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BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate and describe the indicators of occupational health, with a focus on the medical expertise and periodic medical examination. METHODS: This is exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional, documentary, quantitative, and retrospective research, in the historical series: 2011 to 2015. RESULTS: The number of lost days of work per worker and the frequency of licenses increased despite the decrease in the Absenteeism Duration Index and stabilization of the Frequency of Medical Workers. As for the adhesion of the workers to the Periodic Medical Examinations, it was decreasing, with a higher percentage in the year 2012 (35.3%). During the analyzed period, 5,186 workers performed the Periodic Medical Examination, and the majority (60.6%) presented non-ideal weight, 41.1% were sedentary, 33.2% had dyslipidemia, 29.0% were alcoholic, 3.2% were smokers, 5.9% had diabetics, and 16.4% reported high noise in the workplace, 27.8% inadequate lighting and 35.9% inadequate work furniture. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the need to maintain and strengthen the Worker Health and Safety Policy with emphasis on surveillance, aiming at the promotion and protection of the health of the workers, based on the elaboration of the epidemiological profile of health and, consequently, the implementation of positive impact strategies.
Assuntos
Saúde Ocupacional , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Retrospectivos , Local de Trabalho , AbsenteísmoRESUMO
Evasion from apoptosis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is known to modulate apoptosis by inhibiting caspases and ubiquitinating target proteins. XIAP is mainly found at the cytoplasm, but recent data link nuclear XIAP to poor prognosis in breast cancer. Here, we generated a mutant form of XIAP with a nuclear localization signal (XIAPNLS-C-term) and investigated the oncogenic mechanisms associated with nuclear XIAP in breast cancer. Our results show that cells overexpressing XIAPΔRING (RING deletion) and XIAPNLS-C-term exhibited XIAP nuclear localization more abundantly than XIAPwild-type. Remarkably, overexpression of XIAPNLS-C-term, but not XIAPΔRING, conferred resistance to doxorubicin and increased cellular proliferative capacity. Interestingly, Survivin and c-IAP1 expression were not associated with XIAP oncogenic effects. However, NFκB expression and ubiquitination of K63, but not K48 chains, were increased following XIAPNLS-C-term overexpression, pointing to nuclear signaling transduction. Consistently, multivariate analysis revealed nuclear, but not cytoplasmic XIAP, as an independent prognostic factor in hormone receptor-negative breast cancer patients. Altogether, our findings suggest that nuclear XIAP confers poor outcome and RING-associated breast cancer growth and chemoresistance.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/genética , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Núcleo Celular/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose Ligadas ao Cromossomo X/metabolismo , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/genética , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Núcleo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/genética , Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Lisina/metabolismo , Análise Multivariada , Proteínas Mutantes/metabolismo , Mutação/genética , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Poliubiquitina/metabolismo , Prognóstico , Domínios Proteicos , Receptores de Superfície Celular/metabolismo , Análise de Sobrevida , Ubiquitinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose Ligadas ao Cromossomo X/químicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Preclinical evidence suggests that zoledronic acid (ZOL) works synergistically with chemotherapy by enhancing anti-tumor activity. ZOL blocks the mevalonate pathway and may indirectly interact with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) pathway activation. The clinical efficacy and biological rationale of chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 therapy and ZOL as a part of neoadjuvant therapy has not been previously tested. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a phase II clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ZOL as part of a neoadjuvant treatment in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer (BC). The protocol consisted of four cycles of doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide with ZOL, followed by four cycles of docetaxel with trastuzumab and ZOL prior to surgery. The primary endpoint was the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate. Secondary endpoints were safety and the identification of clinicopathological characteristics associated with pCR. RESULTS: A total of 71 patients with stage IIA to IIIB BC were included, with 60 eligible for the safety assessment and 58 for the efficacy analysis. Overall, the pCR rate was 42%, with higher rates in hormone receptor (HR)-positive tumors (40%), which contrasts with the results of pivotal trials. The most commonly observed grade 3 and 4 events were febrile neutropenia (grade 3, 20%; grade 4, 3%) and diarrhea (grade 3, 12%). CONCLUSIONS: The addition of ZOL as a repositioning drug in neoadjuvant treatment was an effective and well-tolerated therapy. This drug combination might overcome endocrine and anti-HER2 resistance. The higher pCR rates in the HR-positive subgroup deserve further translational investigation.
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of nasal decongestant on nasalance scores for a group of 100 individuals. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-one subjects with hypernasality and 59 subjects without hypernasality underwent nasometric assessment at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil. DESIGN: Nasalance scores were obtained for each subject before the application of a nasal decongestant and again 10 minutes after subjects received a topical nasal decongestant applied into both nostrils. RESULTS: The nasalance scores obtained after the application of the nasal decongestant were significantly higher than those obtained before the decongestant. CONCLUSIONS: Nasal decongestion had a small but statistically significant effect on nasalance scores, suggesting that in some individuals, nasal congestion should be a variable of concern when using the Nasometer. Both nasal congestion (i.e., due to nasal rhinitis) and the effects of nasal decongestant sprays may influence Nasometer test results. Interpretation of nasalance scores, therefore, should be done carefully. Furthermore, nasometry, with and without nasal decongestant, can be a valuable clinical tool for screening anterior nasal obstruction, helping to isolate obstruction due to nasal congestion from structural obstruction in the nasal cavities.
Assuntos
Descongestionantes Nasais/administração & dosagem , Obstrução Nasal/diagnóstico , Distúrbios da Voz/fisiopatologia , Qualidade da Voz , Administração por Inalação , Adolescente , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fenilefrina/administração & dosagem , Rinomanometria/instrumentação , Rinomanometria/métodos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Medida da Produção da Fala , Distúrbios da Voz/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Tema: a prótese de palato elevadora é indicada para a incompetência velofaríngea, de origem neurológica. Objetivo: investigar o efeito da mesma na análise acústica vocal. Método: a voz de um grupo de 7 adultos disártricos foi avaliada instrumental e perceptivamente. Resultados: a análise acústica näo demonstrou diferença significante entre os indivíduos, nas condiçöes com e sem prótese, enquanto a análise perceptivo-auditiva demonstrou melhora significante apenas na inteligibilidadfe e ressonância de fala. Conclusä: a prótese de palato produziu efeito na fala, mas näo na voz dos indivíduos disártricos.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Disartria , Acústica da Fala , Insuficiência VelofaríngeaRESUMO
A proposta do presente estudo foi determinar os valores de nasalância em duas emissões diferentes do vocábulo "papai" para 180 indivíduos falantes normais do Português Brasileiro, divididos em três faixas etárias (crianças, adolescentes e adultos). Procurou-se ainda verificar a existência de diferenças entre os sexos, faixas etárias e as duas diferentes emissões do vocábulo (isolado ou em frase) e se o reposicionamento do indivíduo na placa do Nasômetro (tempos 1 e 2) não interfere na nasalância. Os resultados demonstraram que os valores de nasalância variaram de acordo com o sexo, a idade e a forma de emissão, mas que o reposicionamento do indivíduo na placa do Nasômetro não interferiu nestes valores.