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Perovskite nanocrystals hold significant promise for a wide range of applications, including solar cells, LEDs, photocatalysts, humidity and temperature sensors, memory devices, and low-cost photodetectors. Such technological potential stems from their exceptional quantum efficiency and charge carrier conduction capability. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of photoexcitation, such as phase segregation, annealing, and ionic diffusion, remain insufficiently understood. In this context, we harnessed hyperspectral fluorescence microspectroscopy to advance our comprehension of fluorescence enhancement triggered by UV continuous-wave (cw) laser irradiation of CsPbBr3 colloidal nanocrystal thin films. Initially, we explored the kinetics of fluorescence enhancement and observed that its efficiency (φph) correlates with the laser power (P), following the relationship φph = 7.7⟨P⟩0.47±0.02. Subsequently, we estimated the local temperature induced by the laser, utilizing the finite-difference method framework, and calculated the activation energy (Ea) required for fluorescence enhancement to occur. Our findings revealed a very low activation energy, Ea ∼ 9 kJ/mol. Moreover, we mapped the fluorescence photoenhancement by spatial scanning and real-time static mode to determine its microscale length. Below a laser power of 60 µW, the photothermal diffusion length exhibited nearly constant values of approximately (22 ± 5) µm, while a significant increase was observed at higher laser power levels. These results were ascribed to the formation of nanocrystal superclusters within the film, which involves the interparticle spacing reduction, creating the so-called quantum dot solid configuration along with laser-induced annealing for higher laser powers.

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COVID-19, an airborne disease caused by a betacoronavirus named SARS-- CoV-2, was officially declared a pandemic in early 2020, resulting in more than 770 million confirmed cases and over 6.9 million deaths by September 2023. Although the introduction of vaccines in late 2020 helped reduce the number of deaths, the global effort to fight COVID-19 is far from over. While significant progress has been made in a short period, the fight against SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and other potential pandemic threats continues. Like AIDS and hepatitis C epidemics, controlling the spread of COVID-19 will require the development of multiple drugs to weaken the virus's resistance to different drug treatments. Therefore, it is essential to continue developing new drug candidates derived from natural or synthetic small molecules. Coumarins are a promising drug design and development scaffold due to their synthetic versatility and unique physicochemical properties. Numerous examples reported in scientific literature, mainly by in silico prospection, demonstrate their potential contribution to the rapid development of drugs against SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and other emergent and reemergent viruses.

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The gut microbiome has recently been the subject of considerable scientific interest due to its essential bodily functions. Several factors can change the composition and function of the gut microbiome, and dietary habits are one of the most important contributors. Despite the recognition of the probiotic effects related to the genus Bifidobacterium spp. (BIF) studies aiming to assess its relationship with metabolic outcomes show conflicting results, particularly in the child population. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the fecal abundance of BIF in a group of schoolchildren from public schools in Bahia, Brazil, and to investigate their relationship with food consumption and laboratory and anthropometric characteristics. A sample of 190 subjects aged 5 to 19y was randomly selected for dietary, laboratory, and anthropometric assessment. Fecal BIF abundance assessment was performed using the Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction assay. Fecal BIF abundance was higher among subjects who had lower intakes of meat. The abundance of BIF was also higher among subjects with lower Waist Circumference and Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR). Low BIF abundance was associated with a higher prevalence of hyperglycemia (PR 1.04, 95%CI 1.02-1.07, p = 0.001) and high WHtR (PR 1.04, 95%CI 1.01-1, 08, p = 0.015). These findings allow us to conclude that BIF fecal abundance is related to dietary and anthropometric parameters in schoolchildren, and its increase is associated with positive metabolic outcomes.

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Introdução: As intervenções cirúrgicas pós-bariátricas vêm se tornando cada vez mais frequentes e englobam a abdominoplastia, a cirurgia plástica interna da coxa, a braquioplastia e a mastopexia. Porém, devido ao caráter disabsortivo e restritivo do paciente bariátrico, esse estudo tem como objetivo apresentar as complicações advindas de procedimentos estéticos realizados nestes pacientes, expondo os fatores de risco mais associados às sequelas e levantando opções para um melhor desfecho. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de caráter qualitativo, segundo a pergunta norteadora: "Quais as principais complicações em cirurgias plásticas realizadas em pacientes bariatricados?". A busca foi realizada nas plataformas Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) e PubMed. Os artigos incluídos no estudo foram analisados pelo método de conteúdo. Resultados: No total foram incluídos 6 artigos, nos quais observou-se que as principais complicações de cirurgias de contorno corporal, tais como a abdominoplastia e a braquioplastia, em pacientes bariatricados foram, principalmente, deiscência de feridas, seromas e hematomas, complicações, essas, relacionadas principalmente ao índice de massa corporal (IMC) do paciente, às suas comorbidades e ao tabagismo. Conclusão: Percebe-se, hoje, uma maior demanda pelas cirurgias plásticas reparadoras pósbariátrica, principalmente pela abdominoplastia. Consequentemente, houve, também, um aumento no número de complicações intraoperatórias, destacando-se o seroma e a deiscência de feridas. Para amenizá-las, a melhor solução é trabalhar no controle de fatores de risco pré-operatórios do paciente, tais como o IMC elevado e o tabagismo, além de comorbidades que levam à deficiência de cicatrização.

Introduction: Post-bariatric surgical interventions have become increasingly frequent, including abdominoplasty, inner thigh plastic surgery, brachioplasty, and mastopexy. However, due to bariatric patients' malabsorptive and restrictive nature, this study aims to present complications arising from aesthetic procedures performed on these patients, exposing the risk factors most associated with sequelae and raising options for a better outcome. Method: An integrative qualitative literature review was carried out according to the guiding question: "What are the main complications in plastic surgeries performed on bariatric patients?". The search was conducted on the Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS) and PubMed platforms. The articles included in the study were analyzed using the content method. Results: In total, 6 articles were included, in which it was observed that the main complications of body contouring surgeries, such as abdominoplasty and brachioplasty, in bariatric patients were mainly wound dehiscence, seromas and hematomas, complications, these, mainly related to the patient's body mass index (BMI), their comorbidities and smoking. Conclusion: Today, there is a greater demand for post-bariatric reconstructive plastic surgery, especially abdominoplasty. Consequently, there was also an increase in intraoperative complications, notably seroma and wound dehiscence. To alleviate them, the best solution is to work on controlling the patient's preoperative risk factors, such as high BMI and smoking, as well as comorbidities that lead to poor healing.

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Objective: To identify the 2022 recommendations made by ministries of health in the 13 countries and areas of South America for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Methods: A systematic review of scientific literature and official documents was conducted between July 7 and October 17, 2022. The review included an initial search on official websites (e.g. ministries of health, national cancer institutes and health departments) of South American countries to identify current guidelines or recommendations for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Results: Recommendations for HPV vaccination were found for 11 countries, with the exceptions of French Guiana and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Recommendations were found for cervical cancer screening in official documents from 11 countries, with the exceptions of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, where one article was found that was not an official recommendation, and Suriname, for which no documents were found on websites or in other publications. A total of 12 countries use cytology to screen for cervical cancer. Four countries (Bolivia [Plurinational State of], Colombia, Guyana and Peru) use visual inspection with acetic acid and the screen-and-treat strategy. Six countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru) are transitioning from cytology to HPV testing. Conclusions: No documents were found about a national HPV vaccination program in French Guiana and Venezuela, and no official guidelines for cervical cancer screening were found for Suriname and Venezuela; thus, it will be difficult to eliminate this public health problem in these countries. Countries in South America must update their guidelines for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening as new evidence emerges. Official websites with information about HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening are important sources that can be accessed by health professionals and the population.

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[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To identify the 2022 recommendations made by ministries of health in the 13 countries and areas of South America for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Methods. A systematic review of scientific literature and official documents was conducted between July 7 and October 17, 2022. The review included an initial search on official websites (e.g. ministries of health, national cancer institutes and health departments) of South American countries to identify current guidelines or recommendations for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Results. Recommendations for HPV vaccination were found for 11 countries, with the exceptions of French Guiana and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Recommendations were found for cervical cancer screening in official documents from 11 countries, with the exceptions of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, where one article was found that was not an official recommendation, and Suriname, for which no documents were found on websites or in other publications. A total of 12 countries use cytology to screen for cervical cancer. Four countries (Bolivia [Plurinational State of], Colombia, Guyana and Peru) use visual inspection with acetic acid and the screen-and-treat strategy. Six countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru) are transitioning from cytology to HPV testing. Conclusions. No documents were found about a national HPV vaccination program in French Guiana and Venezuela, and no official guidelines for cervical cancer screening were found for Suriname and Venezuela; thus, it will be difficult to eliminate this public health problem in these countries. Countries in South America must update their guidelines for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening as new evidence emerges. Official websites with information about HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening are important sources that can be accessed by health professionals and the population.

[RESUMEN]. Objetivo. Determinar las recomendaciones formuladas en el 2022 por los ministerios de salud de los 13 países y zonas de América del Sur en materia de vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y detección del cáncer cervicouterino. Métodos. Entre el 7 de julio y el 17 de octubre del 2022 se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de publi- caciones científicas y documentos oficiales. La revisión comprendió una búsqueda inicial en los sitios web oficiales (por ejemplo, de los ministerios de salud, los institutos nacionales del cáncer y los departamentos de salud) de los países de América del Sur, para determinar las directrices o recomendaciones actuales relativas a la vacunación contra el VPH y la detección del cáncer cervicouterino. Resultados. Se encontraron recomendaciones sobre la vacunación contra el VPH en 11 países, excepto Guayana Francesa y República Bolivariana de Venezuela. Se encontraron recomendaciones sobre la detec- ción del cáncer cervicouterino en documentos oficiales de 11 países, excepto República Bolivariana de Venezuela, donde se encontró un artículo que no era una recomendación oficial, y Suriname, para el cual no se encontraron documentos ni en sitios web ni en otras publicaciones. En 12 países se utiliza la citología como método para la detección del cáncer cervicouterino. En cuatro países (Bolivia [Estado Plurinacional de], Colombia, Guyana y Perú) se utiliza la inspección visual tras la aplicación de ácido acético y la estrategia de detección y tratamiento. En seis países (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay y Perú) se está llevando a cabo un proceso de transición, de la citología a la realización de pruebas de detección del VPH. Conclusiones. No se encontraron documentos sobre un programa nacional de vacunación contra el VPH en Guayana Francesa y República Bolivariana de Venezuela, y tampoco se encontraron directrices oficiales para la detección del cáncer cervicouterino en Suriname y Venezuela. En consecuencia, la eliminación de este problema de salud pública en dichos países será una tarea difícil. Los países de América del Sur deben actualizar sus directrices sobre la vacunación contra el VPH y el tamizaje del cáncer cervicouterino a medida que surja nueva evidencia al respecto. Los sitios web oficiales con información sobre la vacunación contra el VPH y la detección del cáncer cervicouterino son fuentes importantes de información que pueden consultar los profesionales de la salud y la población.

[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Identificar as recomendações para 2022 dos ministérios da saúde de 13 países e áreas da América do Sul referentes à vacinação contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV) e o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero. Métodos. Uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica e de documentos oficiais foi realizada entre 7 de julho e 17 de outubro de 2022. A revisão incluiu uma pesquisa inicial em sites oficiais (por exemplo, de ministérios da saúde, institutos nacionais de câncer e departamentos de saúde) de países sul-americanos para identificar diretrizes ou recomendações atuais para a vacinação contra o HPV e o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero. Resultados. Foram encontradas recomendações de vacinação contra o HPV em 11 países; as exceções foram a Guiana Francesa e a República Bolivariana da Venezuela. Foram encontradas recomendações de rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero em documentos oficiais de 11 países, com exceção da República Bolivariana da Venezuela, onde foi encontrado um artigo que não era uma recomendação oficial, e do Suriname, para o qual não foram encontrados documentos em sites nem em outras publicações. No total, 12 países usam citologia para rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero. Quatro países (Bolívia [Estado Pluri- nacional da], Colômbia, Guiana e Peru) usam inspeção visual com ácido acético e a estratégia de “Ver e Tratar”. Seis países (Argentina, Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Paraguai e Peru) estão fazendo a transição da citologia para a testagem de HPV. Conclusões. Não foram encontrados documentos sobre nenhum programa nacional de vacinação contra o HPV na Guiana Francesa e na Venezuela, e não foram encontradas diretrizes oficiais de rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero no Suriname e na Venezuela; portanto, será difícil eliminar esse problema de saúde pública nesses países. Os países da América do Sul precisam atualizar suas diretrizes de vacinação contra o HPV e de rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero à medida que surjam novas evidências. Os sites oficiais com informações sobre a vacinação contra o HPV e o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero são fontes importantes que podem ser acessadas pelos profissionais de saúde e pela população.

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Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption impacts nutrient intake and plays an important role in non-communicable diseases (NCD), even among schoolchildren. This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the food consumption of this population and its relationship with laboratory and anthropometric aspects. A sample of 190 subjects aged 5 to 19 y was randomly selected for dietary, laboratory, and anthropometric assessment. Statistical inference was calculated using Spearman's correlation. Excess weight was observed in 34%, a high Waist-to-Height Ratio in 9%, and hypertriglyceridemia in 17% of the subjects, higher among those from urban schools (45%, p = 0.011; 15%, p = 0.015; 24%, p = 0.026, respectively). UPF consumption represented 21% of caloric intake and showed a positive correlation with trans fatty acids (r = 0.70) and sugar (r = 0.59) intake. Unprocessed food consumption showed a weak, but significant, correlation with Body Mass Index (r = 0.22) and Waist Circumference (r = 0.23), while processed meat showed a negative correlation with serum ferritin (r = -0.16) and vitamins D (r = -0.20) and B12 (r = -0.15). These findings highlight the need for public policies to promote Food and Nutritional Security for schoolchildren to prevent NCD and nutritional deficiencies.

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Lead (Pb) halide perovskite nanocrystals, with the general formula APbX3 , where A=CH3 NH3+ , CH(NH2 )2+ , or Cs+ and X=Cl- , Br- , or I- , have emerged as a class of materials with promising properties due to their remarkable optical properties and solar cell performance. However, important issues still need to be addressed to enable practical applications of these materials, such as instability, mass production, and Pb toxicity. Recent studies have carried out the replacement of Pb by various less-toxic cations as Sn, Ge, Sb, and Bi. This variety of chemical compositions provide Pb-free perovskite and metal halide nanostructures with a wide spectral range, in addition to being considered less toxic, therefore having greater practical applicability. Highlighting the necessity to address and solve the toxicity problems related to Pb-containing perovskite, this review considers the prospects of the Pb-free perovskite, involving synthesis methods, and properties of them, including advantages, disadvantages, and applications.

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ABSTRACT Objective. To identify the 2022 recommendations made by ministries of health in the 13 countries and areas of South America for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Methods. A systematic review of scientific literature and official documents was conducted between July 7 and October 17, 2022. The review included an initial search on official websites (e.g. ministries of health, national cancer institutes and health departments) of South American countries to identify current guidelines or recommendations for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening. Results. Recommendations for HPV vaccination were found for 11 countries, with the exceptions of French Guiana and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. Recommendations were found for cervical cancer screening in official documents from 11 countries, with the exceptions of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, where one article was found that was not an official recommendation, and Suriname, for which no documents were found on websites or in other publications. A total of 12 countries use cytology to screen for cervical cancer. Four countries (Bolivia [Plurinational State of], Colombia, Guyana and Peru) use visual inspection with acetic acid and the screen-and-treat strategy. Six countries (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru) are transitioning from cytology to HPV testing. Conclusions. No documents were found about a national HPV vaccination program in French Guiana and Venezuela, and no official guidelines for cervical cancer screening were found for Suriname and Venezuela; thus, it will be difficult to eliminate this public health problem in these countries. Countries in South America must update their guidelines for HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening as new evidence emerges. Official websites with information about HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening are important sources that can be accessed by health professionals and the population.

RESUMEN Objetivo. Determinar las recomendaciones formuladas en el 2022 por los ministerios de salud de los 13 países y zonas de América del Sur en materia de vacunación contra el virus del papiloma humano (VPH) y detección del cáncer cervicouterino. Métodos. Entre el 7 de julio y el 17 de octubre del 2022 se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de publicaciones científicas y documentos oficiales. La revisión comprendió una búsqueda inicial en los sitios web oficiales (por ejemplo, de los ministerios de salud, los institutos nacionales del cáncer y los departamentos de salud) de los países de América del Sur, para determinar las directrices o recomendaciones actuales relativas a la vacunación contra el VPH y la detección del cáncer cervicouterino. Resultados. Se encontraron recomendaciones sobre la vacunación contra el VPH en 11 países, excepto Guayana Francesa y República Bolivariana de Venezuela. Se encontraron recomendaciones sobre la detección del cáncer cervicouterino en documentos oficiales de 11 países, excepto República Bolivariana de Venezuela, donde se encontró un artículo que no era una recomendación oficial, y Suriname, para el cual no se encontraron documentos ni en sitios web ni en otras publicaciones. En 12 países se utiliza la citología como método para la detección del cáncer cervicouterino. En cuatro países (Bolivia [Estado Plurinacional de], Colombia, Guyana y Perú) se utiliza la inspección visual tras la aplicación de ácido acético y la estrategia de detección y tratamiento. En seis países (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay y Perú) se está llevando a cabo un proceso de transición, de la citología a la realización de pruebas de detección del VPH. Conclusiones. No se encontraron documentos sobre un programa nacional de vacunación contra el VPH en Guayana Francesa y República Bolivariana de Venezuela, y tampoco se encontraron directrices oficiales para la detección del cáncer cervicouterino en Suriname y Venezuela. En consecuencia, la eliminación de este problema de salud pública en dichos países será una tarea difícil. Los países de América del Sur deben actualizar sus directrices sobre la vacunación contra el VPH y el tamizaje del cáncer cervicouterino a medida que surja nueva evidencia al respecto. Los sitios web oficiales con información sobre la vacunación contra el VPH y la detección del cáncer cervicouterino son fuentes importantes de información que pueden consultar los profesionales de la salud y la población.

RESUMO Objetivo. Identificar as recomendações para 2022 dos ministérios da saúde de 13 países e áreas da América do Sul referentes à vacinação contra o papilomavírus humano (HPV) e o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero. Métodos. Uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica e de documentos oficiais foi realizada entre 7 de julho e 17 de outubro de 2022. A revisão incluiu uma pesquisa inicial em sites oficiais (por exemplo, de ministérios da saúde, institutos nacionais de câncer e departamentos de saúde) de países sul-americanos para identificar diretrizes ou recomendações atuais para a vacinação contra o HPV e o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero. Resultados. Foram encontradas recomendações de vacinação contra o HPV em 11 países; as exceções foram a Guiana Francesa e a República Bolivariana da Venezuela. Foram encontradas recomendações de rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero em documentos oficiais de 11 países, com exceção da República Bolivariana da Venezuela, onde foi encontrado um artigo que não era uma recomendação oficial, e do Suriname, para o qual não foram encontrados documentos em sites nem em outras publicações. No total, 12 países usam citologia para rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero. Quatro países (Bolívia [Estado Plurinacional da], Colômbia, Guiana e Peru) usam inspeção visual com ácido acético e a estratégia de "Ver e Tratar". Seis países (Argentina, Chile, Colômbia, Equador, Paraguai e Peru) estão fazendo a transição da citologia para a testagem de HPV. Conclusões. Não foram encontrados documentos sobre nenhum programa nacional de vacinação contra o HPV na Guiana Francesa e na Venezuela, e não foram encontradas diretrizes oficiais de rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero no Suriname e na Venezuela; portanto, será difícil eliminar esse problema de saúde pública nesses países. Os países da América do Sul precisam atualizar suas diretrizes de vacinação contra o HPV e de rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero à medida que surjam novas evidências. Os sites oficiais com informações sobre a vacinação contra o HPV e o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero são fontes importantes que podem ser acessadas pelos profissionais de saúde e pela população.

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CONTEXT: Studies using experimental models have demonstrated that prebiotics are involved in antiosteoporotic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the impact of supplementation with prebiotics in the basal diet of ovariectomized rats with induced osteoporosis as a preclinical model. METHODS: A comprehensive systematic search was carried out in the electronic databases PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scielo, and Google through March 2022 for studies that investigated the impact of prebiotics on bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone biomechanics. RESULTS: The search returned 844 complete articles, abstracts, or book chapters. After detailed screening, 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. Rats (n = 206), were randomly divided between control and treatment groups. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with the 95%CIs were used to estimate the combined effect size. Compared with the control group, dietary intake of prebiotics significantly increased bone density in the BMD subgroups, with WMDs as follows: 0.03 g/cm3, 95%CI, 0.01-0.05, P < 0.00001, n = 46; and 0.00 g/cm2, 95%CI, 0.00-0.02, P < 0.00001, n = 81; total BMD: WMD, 0.01, 95%CI, 0.01-0.02, P < 0.00001, n = 127; bone content in BMC: WMD, 0.02 g, 95%CI, 0.00-0.04, P = 0.05, n = 107; and the 3-point-bend test: WMD, 15.20 N, 95%CI, 5.92-24.47, P = 0.00001, n = 120. CONCLUSION: Prebiotics improve indicators of osteoporosis, BMD, BMC, and bone biomechanics in ovariectomized rats. More studies are needed to increase the level of evidence. SYSTEMIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: Systematic Review Protocol for Animal Intervention Studies.

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The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is the second most widely used herbicide in the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the neurotoxic effects and the possible role of the dysregulation of apoptosis in the genesis of brain damage in chronic exposure to 2,4-D in rats. Eighty adult male rats were distributed into eight groups (n = 10) and exposed orally (contaminated feed) and via inhalation, with two groups exposed to distilled water (control) and six to 2,4-D in three distinct concentrations. They were exposed for 6 months. A neurobehavioral assessment was performed, and the brain was collected for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The animals in the control groups showed greater motility in the open-field test and a greater number of entries in the elevated-plus-maze test than those exposed to 2,4-D (p < 0.05). Neuronal necrosis was more incident in animals exposed to 2,4-D (p < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the expression of BAX and the measurement of the cerebral cortex thickness (r = -0.713; p = 0.047). Regardless of the route of exposure, 2,4-D led to a deficit in neurobehavioral tests and decreased thickness of the cerebral cortex associated with increased expression of the pro-apoptotic protein BAX.

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AIMS: The aim of this study is to verify the clinical validity of clinical indicators and aetiological factors of sedentary lifestyle in individuals with arterial hypertension. BACKGROUND: Diagnostic validation is performed to expand nursing taxonomies and to revise or confirm the described concepts. New elements listed in the literature and those identified by the NANDA International definition for sedentary lifestyle need to be evaluated. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional and diagnostic validation study. The STROBE guidelines were used in this study. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty subjects aged over 18 years were evaluated. The diagnostic status of the participants was obtained by latent class analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify aetiological factors with the manifestation of sedentary lifestyle, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: A total of 57.8% of the study participants met the diagnostic criteria for sedentary lifestyle. The clinical indicators with high sensitivity were as follows: "Average daily physical activity is less than recommended for gender and age"; "Does not perform physical activity during leisure time"; "Preference for activity low in physical activity" and "Overweight." The significantly related factors associated with the diagnosis of sedentary lifestyle were as follows: "Insufficient knowledge on physical activity," "Lack of time," "Negative self-perception of health," "Lack of security," "Lack of appropriate place," "Lack of motivation," "Activity intolerance," "Lack of sports ability," "Having a partner," "Using public transportation," "Perception of physical disability," "Pain," "Having a job/studying," "Laziness," "Impaired mobility," "Living in an urban area," "Education in a public institution," "Female gender," "Lack of confidence to practice physical exercise," "Education level," "Age" and "Lack of social support for the practice of physical exercise." CONCLUSION: Four out of eight clinical indicators had a good adjustment by the latent class analysis. Of the 27 aetiological factors, 22 were significantly associated with sedentary lifestyle. RELEVANCE TO PRACTICE: The correct identification of sedentary lifestyle and its elements supports care planning, especially for health promotion and disease prevention.

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Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide in the world. Although some studies have shown cardiac electrophysiological changes associated to glyphosate, the histopathological changes that this herbicide may cause in the cardiovascular system are not yet established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiovascular effects of subchronic oral and inhalation exposure to the glyphosate herbicide in rats. Eighty albino Wistar rats were distributed into eight groups (five males and five females/group): inhalation control: nebulization with sodium chloride solution (NaCl); oral control: nebulized feed with NaCl; low inhalation concentration: nebulization with 3.71 × 10-3 grams of active ingredient per hectare (g.a.i./ha) of glyphosate; low oral concentration: nebulized feed with 3.71 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha of glyphosate; medium inhalation concentration: nebulization with 6.19 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha of glyphosate; medium oral concentration: nebulized feed with 6.19 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha of glyphosate; high inhalation concentration: nebulization with 9.28 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha of glyphosate; and high oral concentration: nebulized feed with 9.28 × 10-3 g.a.i./ha of glyphosate. After 75 days of exposure, the animals were euthanized, and aortas and hearts were collected for histopathological analysis. Fatty streaks were observed in most animals exposed to glyphosate and were more prevalent in male rats, regardless of the route of exposure (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the measurements of the thickness of the right and left ventricle or in the collagen density of both ventricles in any of the groups evaluated (p > 0.05). Our study suggests that glyphosate has atherogenic potential, regardless of the concentration and route of exposure.

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Cigarette smoke in large centers is one of the most important causes of chronic inflammatory diseases in public health and is associated with a decrease in bone mass, consolidation process, and bone remodeling. Due to their ability to improve intestinal absorption and compete with pathogenic microorganisms, dietary supplementation with functional foods may contribute to improvement in bone quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of functional, probiotic, prebiotic, or symbiotic food supplementation on mineral composition, histomorphometry, and bone biomechanical properties of rats in the growth phase, chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (T).Sixty-four young male rats were randomly assigned to eight groups (n=8): control (C) [standard diet (SD)]; probiotic (Pro) [SD + probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Bifidobacterium longum) (2-5 109 UFC each)]; prebiotic (Pre) [SD+ prebiotic (mannan oligosaccharide)]; symbiotic (Sym) (SD + probiotic + prebiotic); control smoking (SC) [(SD + exposure protocol to passive smoking (PS)]; probiotic smoking (ProS) (SD + probiotic + PS); prebiotic smoking (PreS) (SD + prebiotic + PS), and symbiotic smoking (SymS)(SD + prebiotic + probiotic + PS). The animals were euthanized after 189 days of the experimental protocol. Results showed that supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics significantly improved (P<0.05) the parameters: P, Ca, Mg, BMD, BMC, strength, resilience, and size of area of the femoral diaphysis of the animals chronically exposed or not cigarette smoke. We concluded that functional food supplementation improved the bone health of rats chronically exposed or not to cigarette smoke.(AU)

A fumaça de cigarro em grandes centros é uma das causas mais importantes de doenças inflamatórias crônicas em saúde pública e esta associada à diminuição de massa óssea, processo de consolidação e remodelação óssea. Os alimentos funcionais suplementados na dieta, devido sua capacidade de melhorar a absorção intestinal e competir com microrganismos patógenos, podem contribuir para a melhora da qualidade óssea. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de alimentos funcionais, probiótico, prebiótico ou simbiótico, na composição mineral, histomorfometria e nas propriedades biomecânicas ósseas de ratos em fase de crescimento expostos cronicamente a fumaça do cigarro (T). Sessenta e quatro ratos machos jovens foram randomicamente distribuídos em oito grupos (n=8): controle (C) [dieta basal (DB)]; probiótico (Pro) [DB + probiótico (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterecoccusfaecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilumandBifidobacterium longum (2-5 109 UFC cada)]; prebiótico (Pre) [DB + prebiótico (mananoligossacarídeo)]; simbiótico (Sym) (DB + probiótico + prebiótico); controle fumante (CS) [(DB + protocolo de exposição ao tabagismo passivo(PT)]; probiótico fumante (ProS) (DB + probiótico + PT); prebiótico fumante (PreS) (DB + prebiótico + PT); e simbiótico fumante (SymS) (DB + prebiótico + probiótico + PT). Os animais foram mortos após 189 dias de período experimental.Os resultados revelaram que a suplementação com probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos melhoraram significativamente (P<0,05) os parâmetros: P, Ca, Mg, DMO, CMO, resistência, resiliência e tamanho da área das diáfises dos fêmures dos animais expostos, cronicamente ou não, a fumaça do cigarro. Os resultados permitem concluir que a suplementação dos alimentos funcionais melhorou a saúde óssea de ratos expostos cronicamente ou não a fumaça do cigarro.(AU)

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RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Cigarette smoke in large centers is one of the most important causes of chronic inflammatory diseases in public health and is associated with a decrease in bone mass, consolidation process, and bone remodeling. Due to their ability to improve intestinal absorption and compete with pathogenic microorganisms, dietary supplementation with functional foods may contribute to improvement in bone quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of functional, probiotic, prebiotic, or symbiotic food supplementation on mineral composition, histomorphometry, and bone biomechanical properties of rats in the growth phase, chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (T).Sixty-four young male rats were randomly assigned to eight groups (n=8): control (C) [standard diet (SD)]; probiotic (Pro) [SD + probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Bifidobacterium longum) (2-5 109 UFC each)]; prebiotic (Pre) [SD+ prebiotic (mannan oligosaccharide)]; symbiotic (Sym) (SD + probiotic + prebiotic); control smoking (SC) [(SD + exposure protocol to passive smoking (PS)]; probiotic smoking (ProS) (SD + probiotic + PS); prebiotic smoking (PreS) (SD + prebiotic + PS), and symbiotic smoking (SymS)(SD + prebiotic + probiotic + PS). The animals were euthanized after 189 days of the experimental protocol. Results showed that supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics significantly improved (P<0.05) the parameters: P, Ca, Mg, BMD, BMC, strength, resilience, and size of area of the femoral diaphysis of the animals chronically exposed or not cigarette smoke. We concluded that functional food supplementation improved the bone health of rats chronically exposed or not to cigarette smoke.

RESUMO: A fumaça de cigarro em grandes centros é uma das causas mais importantes de doenças inflamatórias crônicas em saúde pública e esta associada à diminuição de massa óssea, processo de consolidação e remodelação óssea. Os alimentos funcionais suplementados na dieta, devido sua capacidade de melhorar a absorção intestinal e competir com microrganismos patógenos, podem contribuir para a melhora da qualidade óssea. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação de alimentos funcionais, probiótico, prebiótico ou simbiótico, na composição mineral, histomorfometria e nas propriedades biomecânicas ósseas de ratos em fase de crescimento expostos cronicamente a fumaça do cigarro (T). Sessenta e quatro ratos machos jovens foram randomicamente distribuídos em oito grupos (n=8): controle (C) [dieta basal (DB)]; probiótico (Pro) [DB + probiótico (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterecoccusfaecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilumandBifidobacterium longum (2-5 109 UFC cada)]; prebiótico (Pre) [DB + prebiótico (mananoligossacarídeo)]; simbiótico (Sym) (DB + probiótico + prebiótico); controle fumante (CS) [(DB + protocolo de exposição ao tabagismo passivo(PT)]; probiótico fumante (ProS) (DB + probiótico + PT); prebiótico fumante (PreS) (DB + prebiótico + PT); e simbiótico fumante (SymS) (DB + prebiótico + probiótico + PT). Os animais foram mortos após 189 dias de período experimental.Os resultados revelaram que a suplementação com probióticos, prebióticos e simbióticos melhoraram significativamente (P<0,05) os parâmetros: P, Ca, Mg, DMO, CMO, resistência, resiliência e tamanho da área das diáfises dos fêmures dos animais expostos, cronicamente ou não, a fumaça do cigarro. Os resultados permitem concluir que a suplementação dos alimentos funcionais melhorou a saúde óssea de ratos expostos cronicamente ou não a fumaça do cigarro.

RESUMO

Este estudo traz como objetivo o delineamento do perfil do acadêmico ingresso do curso de Odontologia-UFJF/GV. Sob abordagem observacional, transversal e predominantemente descritiva, sua coleta de dados foi dinamizada pela aplicação de um questionário. Da análise sociodemográfica predominou: mulheres jovens, pardas, solteiras e mineiras, com renda familiar entre 03 e 10 salários mínimos, oriundas de escola privada, tendo ingressado na UFJF/GV através do ENEM, sem se utilizar do sistema de cotas. Das expectativas acadêmicas destaca-se que o curso de Odontologia não se consagrou como a primeira escolha profissional. Ainda no espaço formativo, reconhecem a contribuição das disciplinas de cunho social e humanístico, apesar de acreditarem que a melhor sistemática de aprendizagem se centra na prioridade de atividades práticas em detrimento de conhecimentos teóricos. Mais especificamente, quanto ao curso de Odontologia da UFJF/GV, afirmam que a escolha ficou condicionada à proximidade da família e as aflições direcionadas ao alto custo. Por fim, as expectativas profissionais, onde insegura quanto ao futuro mercado de trabalho, hipoteticamente, como recém-formada, espera atuar no campo de trabalho como especialista, sob vínculo público e com provimentos entre R$2.001,00 a R$3.500,00. Como conclusão, indo além da caracterização do perfil, acredita-se que os dados coletados possam servir como um instrumento direcionador para se mensurar a distância entre o acadêmico ingresso da UFJF/GV com as expectativas do egresso preconizado pelas DCN's, portanto, conduzindo melhor a atuação do corpo docente, e até mesmo do curso, em prol de uma formação odontológica mais contextualizada e direcionada às reais necessidades da população brasileira.

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