RESUMO
Em guaxinins, comumente se observa a presença de osteoartrites acometendo a articulação coxofemoral. Em carnívoros domésticos, o tratamento pode ser conservativo ou cirúrgico e, dentre as técnicas cirúrgicas, cita-se a colocefalectomia. Por ser um procedimento que provoca dor moderada a severa, um protocolo de anestesia balanceada se faz necessário, podendo associar a técnicas de bloqueio locorregional, como a epidural. Protocolos descritos para a espécie são limitados, porém comumente empregados para contenções químicas, avaliações físicas e exames de imagem. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar a o protocolo anestésico realizado em guaxinim (Procyon cancrivorus) submetido à colocefalectomia. Foram utilizados dexmedetomidina (5µg/kg), cetamina (5mg/kg) e diazepam (0,3mg/kg) por via intramuscular como medicação pré-anestésica, indução com propofol e manutenção por anestesia inalatória com isoflurano. Para execução da anestesia epidural, realizou-se uma abordagem na região lombossacral, sendo administrados bupivacaína (1mg/kg) e morfina (0,1mg/kg). Não houve intercorrências e os parâmetros fisiológicos mantiveram-se estáveis. Descartou-se a necessidade de resgate analgésico e a recuperação anestésica foi rápida. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o manejo anestésico proposto promoveu estabilidade hemodinâmica e recuperação satisfatórias para a espécie.
In raccoons, the presence of osteoarthritis affecting the hip joint is commonly observed. In domestic carnivores, the treatment can be conservative or surgical and, among the surgical techniques, colocephalectomy is mentioned. Since it is a procedure that causes moderate to severe pain, a balanced anesthesia protocol is necessary, which can be associated with locoregional block techniques such as the epidural. Protocols described for the species are limited, being commonly used for chemical restraints, physical assessments, and imaging exams. Therefore, this work aims to report the anesthetic protocol performed on a raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus) submitted to colocephalectomy. Dexmedetomidine (5µg/kg), ketamine (5mg/kg), and diazepam (0.3mg/kg) were used intramuscularly as pre-anesthetic medication, in addition to induction with propofol, and the maintenance by inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane. For epidural anesthesia, an approach was performed in the lumbosacral region, with the administration of bupivacaine (1mg/kg) and morphine (0.1mg/kg). There were no complications and the physiological parameters remained stable. The need for analgesic rescue was ruled out and the anesthetic recovery was fast. Thus, it is concluded that the proposed anesthetic management promoted hemodynamic stability and a satisfactory recovery for the species.
Assuntos
Animais , Osteoartrite/veterinária , Guaxinins/cirurgia , Anestesia Epidural/veterináriaRESUMO
As neoplasias mamárias representam a terceira neoplasia mais comum em gatas, enquanto nos machos a incidência é rara. Esse trabalho relata o caso de um gato macho, não castrado, atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, com uma neoformação mamária. O diagnóstico inicial, obtido por meio de punção aspirativa por agulha fina, sugeriu a presença de carcinoma mamário. Exames de imagem como a radiografia torácica e a ultrassonografia abdominal não evidenciaram a presença de metástase no parênquima pulmonar e nos órgãos abdominais, respectivamente. O tratamento instituído foi a remoção cirúrgica da neoformação, pela técnica de mastectomia parcial bilateral. O exame histopatológico da massa evidenciou uma hiperplasia fibroepitelial. Diante disso, conclui-se que, apesar de raras, as neoformações mamárias em gatos do sexo masculino podem ocorrer, devendo, dessa forma, compor parte da lista de diagnósticos diferenciais para aumentos de volume na região ventral desses animais.(AU)
Mammary neoplasms represent the third most common neoplasm in queens, while in tomcats the incidence is rare. This study reports the case of a tomcat, not neutered, treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the State University of Ceará, with a mammary neoformation. The initial diagnosis, obtained through aspiration cytology, suggested the presence of mammary carcinoma. Imaging tests such as thoracic radiography and abdominal ultrasound, did not show the presence of metastasis in the lung parenchyma and abdominal organs, respectively. The chosen treatment was the surgical removal of the neoformation, using the bilateral partial mastectomy technique. Histopathological examination of the mass showed a mammary fibroepithelial hyperplasia. Therefore, it is concluded that, although rare, mammary neoformations in male cats can occur, thus, it should be part of the list of differential diagnoses for increases in volume in the ventral region of these animals.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Fibroepiteliais/diagnóstico , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/patologia , Hiperplasia/veterináriaRESUMO
The identification of putative prognostic factors in canine mammary neoplasms (CMNs) has been focused on tissue-specific biomarkers, but the serum biomarkers, including cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3), c-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have been demonstrated to display clinical application in cases of CMNs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of these serum biomarkers and their association with well-established prognostic factors in CMNs. Samples from 15 female canines with CMNs and 15 clinically healthy ones were collected. The results were evaluated using the Tukey's, Pearson, or Spearman tests. The cut-off point, sensitivity, specificity, and area under curve (AUC) were evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in a logistic regression model (P<0.05). The levels of CA 15-3, CRP and LDH were significantly higher in the serum of female dogs with CMNs compared to the healthy ones. Moreover, these factors were positively correlated with ulceration, tumor size, histopathological grade, metastatic lymph node, and clinical staging. Female dogs with CMNs were found to exhibit highest serum levels of CA 15-3, CRP, and LDH. Therefore, they can be applied to improve the efficacy of the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in casas of CMNs.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico , Cães , Glândulas Mamárias Animais/anatomia & histologia , Proteína C-Reativa/efeitos adversos , Biomarcadores , Mucina-1/efeitos adversos , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Os bloqueios locorregionais vêm sendo cada vez mais estudados na medicina veterinária, principalmente em pets não-convencionais e animais silvestres. O bloqueio do plano transverso do abdômen (TAP block) é uma técnica de anestesia locorregional capaz de promover anestesia e analgesia em regiões da pele, musculatura e peritônio parietal, as quais fazem parte da estratégia de analgesia multimodal. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o bloqueio do plano transverso em um coelho doméstico de quatro anos de idade submetido à mastectomia regional e ovariohisterectomia. Foram realizados dois pontos bilateralmente de bloqueio do espaço TAP guiado por ultrassom com 2mg/kg de bupivacaína a 0,25%, padronizando um volume total injetado de 2,4mL. Foram utilizados dexmedetomidina (5É¥g/kg) e midazolam (0,5mg/kg) por via intramuscular como medicação pré-anestésica, indução com isoflurano na máscara de oxigênio 100% e manutenção por anestesia inalatória com isoflurano. Os parâmetros fisiológicos mantiveram-se estáveis, sem necessidade de resgate analgésico, com extubação rápida e despertar tranquilo. Desta forma, conclui-se que o TAP block foi eficaz na analgesia para mastectomia regional e ovariohisterectomia como protocolo multimodal, aumentando o índice de segurança, além de ser de fácil execução mesmo com transdutores de baixa frequência.
The locoregional blocks have been increasingly studied in veterinary medicine, especially in non-conventional pets and wild animals. The transverse abdominis plane block (TAP block) is a locoregional anesthesia technique capable of promoting anesthesia and analgesia in the skin, muscle, and parietal peritoneum regions, which are is part of the multimodal analgesia strategy. This study aims to report the transverse plane block in a four-year-old domestic rabbit submitted to regional mastectomy and ovariohysterectomy. Two ultrasound-guided TAP space blocks were performed bilaterally with 2mg/kg of bupivacaine 0.25%, standardizing a total injected volume of 2.4mL. Dexmedetomidine (5É¥g/kg) and midazolam (0.5mg/kg) were used intramuscularly as pre-anesthetic medication, induction with isoflurane in a 100% oxygen mask, and maintenance by inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane. Physiological parameters remained stable, with no need for analgesic rescue, rapid extubation, and peaceful awakening. Thus, it is concluded that the TAP block was effective in analgesia for regional mastectomy and ovariohysterectomy as a multimodal protocol, increasing the safety index. Moreover, it is easy to perform even with low-frequency transducers.
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Coelhos , Midazolam/administração & dosagem , Bupivacaína/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Combinados/uso terapêutico , Dexmedetomidina/administração & dosagem , Anestesia Local/veterinária , Ovariectomia/veterinária , Mastectomia/veterináriaRESUMO
Os bloqueios locorregionais vêm sendo cada vez mais utilizados na medicina veterinária. O bloqueio do plano transverso do abdômen (TAP Block) é uma técnica de anestesia locorregional, faz parte da estratégia de analgesia multimodal, capaz de promover anestesia e analgesia em regiões de pele, musculatura e peritônio parietal. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar o bloqueio do plano transverso em um felino macho de dois anos de idade submetido a mastectomia regional. Foram feitos dois pontos de bloqueio do espaço TAP guiado por ultrassom, em cada lado do abdômen: um na parte caudal da região abdominal média, cranial a crista ilíaca, e o outro ponto, caudal a última costela, com 0,5mg/kg de bupivacaína a 0,25% em cada ponto, padronizando um volume injetado de 0,6mL. Foi utilizado acepromazina (0,05mg/kg), petidina (3mg/kg), cetamina (2mg/kg) e midazolam (0,3mg/kg) como medicação pré-anestésica, indução com propofol (3mg/kg) e manutenção por anestesia inalatória com isoflurano. Conclui-se que o TAP block foi eficaz para mastectomia regional abdominal, com alto índice de segurança e de fácil execução com treinamento adequado, mesmo com transdutores de baixa frequência.
Locoregional blocks have been increasingly used in veterinary medicine. Blocking the transverse plane of the abdomen (TAP Block) is a technique of locoregional anesthesia, it is part of the multimodal analgesia strategy, capable of promoting anesthesia and analgesia in regions of skin, musculature and parietal peritoneum. The aim of this study is to report the transverse plane block in a two-year-old male cat undergoing regional mastectomy. Two ultrasound-guided TAP space block points were made on each side of the abdomen: one in the caudal part of the middle abodminal region, cranial to the iliac crest, and the other point, caudal to the last rib, with 0.5mg/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine at each point, standardizing an injected volume of 0.6mL. Acepromazine (0.05mg/kg), pethidine (3mg/kg), ketamine (2mg/kg) and midazolam (0.3mg/kg) were used as pre-anesthetic medication, induction with propofol (3mg/kg) and maintenance by inhalation anesthesia with isoflurane. It is concluded that the TAP block was effective for regional abdominal mastectomy, with a high safety index and easy to perform with adequate training, even with less frequent transducers.
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Gatos , Músculos Abdominais/cirurgia , Anestesia/métodos , Anestesia/veterinária , Midazolam , Bupivacaína , Propofol , Isoflurano , Ketamina , Acepromazina , Mastectomia/veterinária , MeperidinaRESUMO
The increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is associated with hypoxia due to the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and high metabolic demands. Few studies have evaluated the LDH concentration in canine mammary tumor (CMT). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate serum LDH concentrations in CMT and its association with prognostic factors. Thirty bitches participated in the work and were divided equally into two groups, with and without CMT. The average concentration of LDH was significantly higher in CMT (424.9±244.4U / L) compared to the control group (299.0±170.3 U / L) and its values were positively correlated with inflammation and / or macroscopic ulceration (r=0.6), tumor size (r=0.5), histopathological grade (r=0.6), metastatic lymph node (r=0.7) and clinical stage (r=0.5).(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/sangue , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/análise , PrognósticoRESUMO
Sertoliomas are among the most common testicular neoplasms in dogs, and one of its main risk factors is disorders in the process of testicular dehiscence, which causes the retention of one or both testicles out of the scrotum. Thus, the present study aims to report a case of a tumor of Sertoli cells (Sertolioma) in an ectopic testicle in the right inguinal region in an SRD dog at Hospital Veterinário Sylvio Barbosa Cardoso, of the State University of Ceará. A 5-year-old, non-neutered male canine, SRD, weighing 18 kg, came to attend an increase in the right inguinal region. On physical examination, the presence of a firm mass located in the subcutaneous tissue in the right inguinal region was identified, in addition to absence of right testicle in the scrotal pouch and a left testicle decreased in size and with softened consistency. In ultrasound evaluation, the left testicle was located in usual topography, with regular contours and standard echogenicity. In the right inguinal region, an echogenic image of heterogeneous echotexture was perceived, indicating the presence of an ectopic testis. After bilateral orchiectomy, both parts were referred for histopathological analysis, presenting a benign Sertolioma in the ectopic testis and testicular degeneration in the topical testicle was reported. The case reinforces the importance of bilateral orchiectomy and ultrasound for abdominal and gonadal evaluation of non-neutered males.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/sangue , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterinária , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/diagnóstico por imagem , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/fisiopatologia , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/veterináriaRESUMO
A hidropsia fetal é uma afecção que comumente leva à obstrução do canal do parto e à morte do feto acometido. Ela se caracteriza por um acúmulo anormal de líquido no espaço extravascular, edema subcutâneo generalizado e nas cavidades peritoneal, pleural e pericárdica. Este trabalho objetiva relatar uma hidropsia fetal canina do tipo anasarca, diagnosticada por exame ultrassonográfico, em modo bidimensional. A cadela Fox Paulistinha de 2 anos, estava em trabalho de parto há 12 horas e havia expulsado três filhotes, sendo um natimorto. À palpação foi detectado um filhote no canal do parto e solicitou-se exame ultrassonográfico para avaliação da viabilidade fetal e possível encaminhamento cirúrgico. A ultrassonografia revelou persistência de fetos: um ausente de batimentos cardíacos e obstruindo o canal do parto e outros dois em sofrimento fetal. O feto morto apresentava-se aumentado de tamanho e com edema subcutâneo ao longo de toda a extensão do tronco. Foram observados cistos cervicais bilateralmente, além de efusão pleural e abdominal. A idade gestacional por morfogênese e diâmetro biparietal foi de 68 dias e a placenta encontrava-se aumentada, medindo 0,83cm. A paciente foi submetida a cesariana de emergência. Ambos os filhotes em sofrimento foram retirados, já sem batimentos e o filhote malformado foi necropsiado. Adicionalmente, foi constatada congestão no coração, pulmões, fígado, intestino e peritônio. O filhote hidrópico não afetou a expulsão anterior dos que se posicionaram mais próximos ao canal do parto; contudo, obstruiu a passagem dos que se posicionavam cranialmente a ele, levando ao sofrimento e consequente morte fetal de dois filhotes.(AU)
Fetal hydrops is a condition that commonly leads to obstruction of the birth canal and death of the affected fetus. It is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular space, generalized subcutaneous edema and in the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial cavities. This work aims to report a canine hydropsy of the anasarca type diagnosed by ultrasound examination, in two-dimensional mode. A 2-year-old Brazilian Terrier bitch with a labor enduring 12 hours had successfully expelled three puppies, one of them stillborn. On palpation, a fetus was detected in birth canal and an ultrasound examination was requested to assess fetal viability and possible surgical referral. Ultrasonography revealed the persistence of fetuses: one missing a heartbeat and obstructing the birth canal and two in fetal distress. The dead fetus was enlarged and had subcutaneous edema along the length of the body. Cervical cysts were observed bilaterally in the subcutaneous tissue, besides to pleural and abdominal effusion. Gestational age was 68 days based on morphogenesis and biparietal diameter. Placenta was enlarged, measuring 0.83cm. The patient underwent an emergency cesarean section. Both puppies that were in fetal suffering were removed without heartbeat and the malformed puppy was necropsied. In addition, congestion was found in the heart, lungs, liver, intestine and peritoneum. The hydropic pup did not affected the previous expulsion of those who were closer to the birth canal, however it obstructed the passage of those who positioned themselves cranially to him, leading to the suffering and consequent fetal death of two puppies.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Doenças do Cão , Distocia/veterinária , Distocia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidropisia Fetal/veterinária , Mortalidade FetalRESUMO
Prostate neoplasms are the main reproductive disorders affecting neutered dogs, being the adenocarcinoma the most common and developing signs of urinary and/or gastrointestinal tract. This tumor develops spontaneously in dogs, being malignant, very invasive and unresponsive to castration. Due the recent increase in reports and a high interference in the animals' quality of life, the objective of this study was to report a case of prostatic adenocarcinoma in an eight-year-old SRD dog with metastasis in bladder, peritoneum and mesentery. The animal presented dehydration, fever, difficulty for walking, severe pain, abdominal enlargement, apathy, hyporexia, hypodipsia and tenesmus. Rectal examination, identified a firm mass and incongruous in prostatic membrane. Two months before an orchiectomy was performed due a prostatomegaly. At the time, an ultrasound identified irregular prostate with cavity formations, spleen with hypoechogenic formation and bladder with hyperechogenic formation attached to the wall. Radiography was requested and fecaloma was observed. Thus, enterotomy and prostatectomy were required. In surgery, nodulations were identified in mesentery, peritoneum and spleen, in addition to a hemorrhagic focus and a palpable mass in the bladder. The prostate was attached to bone tissue, making the removal impossible. The animal was euthanized and prostatic histopathology identified acinar adenocarcinoma. Histological samples of peritoneum, mesentery and bladder presented metastasis. The treatment of this conditionis not feasible with a delayed diagnosis due to its high aggressiveness and metastatic capacity. Such report demonstrates the importance of digital rectal examination and ultrasound exams, even in castrated animals for a nearly diagnosis of these neoplasms.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/prevenção & controle , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/veterinária , Neoplasias da Próstata/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias da Próstata/veterináriaRESUMO
In non-neutered dogs, the testis is the second most common site for development of neoplasms, frequently occurring in elderly animals and with orchiectomy as main treatment. Regarding the great relevance of testicular disorders and the importance of accurate diagnoses, this study aims to report a case of canine leydigocytoma at the Veterinary Hospital in the State University of Ceará. The 10-years-old non-neutered Pitbull-breed animal was attended presenting hematuria and, physical examination showed a bilateral nodular formation in testicles in addition to an enlarged prostate. In ultrasonographic examination, the prostate was enlarged, presenting irregular shape and heterogeneous echotexture. These changes indicate the presence of prostatic hyperplasia. Both testicles presented well-defined hypoechogenic regions with evident marginal and internal vascularization, which indicate neoplastic neoformation. In cytology, a hypercellular epithelial sample was observed with cellular modifications suggestive of interstitial cell neoplasia. In the lab, macroscopically, the testis showed multiple soft, well-defined, white-colored to brownish nodules. Histopathology revealed neoplastic proliferation of Leydig cells, sustained by moderate fibrovascular stroma, with degenerated adjacent parenchyma and without signs of malignancy. Four months after orchiectomy, the prostate turned to normal dimensions, with no further ultrasonographic changes. This case reinforces the importance of bilateral orchiectomy and ultrasound for prostatic abnormalities and testicular neoplasms. The association of these conditions is not commonly described in the literature, being an important contribution in this regard.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Cães , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Testiculares/sangue , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterináriaRESUMO
The increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity is associated with hypoxia due to the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and high metabolic demands. Few studies have evaluated the LDH concentration in canine mammary tumor (CMT). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate serum LDH concentrations in CMT and its association with prognostic factors. Thirty bitches participated in the work and were divided equally into two groups, with and without CMT. The average concentration of LDH was significantly higher in CMT (424.9±244.4U / L) compared to the control group (299.0±170.3 U / L) and its values were positively correlated with inflammation and / or macroscopic ulceration (r=0.6), tumor size (r=0.5), histopathological grade (r=0.6), metastatic lymph node (r=0.7) and clinical stage (r=0.5).
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Cães , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/análise , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Mamárias Animais/sangue , PrognósticoRESUMO
Prostate neoplasms are the main reproductive disorders affecting neutered dogs, being the adenocarcinoma the most common and developing signs of urinary and/or gastrointestinal tract. This tumor develops spontaneously in dogs, being malignant, very invasive and unresponsive to castration. Due the recent increase in reports and a high interference in the animals' quality of life, the objective of this study was to report a case of prostatic adenocarcinoma in an eight-year-old SRD dog with metastasis in bladder, peritoneum and mesentery. The animal presented dehydration, fever, difficulty for walking, severe pain, abdominal enlargement, apathy, hyporexia, hypodipsia and tenesmus. Rectal examination, identified a firm mass and incongruous in prostatic membrane. Two months before an orchiectomy was performed due a prostatomegaly. At the time, an ultrasound identified irregular prostate with cavity formations, spleen with hypoechogenic formation and bladder with hyperechogenic formation attached to the wall. Radiography was requested and fecaloma was observed. Thus, enterotomy and prostatectomy were required. In surgery, nodulations were identified in mesentery, peritoneum and spleen, in addition to a hemorrhagic focus and a palpable mass in the bladder. The prostate was attached to bone tissue, making the removal impossible. The animal was euthanized and prostatic histopathology identified acinar adenocarcinoma. Histological samples of peritoneum, mesentery and bladder presented metastasis. The treatment of this conditionis not feasible with a delayed diagnosis due to its high aggressiveness and metastatic capacity. Such report demonstrates the importance of digital rectal examination and ultrasound exams, even in castrated animals for a nearly diagnosis of these neoplasms.
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/prevenção & controle , Adenocarcinoma/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias da Próstata/veterináriaRESUMO
In non-neutered dogs, the testis is the second most common site for development of neoplasms, frequently occurring in elderly animals and with orchiectomy as main treatment. Regarding the great relevance of testicular disorders and the importance of accurate diagnoses, this study aims to report a case of canine leydigocytoma at the Veterinary Hospital in the State University of Ceará. The 10-years-old non-neutered Pitbull-breed animal was attended presenting hematuria and, physical examination showed a bilateral nodular formation in testicles in addition to an enlarged prostate. In ultrasonographic examination, the prostate was enlarged, presenting irregular shape and heterogeneous echotexture. These changes indicate the presence of prostatic hyperplasia. Both testicles presented well-defined hypoechogenic regions with evident marginal and internal vascularization, which indicate neoplastic neoformation. In cytology, a hypercellular epithelial sample was observed with cellular modifications suggestive of interstitial cell neoplasia. In the lab, macroscopically, the testis showed multiple soft, well-defined, white-colored to brownish nodules. Histopathology revealed neoplastic proliferation of Leydig cells, sustained by moderate fibrovascular stroma, with degenerated adjacent parenchyma and without signs of malignancy. Four months after orchiectomy, the prostate turned to normal dimensions, with no further ultrasonographic changes. This case reinforces the importance of bilateral orchiectomy and ultrasound for prostatic abnormalities and testicular neoplasms. The association of these conditions is not commonly described in the literature, being an important contribution in this regard.
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças do Cão/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias Testiculares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/sangue , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterináriaRESUMO
Sertoliomas are among the most common testicular neoplasms in dogs, and one of its main risk factors is disorders in the process of testicular dehiscence, which causes the retention of one or both testicles out of the scrotum. Thus, the present study aims to report a case of a tumor of Sertoli cells (Sertolioma) in an ectopic testicle in the right inguinal region in an SRD dog at Hospital Veterinário Sylvio Barbosa Cardoso, of the State University of Ceará. A 5-year-old, non-neutered male canine, SRD, weighing 18 kg, came to attend an increase in the right inguinal region. On physical examination, the presence of a firm mass located in the subcutaneous tissue in the right inguinal region was identified, in addition to absence of right testicle in the scrotal pouch and a left testicle decreased in size and with softened consistency. In ultrasound evaluation, the left testicle was located in usual topography, with regular contours and standard echogenicity. In the right inguinal region, an echogenic image of heterogeneous echotexture was perceived, indicating the presence of an ectopic testis. After bilateral orchiectomy, both parts were referred for histopathological analysis, presenting a benign Sertolioma in the ectopic testis and testicular degeneration in the topical testicle was reported. The case reinforces the importance of bilateral orchiectomy and ultrasound for abdominal and gonadal evaluation of non-neutered males.
Assuntos
Masculino , Animais , Cães , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Testiculares/fisiopatologia , Neoplasias Testiculares/sangue , Neoplasias Testiculares/veterinária , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/diagnóstico por imagem , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/fisiopatologia , Tumor de Células de Sertoli/veterináriaRESUMO
A hidropsia fetal é uma afecção que comumente leva à obstrução do canal do parto e à morte do feto acometido. Ela se caracteriza por um acúmulo anormal de líquido no espaço extravascular, edema subcutâneo generalizado e nas cavidades peritoneal, pleural e pericárdica. Este trabalho objetiva relatar uma hidropsia fetal canina do tipo anasarca, diagnosticada por exame ultrassonográfico, em modo bidimensional. A cadela Fox Paulistinha de 2 anos, estava em trabalho de parto há 12 horas e havia expulsado três filhotes, sendo um natimorto. À palpação foi detectado um filhote no canal do parto e solicitou-se exame ultrassonográfico para avaliação da viabilidade fetal e possível encaminhamento cirúrgico. A ultrassonografia revelou persistência de fetos: um ausente de batimentos cardíacos e obstruindo o canal do parto e outros dois em sofrimento fetal. O feto morto apresentava-se aumentado de tamanho e com edema subcutâneo ao longo de toda a extensão do tronco. Foram observados cistos cervicais bilateralmente, além de efusão pleural e abdominal. A idade gestacional por morfogênese e diâmetro biparietal foi de 68 dias e a placenta encontrava-se aumentada, medindo 0,83cm. A paciente foi submetida a cesariana de emergência. Ambos os filhotes em sofrimento foram retirados, já sem batimentos e o filhote malformado foi necropsiado. Adicionalmente, foi constatada congestão no coração, pulmões, fígado, intestino e peritônio. O filhote hidrópico não afetou a expulsão anterior dos que se posicionaram mais próximos ao canal do parto; contudo, obstruiu a passagem dos que se posicionavam cranialmente a ele, levando ao sofrimento e consequente morte fetal de dois filhotes.
Fetal hydrops is a condition that commonly leads to obstruction of the birth canal and death of the affected fetus. It is characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the extravascular space, generalized subcutaneous edema and in the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial cavities. This work aims to report a canine hydropsy of the anasarca type diagnosed by ultrasound examination, in two-dimensional mode. A 2-year-old Brazilian Terrier bitch with a labor enduring 12 hours had successfully expelled three puppies, one of them stillborn. On palpation, a fetus was detected in birth canal and an ultrasound examination was requested to assess fetal viability and possible surgical referral. Ultrasonography revealed the persistence of fetuses: one missing a heartbeat and obstructing the birth canal and two in fetal distress. The dead fetus was enlarged and had subcutaneous edema along the length of the body. Cervical cysts were observed bilaterally in the subcutaneous tissue, besides to pleural and abdominal effusion. Gestational age was 68 days based on morphogenesis and biparietal diameter. Placenta was enlarged, measuring 0.83cm. The patient underwent an emergency cesarean section. Both puppies that were in fetal suffering were removed without heartbeat and the malformed puppy was necropsied. In addition, congestion was found in the heart, lungs, liver, intestine and peritoneum. The hydropic pup did not affected the previous expulsion of those who were closer to the birth canal, however it obstructed the passage of those who positioned themselves cranially to him, leading to the suffering and consequent fetal death of two puppies.
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Distocia/diagnóstico por imagem , Distocia/veterinária , Doenças do Cão , Hidropisia Fetal/veterinária , Mortalidade FetalRESUMO
O acompanhamento gestacional por ultrassonografia permite avaliar o desenvolvimento do concepto e estimar a idade gestacional (IG). No entanto, a fórmula de Nyland e Mattoon para cálculo da IG foi desenvolvida no Beagle. Cães braquicefálicos como o Buldogue Francês apresentam maior predisposição à distocia, o que torna ainda mais importante a correta estimativa da IG. Objetivou-se avaliar a fórmula de Nyland e Mattoon para datar a IG em Buldogue Francês. Cinco cadelas foram submetidas à ultrassonografia abdominal aos 55 dias pós-inseminação. Foi mensurado o diâmetro biparietal (DBP) fetal e aplicado na fórmula. Os resultados foram expressos na forma de média e erro padrão. O DBP foi de 2,14±0,02 e a IG correspondeu a 52 dias. A fórmula não tem confiabilidade para estimar a IG nesta raça.(AU)
The ultrasound gestational follow-up allows the evaluation of the development of the concept and the estimation of gestational age (GI). However, the Nyland and Mattoon formula for calculating the GI was developed in the Beagle. Brachycephalic dogs such as the French Bulldog have a greater predisposition to dystocia, which makes the correct estimation of GI even more important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Nyland and Mattoon formula for dating GI in French Bulldog. Five bitches were submitted to abdominal ultrasound at 55 days post-insemination. The fetal biparietal diameter (DBP) was measured and applied in the formula. The results were expressed as mean and standard error. DBP was 2.14±0.02 and IG corresponded to 52 days. The formula has no reliability to estimate GI in this breed.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Prenhez , Idade Gestacional , Ultrassonografia/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Distocia/veterinária , Distocia/prevenção & controle , Osso ParietalRESUMO
Background:Emphysematous cystitis is a rare inflammatory disease of the lower urinary tract characterized by the ac-cumulation of gas within the wall and lumen of the urinary bladder. The clinical manifestations of emphysematous cystitis resemble those of bacterial cystitis, often hindering the differentiation between the two. In this work, we report a case of emphysematous cystitis in a diabetic dog. The diagnosis of cystitis was followed by ultrasonography for the early detec-tion of emphysematous cystitis, which showed the presence of multifocal and irregular hyperechoic interfaces forming a distal reverberation artifact.Case: A 9-year-old female dog was referred to VETCLINIC Veterinary Hospital 24 h with a history of urinary incontinence, polydipsia, polyuria, and diabetes mellitus. At first, the blood glucose was measured and found to be 376 mg/dL. Blood count, biochemical measurements of alkaline phosphatase (AF), urea, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase (AAT), urinalysis, urine culture with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The hematological exams showed that the serum was lipemic and with hemolysis; the values of AAT, AF, and total plasma proteins were above the reference values; hematocrit was below the normal level; erythrocyte rouleaux and thrombocyto-sis with platelet aggregates were present. Urinalysis showed the presence of traces of proteins, glucose, and occult blood as well as granular and hyaline cylinders and transitional epithelial cells. In urine culture, growth of the aerobic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was observed, being sensitive to most of the antimicrobials. Ultrasonography showed the pres-ence of gas in the wall of the urinary bladder, besides a discrete thickening of the wall, compatible with the diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis. Discussion: The first report of emphysematous cystitis in dogs was made in 1926 in a diabetic dog...(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Cães , Cistite/patologia , Cistite/veterinária , Enfisema/veterinária , Diabetes Mellitus/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterinária , Doenças do Sistema Endócrino/veterináriaRESUMO
O acompanhamento gestacional por ultrassonografia permite avaliar o desenvolvimento do concepto e estimar a idade gestacional (IG). No entanto, a fórmula de Nyland e Mattoon para cálculo da IG foi desenvolvida no Beagle. Cães braquicefálicos como o Buldogue Francês apresentam maior predisposição à distocia, o que torna ainda mais importante a correta estimativa da IG. Objetivou-se avaliar a fórmula de Nyland e Mattoon para datar a IG em Buldogue Francês. Cinco cadelas foram submetidas à ultrassonografia abdominal aos 55 dias pós-inseminação. Foi mensurado o diâmetro biparietal (DBP) fetal e aplicado na fórmula. Os resultados foram expressos na forma de média e erro padrão. O DBP foi de 2,14±0,02 e a IG correspondeu a 52 dias. A fórmula não tem confiabilidade para estimar a IG nesta raça.
The ultrasound gestational follow-up allows the evaluation of the development of the concept and the estimation of gestational age (GI). However, the Nyland and Mattoon formula for calculating the GI was developed in the Beagle. Brachycephalic dogs such as the French Bulldog have a greater predisposition to dystocia, which makes the correct estimation of GI even more important. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Nyland and Mattoon formula for dating GI in French Bulldog. Five bitches were submitted to abdominal ultrasound at 55 days post-insemination. The fetal biparietal diameter (DBP) was measured and applied in the formula. The results were expressed as mean and standard error. DBP was 2.14±0.02 and IG corresponded to 52 days. The formula has no reliability to estimate GI in this breed.
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Cães , Distocia/prevenção & controle , Distocia/veterinária , Idade Gestacional , Prenhez , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Ultrassonografia/veterinária , Osso ParietalRESUMO
Background:Emphysematous cystitis is a rare inflammatory disease of the lower urinary tract characterized by the ac-cumulation of gas within the wall and lumen of the urinary bladder. The clinical manifestations of emphysematous cystitis resemble those of bacterial cystitis, often hindering the differentiation between the two. In this work, we report a case of emphysematous cystitis in a diabetic dog. The diagnosis of cystitis was followed by ultrasonography for the early detec-tion of emphysematous cystitis, which showed the presence of multifocal and irregular hyperechoic interfaces forming a distal reverberation artifact.Case: A 9-year-old female dog was referred to VETCLINIC Veterinary Hospital 24 h with a history of urinary incontinence, polydipsia, polyuria, and diabetes mellitus. At first, the blood glucose was measured and found to be 376 mg/dL. Blood count, biochemical measurements of alkaline phosphatase (AF), urea, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase (AAT), urinalysis, urine culture with antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and abdominal ultrasonography were performed. The hematological exams showed that the serum was lipemic and with hemolysis; the values of AAT, AF, and total plasma proteins were above the reference values; hematocrit was below the normal level; erythrocyte rouleaux and thrombocyto-sis with platelet aggregates were present. Urinalysis showed the presence of traces of proteins, glucose, and occult blood as well as granular and hyaline cylinders and transitional epithelial cells. In urine culture, growth of the aerobic bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was observed, being sensitive to most of the antimicrobials. Ultrasonography showed the pres-ence of gas in the wall of the urinary bladder, besides a discrete thickening of the wall, compatible with the diagnosis of emphysematous cystitis. Discussion: The first report of emphysematous cystitis in dogs was made in 1926 in a diabetic dog...
Assuntos
Feminino , Animais , Cães , Cistite/patologia , Cistite/veterinária , Diabetes Mellitus/veterinária , Enfisema/veterinária , Doenças do Sistema Endócrino/veterinária , Ultrassonografia/veterináriaRESUMO
Ring-tailed coati is listed as a species of least concern in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List, however, there has been a sharp decline in their population. The present study was conducted to evaluate the major proteins of both seminal plasma and sperm in ring-tailed coatis. Semen sample was collected from three adult coatis and evaluated for their morphological characteristics. Further, the sample was centrifuged to separate spermatozoa from seminal plasma, and then stored in liquid nitrogen. The seminal plasma and sperm proteins were subjected to one-dimensional (1-D) sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and identified by mass spectrometry. Gene ontology and protein networks were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Based on sperm concentration and average protein content of the semen, the concentration of protein/spermatozoon was found to be 104.69⯱â¯44.43⯵g. The analysis of SDS-PAGE gels showed 20.3⯱â¯3.1 and 17⯱â¯2 protein bands/lane for seminal plasma and sperm, respectively. In-gel protein digestion and peptide analysis by mass spectrometry revealed 238 and 246 proteins in the seminal plasma and sperm, respectively. The gene ontology analysis revealed that the proteins of seminal plasma mainly participated in cellular (35%) and regulatory (21%) processes. According to their cellular localization, seminal plasma proteins were categorized as structural (18%), extracellular (17%), and nuclear (14%) proteins with molecular functions, such as catalytic activity (43%) and binding (43%). The sperm proteins were also involved in cellular (38%) and regulatory (23%) processes, and mainly categorized as extracellular (17%), nuclear (13%), and cytoplasmic (10%) proteins. The major molecular functions of the sperm proteins were catalytic activity (44%) and binding (42%). These results indicated that the seminal plasma of ring-tailed coati has an array of proteins that can potentially modulate several sperm functions, from sperm protection to oocyte binding. However, further studies are necessary to interpret the roles of these major seminal plasma proteins in coatis.