatrix may be an important allergen in coffee-producing countries. The sensitization is more frequent among atopic individuals residing in coffee-growing regions.
Assuntos
Basidiomycota , Imunização , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Basidiomycota/efeitos dos fármacos , Basidiomycota/imunologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Imunoglobulina E/imunologia , Incidência , Masculino , Testes Cutâneos , Extratos de Tecidos/química , Extratos de Tecidos/imunologiaRESUMO
Since mites are the most common house dust allergens, knowledge about the species most prevalent in a region is important for diagnostic and specific immunotherapy purposes. In order to establish the prevalence of house dust mites in different city districts, 100 house dust samples were collected from different parts of Lima. Lima is a city of tropical climate located along the coast of the Pacific Ocean. The relative air humidity is 80-90% and the various districts studied are located at altitudes ranging from 37-355 meters. The mite Blomia tropicalis was the organism most frequently detected, being present in 59% of the house dust samples. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus occupied second place (15.9%), followed by Chortoglyphus arcuatus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae. These four mites, taken together, represented more than 90% of the mites detected. No specimen of the species Dermatophagoides farinae was detected. We conclude that B. tropicalis and D. pteronyssinus are the most common house dust mites in Lima. Considering the high prevalence of B. tropicalis in Lima and the fact that its cross-reactivity with antigens of the mites of the family Pyroglyphidae is minimal, we conclude that sensitization to this mite should be investigated separately in allergic patients living in Lima.
Assuntos
Poeira , Ácaros/imunologia , Animais , Reações Cruzadas , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/etiologia , PeruRESUMO
The dinuclear Ni(0) complex [Ni2(mu-CO)(CO)2(mu-dppa)2] (1; dppa = bis(diphenylphosphino)amine) was synthesized by two routes in good yield. Complex 1 has a triclinic crystal system and P1 space group, with a = 13.009(1) A, b = 13.063(2) A, c = 14.664(2) A, alpha = 79.91(1) degrees, beta = 79.96(1) degrees, gamma = 71.32(1) degrees, and Z = 2. The structure of this compound exhibits two mu-coordinated dppa ligands in a cis, cis arrangement. Nickel atoms are at a 2.5824(7) A distance. Theoretical calculations predict a 0.39 bond order between metal atoms. The cyclic voltammograms show two quasi-reversible redox pairs, which correspond to the successive oxidation of the metal centers. The dinuclear complex described absorbs carbon monoxide, yielding a mixture of nickel carbonyl compounds.
RESUMO
Fifty-nine beekeepers who had been practicing apiculture for more than 2 years were selected in order to determine the distribution of bee venom specific IgG subclasses using ELISA. The assays were standardized into arbitrary units. For comparison, IgG subclasses were determined in eight individuals allergic to bee stings who did not receive specific treatment. No correlation was detected between beekeeping time and specific IgG1, IgG2 or IgG4 levels. There was a correlation between IgG2 levels and mean number of stings per month received by the beekeepers. Twenty-five percent of the beekeepers presented bee venom specific IgE class II or more in an ELISA assay. The IgG1 levels detected in beekeepers were similar to those detected in allergic individuals. IgG2 and IgG4 levels were significantly higher in beekeepers than in allergic individuals. IgG3 was not detected in any group studied. In conclusion, the maintenance of high levels of bee venom specific IgG2 and IgG4 represents a characteristic of beekeepers. These subclasses may be related to a modulatory effect of IgG on allergic reactions.
Assuntos
Agricultura , Venenos de Abelha/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/imunologia , Exposição Ocupacional , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos/sangue , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/classificação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Seventy-eight Brazilian beekeepers who had been stung on average six times per month were studied. Sixty-eight beekeepers (87.1%) showed restricted local clinical reactions; nine individuals (11.5%) had extensive local reactions, and only one (1.2%) suffered anaphylactic shock. The humoral immunologic pattern of these individuals were studied by using immunoenzymatic methods to determine the serum titles of specific IgE and specific IgG4. Three groups of beekeepers presenting different humoral immunologic patterns were identified, in which the predominant pattern was the absence of specific IgE and high levels of specific IgG4 (38.4%). There was a positive correlation between the high levels of specific IgG4 and the number of bee stings. This correlation was not found in either specific or total IgE. The results of the present study suggest: i) the immunologic response to the number of exposures to Africanized honey-bee venom is not related to the number of exposures; and, ii) other nonhumoral and/or nonimmunologic factors may be involved in the reaction to the insect sting, which are responsible for both the clinical symptoms and protection.
Assuntos
Venenos de Abelha/imunologia , Mordeduras e Picadas de Insetos/imunologia , Doenças Profissionais/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Animais , Formação de Anticorpos , Brasil , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
In this study, we investigated the fungi most frequently found in the air and the books of 28 libraries at the University of São Paulo, Brazil. In a second phase, 314 librarians were questioned about the presence of asthmatic or rhinitic symptoms, and the relationship with the site of work. Forty-nine percent of them reported this type of symptoms and 80% related them to the place of work. In the third stage, librarians underwent intracutaneous tests against the 20 fungi most frequently isolated in libraries. Eighteen librarians presented positive tests, 12 of whom reported rhinitis and 6 of whom were asymptomatic. In 19.5% of symptomatic patients wheals > 15 mm were observed after 6 h, while 9% of the asymptomatic patients presented similar wheals. Fourteen librarians with positive tests underwent tests with each of the 20 fungi constituting the pool. The airborne fungi isolated in libraries are likely to be found anywhere in the city of São Paulo, but they are likely to be present in higher concentrations in libraries, subsequently producing respiratory allergies.
Assuntos
Microbiologia do Ar , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Bibliotecas , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Feminino , Fungos/imunologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
We performed bronchial challenge with ASA lysine in 9 patients with a history of aspirin-induced asthma, 4 asthmatics with no history of hypersensitization to aspirin and 4 control subjects. The test consisted of successive inhalations of increasing concentrations of ASA lysine (11.25, 22.5, 45, 90, 180 and 360 mg/ml) and was interrupted when FEV1 showed a decrease of at least 20%. In order to determine the degree of bronchial hyperreactivity, we first carried out a bronchial challenge with histamine. All patients in the group sensitive to aspirin had a positive reaction to ASA lysine, while this was negative for patients in the two control groups. There was no significant correlation between PC20 to histamine and ASA lysine in any of the groups. On the other hand, 6 patients with sensitivity to ASA repeated the bronchial challenge with ASA lysine after previously inhaling furosemide, and in this second test, none of the 6 had a positive reaction. The variation of ASA lysine PC20 in both tests was positive for these patients (p < 0.001).
Assuntos
Aspirina/análogos & derivados , Aspirina/efeitos adversos , Asma/etiologia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Lisina/análogos & derivados , Adolescente , Adulto , Aerossóis , Aspirina/administração & dosagem , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Asma/fisiopatologia , Hiper-Reatividade Brônquica/tratamento farmacológico , Hiper-Reatividade Brônquica/etiologia , Testes de Provocação Brônquica , Criança , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Furosemida/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lisina/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A study of 6,400 cases of Emergency Laparascopy (E.L.) was made in the Instituto de Gastroenterología de Habana, Cuba. The objective of the E.L. is to provide a diagnosis when other methods have been unable to do so. The most frequent diseases found were: gynecological problems, acute appendicities, and acute cholecystopathies. The E.L. is of great usefulness as in many cases an exact diagnosis is possible thus avoiding unnecessary surgery. The reliability of the method is good, permitting an exact diagnosis in 98% of the cases. In all the authors' cases the diagnosis was confirmed by either surgery or the evolution of the disease. The authors recommend the creation of emergency laparascopy services in which all the resources would be centralized: sufficient medical staff to ensure 24-hour service, specialized technicians, and the necessary material. They add that even though in their country it is of little importance, their experience leads to the conclusion that this type of organization is medically profitable.
Assuntos
Abdome Agudo/diagnóstico , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Laparoscopia , Masculino , Doenças Peritoneais/diagnósticoRESUMO
The results of 8,000 fiber-optic endoscopic procedures performed at the Gastrenterologic Institut during a 5 year period are analyzed in this paper. This extensive was possible not only because the method is simple and innocous due to the flexibility and high technology of these apparatue, but also because the Cuban Public Health System made feasible the exploration without expenses for all the patients needing it. Thirty-two percent of the explorations in an ever greater scale in the search for gastric cancer in its early stages. Chronic inflammation of the upper digestive tract comprised 47% of the abnormal endoscopies. Peptic ulcers were found in 18% of the 3.979 positive gastroduodenoscopies. Esophagogastric cancer was found in 14% of the 4.888 pathologic esophagastroscopies. The results reported and the low morbidity encountered (only 2 significant accidents in over 8,000 procedures) have motivated the Ministry to use this method in all first class hospitals and in several second class ones throughout the country.
Assuntos
Tecnologia de Fibra Óptica , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/diagnóstico , Duodenopatias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Duodenais/diagnóstico , Doenças do Esôfago/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Esofagoscópios , Gastroscópios , Humanos , Fibras Ópticas , Gastropatias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnósticoRESUMO
Prognosis in upper gastrointestinal hemorrage (UGIH) depends mostly upon an early diagnosis. The addition of an around the clock endoscopist on duty in the hospital was decided upon to provide inmediate evaluation of all UGIH. The team performed 200 endoscopies, many within the first 12 hours and all of them before 24 hours of bleeding. Endoscopy was unsuccessful in 5 out of 205 attempts. The usefulness of the method was demonstrated as in 94.55% of the patients the cause of the bleeding was established. Peptic ulcers was the cause in 51.5% of the patients and acute inflammatory disease in 14.5%. Esophageal varices were found in 10%, but it is important that we observed 12 patients with non-bleeding varices in which the bleeding was in relation to associated pathologies.
Assuntos
Tecnologia de Fibra Óptica , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Gastroscopia/métodos , Gastroenteropatias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gastrointestinais/diagnóstico , HumanosRESUMO
Se señalan brevemente los exámenes empleados en el estudio posoperatorio de las coledocoduodenostomías. Se describe el método de la colangiografía duodenoscópica, así como los resultados obtenidos en 4 pacientes operados. Se hacen conclusiones preliminares (AU)
Assuntos
Colangiografia , Ducto Colédoco/cirurgia , Duodeno/cirurgiaRESUMO
PIP: 1265 cases of emergency peritonoscopy were performed in Havana from 1966-1971, including 54.5% gynecology, 17.6% gall gladder, 7.9% appendicitis, 2.6% liver abcess, and about 1% each hemoperitoneum, pancreatitis, and peptic ulcer cases. There were 4.7% normal abdomens and 2.5% incorrect diagnoses. In gynecology, 230 were ectopic pregnancies, of which 32 were diagnosed before tubal rupture. Other common findings were ovarian cysts, perforated uterus, and infections. The gall bladder, appendicitis, and pancreatitis cases are described in detail, but the remaining categories are only summarized briefly. Emergency peritonoscopy is not usually dangerous, and can often avoid exploratory laparotomy.^ieng
Assuntos
Diagnóstico , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Infecções , Laparoscopia , Gravidez Ectópica , Perfuração Uterina , América , Região do Caribe , Cuba , Países em Desenvolvimento , Doença , Endoscopia , América Latina , América do Norte , Exame Físico , Complicações na GravidezRESUMO
Se presentan los resultados obtenidos en 1 509 laparoscopias practicadas de urgencia en nuestro instituto. Un gran porcentaje de ellas correspondieron a afecciones ginecológicas y colecistopatías agudas. Se destaca el valor de la laparoscopia en las afecciones agudas abdominales, ya que permite precisar el diagnóstico, orientar al cirujano hacia el verdadero órgano afectado y evitar en muchos casos una laparotomía innecesaria. Se destaca que, dado el valor extraordinario de esta exploración que permite un diagnóstico precoz de los cuadros abdominales agudos y sufrimientos, complicaciones y riesgos innecesarios para el paciente, se deben crear Servicios de Urgencia de Laparoscopia centralizados en un hospital que brinde este servicio a los demás hospitales de una ciudad. Ello conlleva la formación de un número de laparoscopistas calificados que serán responsables de la guardia en dicho Servicio de Urgencia como hacemos actualmente en nuestro instituto (AU)