RESUMO
ABSTRACT: The objective of the study was to use a deep learning model to differentiate between benign and malignant sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in patients with breast cancer compared to radiologists' assessments.Seventy-nine women with breast cancer were enrolled and underwent lymphosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examination after subcutaneous injection of ultrasound contrast agent around their tumor to identify SLNs. Google AutoML was used to develop image classification model. Grayscale and CEUS images acquired during the ultrasound examination were uploaded with a data distribution of 80% for training/20% for testing. The performance metric used was area under precision/recall curve (AuPRC). In addition, 3 radiologists assessed SLNs as normal or abnormal based on a clinical established classification. Two-hundred seventeen SLNs were divided in 2 for model development; model 1 included all SLNs and model 2 had an equal number of benign and malignant SLNs. Validation results model 1 AuPRC 0.84 (grayscale)/0.91 (CEUS) and model 2 AuPRC 0.91 (grayscale)/0.87 (CEUS). The comparison between artificial intelligence (AI) and readers' showed statistical significant differences between all models and ultrasound modes; model 1 grayscale AI versus readers, P = 0.047, and model 1 CEUS AI versus readers, P < 0.001. Model 2 r grayscale AI versus readers, P = 0.032, and model 2 CEUS AI versus readers, P = 0.041.The interreader agreement overall result showed κ values of 0.20 for grayscale and 0.17 for CEUS.In conclusion, AutoML showed improved diagnostic performance in balance volume datasets. Radiologist performance was not influenced by the dataset's distribution.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Aprendizado Profundo , Linfonodo Sentinela , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Linfonodo Sentinela/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto , Radiologistas/estatística & dados numéricos , Ultrassonografia Mamária/métodos , Meios de Contraste , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Biópsia de Linfonodo Sentinela/métodos , Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Objetivo: estabelecer relações entre os fundamentos Nightingaleanos na sustentabilidade de uma clínica de cuidado humano em diálogo com conceitos que sustentam duas atuais políticas de saúde brasileiras. Conteúdo: a ciência da enfermagem se afirma em uma abordagem holística do ser humano, com vistas à saúde integral, ressaltando a pessoa na sua dimensão física, mental, emocional e espiritual. Este princípio sustenta práticas humanizadas de cuidado e também integrativas, na proposição de cuidados integrais centrados na pessoa e relacionamento terapêutico para promover a saúde e o bem-estar. As fontes principais foram a obra seminal de Nigthingale, teorias de enfermagem, textos aplicados da Política Nacional de Humanização e de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares de Saúde. Conclusão: os princípios básicos do cuidado propostos por Nightingale refletem-se em atuais políticas de saúde, contribuindo para ampliar a autonomia dos profissionais de enfermagem, na oferta de cuidados baseados em conceitos próprios, em favor de uma Enfermagem Integrativa e Humana.
Objective: to establish relations between Nightingale fundamentals on the sustainability of human clinical care in dialogue with concepts underpinning two of Brazil's current health policies. Content: nursing science is grounded on a holistic approach of the human being, with a view to comprehensive health, emphasizing subjects in their physical, mental, emotional and spiritual dimensions. This principle underpins integrative, humanized care practices in proposing comprehensive care centered on the human person and a therapeutic relationship designed to promote health and wellbeing. The main sources were Nightingale's seminal work, nursing theories, and applied texts from Brazil's National Policy of Humanization and Integrative, Complementary Healthcare Practices. Conclusion: The basic health care principles proposed by Nightingale, reflected in current health policies, contribute to expanding the autonomy of nursing personnel in the providing care based on concepts specific to nursing, in favor of Integrative, Human Nursing.
Objetivo: establecer relaciones entre los fundamentos de Nightingale sobre la sostenibilidad de la atención clínica humana en diálogo con los conceptos que sustentan dos de las políticas de salud actuales de Brasil. Contenido: la ciencia de la enfermería se fundamenta en un enfoque holístico del ser humano, con miras a la salud integral, enfatizando los sujetos en sus dimensiones física, mental, emocional y espiritual. Este principio sustenta las prácticas de atención integral y humanizada al proponer una atención integral centrada en la persona humana y una relación terapéutica orientada a promover la salud y el bienestar. Las fuentes principales fueron el trabajo fundamental de Nightingale, las teorías de enfermería y los textos aplicados de la Política Nacional de Humanización y Prácticas de Atención Integrativa y Complementaria de Salud de Brasil. Conclusión: Los principios básicos del cuidado de la salud propuestos por Nightingale, reflejados en las políticas de salud vigentes, contribuyen a ampliar la autonomía del personal de enfermería en la prestación de cuidados basados en conceptos propios de la enfermería, a favor de la Enfermería Integrativa, Humana.
Assuntos
Humanos , Teoria de Enfermagem , Humanização da Assistência , Política de Saúde , Terapias Complementares , Brasil , Padrões de Prática em Enfermagem , Saúde Holística , Cuidados de EnfermagemRESUMO
The implantation of penile protheses for the surgical treatment of erectile dysfunction has risen in popularity over the past several decades. Considerable advances have been made in surgical protocol and device design, specifically targeting infection prevention. Despite these efforts, device infection remains a critical problem, which causes significant physical and emotional burden to the patient. The aim of this review is to broaden the discussion of best practices by not only examining practices in urology, but additionally delving into the field of orthopedic surgery to identify techniques and approaches that may be applied to penile prothesis surgery.
Assuntos
Disfunção Erétil/cirurgia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/métodos , Implante Peniano/efeitos adversos , Prótese de Pênis/efeitos adversos , Pênis/cirurgia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/prevenção & controle , Infecção da Ferida Cirúrgica/prevenção & controle , Urologia/métodos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Anti-Infecciosos/administração & dosagem , Antibioticoprofilaxia , Biofilmes , Análise Custo-Benefício , Humanos , Masculino , Salas Cirúrgicas , Staphylococcus aureusRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a assistência ao parto pelo projeto de extensão "Bem Nascer" à luz da Teoria de Virginia Henderson oportunizando o empoderamento da parturiente. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, de caráter descritivo e natureza qualitativa. A pesquisa consistiu em entrevista semiestruturada com roteiro preestabelecido pelo pesquisador com pacientes que foram atendidas pelo projeto de assistência ao parto humanizado, durante o trabalho de parto, no hospital maternidade da Grande Vitória-ES no segundo semestre de 2017, a qual as entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas com base na Teoria das Necessidades Fundamentais de Virginia Henderson. Quanto à avaliação da assistência ao projeto de parto humanizado pelas puérperas, tivemos uma totalidade de relatos positivos. Estes achados evidenciam que o empoderamento feminino na parturição alinhado à autonomia descrita pela Teoria das Necessidades Humanas Fundamentais de Virginia Henderson favorece positivamente a mulher como principal sujeito do seu corpo. O comprometimento pessoal e profissional no atendimento ético e digno à mulher deve ser efetivo e humanizado.(AU)
The aim of this study is to evaluate childbirth assistance through the extension project "Bem Nascer" in the light of Virginia Henderson's Theory, providing opportunities for the empowerment of the parturient. It is a field research, descriptive and qualitative in nature. The research consisted of a semi-structured interview with a script pre-established by the researcher with patients who were assisted by the humanized childbirth care project, during labor, at the maternity hospital of Grande Vitória- ES in the second half of 2017, to which the interviews were recorded , transcribed and analyzed based on Virginia Henderson's Theory of Fundamental Needs. As for the assessment of assistance to the humanized delivery project by the mothers, we had a total of positive reports. These findings show that female empowerment in parturition aligned with the autonomy described by Virginia Henderson's Theory of Fundamental Human Needs positively favors women as the main subject of their body. Personal and professional commitment to ethical and dignified care for women must be effective and humanized.(AU)
El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la asistencia al parto a través del proyecto de extensión "Bem Nascer" a Luz da Theoria de Virginia Henderson, proporcionando oportunidades para el empoderamiento de la parturienta. Es una investigación de campo, de naturaleza descriptiva y cualitativa. La investigación consistió en una entrevista semiestructurada con un guión preestablecido por el investigador con pacientes que fueron asistidas por el proyecto de atención de parto humanizado, durante el parto, en el hospital de maternidad de Grande Vitória-ES en la segunda mitad de 2017, en el que se grabaron las entrevistas. , transcrito y analizado en base a la Teoría de las necesidades fundamentales de Virginia Henderson. En cuanto a la evaluación de la asistencia al proyecto de parto humanizado por parte de las madres, tuvimos un total de informes positivos. Estos hallazgos muestran que el empoderamiento femenino en el parto alineado con la autonomía descrita por la Teoría de las necesidades humanas fundamentales de Virginia Henderson favorece positivamente a las mujeres como el tema principal de su cuerpo. El compromiso personal y profesional con la atención ética y digna para las mujeres debe ser efectivo y humanizado.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Enfermagem Materno-Infantil , Parto Humanizado , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Serviços de Saúde Materno-InfantilRESUMO
Este trabalho teve como objetivo mensurar o nível de letramento funcional em saúde e o nível de conhecimento sobre sífilis em um grupo de gestantes. Foi utilizado questionário sociodemográfico, a versão brasileira do B-THOFLA (Brief Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults) para mensurar o letramento funcional em saúde e questionário com perguntas básicas sobre sífilis. Obteve-se como resultado: maior parte do grupo tendo um perfil jovem e possuindo até 25 anos, tendo alto índice da não utilização de preservativos, um bom letramento funcional em saúde e um baixo nível de conhecimento sobre sífilis. Se caracterizando como um grupo altamente vulnerável a infecções sexualmente transmissíveis, incluindo a sífilis.(AU).
This study aimed to measure the level of functional health literacy and the level of knowledge about syphilis in a group of pregnant women. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian version of the B-THOFLA (Brief Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults) was used to measure functional health literacy and a questionnaire with basic questions about syphilis. As a result, most of the group had a young profile and were up to 25 years old, with a high rate of non-use of condoms, good functional health literacy and a low level of knowledge about syphilis. Characterizing as a highly vulnerable group to sexually transmitted infections, including syphilis.(AU)
This study aimed to measure the level of functional health literacy and the level of knowledge about syphilis in a group of pregnant women. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Brazilian version of the B-THOFLA (Brief Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults) was used to measure functional health literacy and a questionnaire with basic questions about syphilis. As a result, most of the group had a young profile and were up to 25 years old, with a high rate of non-use of condoms, good functional health literacy and a low level of knowledge about syphilis. Characterizing as a highly vulnerable group to sexually transmitted infections, including syphilis.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Sífilis , Saúde Materno-Infantil , Gestantes , Letramento em Saúde , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis , Serviços de Saúde Materno-InfantilRESUMO
Introdução: A relação entre doença cardiovascular, resistência à insulina e vitiligo tem sido avaliada em estudos. No entanto, ainda não há consenso sobre o assunto. Objetivos: Avaliar a relação entre resistência à insulina e vitiligo, além da prevalência de fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em adultos com vitiligo quando comparados ao grupo controle. Métodos: Estudo transversal com grupo controle. Foi utilizada uma amostra de conveniência de pacientes consecutivos com 14 anos ou mais. Pacientes e controles foram investigados com exames laboratoriais e medidas antropométricas. Foram calculados os índices LAP, HOMA-IR, e HOMAß. Resultados: Foram incluídos 130 pacientes, 73 com diagnóstico de vitiligo e 57 controles. Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos quando avaliadas as medidas do LAP, HOMA-IR, e HOMAß. Dentre os fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular, a pressão arterial sistólica foi significativamente maior nos pacientes com vitiligo. Conclusões: Não foi observada maior prevalência de resistência à insulina entre pacientes com vitiligo. Quanto aos fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares, apenas a pressão arterial sistólica foi maior nos pacientes com vitiligo. Novos estudos são necessários para elucidar a prevalência de resistência à insulina e fatores de risco cardiovascular em pacientes com vitiligo.
Introduction: The relationship between cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and vitiligo has been evaluated in studies. However, there is still no consensus on the subject. Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance and vitiligo, in addition to the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, in adults with vitiligo when compared to the control group. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a control group. A convenience sample of consecutive patients aged 14 years and over was used. Patients and controls were assessed with laboratory tests and anthropometric measurements. The LAP, HOMA-IR, and HOMAß indices were calculated. Results: We included 130 patients, 73 with a diagnosis of vitiligo and 57 controls. There were no significant differences between groups when LAP, HOMA-IR, and HOMAß were evaluated. Among the risk factors for cardiovascular disease, systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in patients with vitiligo. Conclusions: There was no higher prevalence of insulin resistance among patients with vitiligo. Regarding the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, only systolic blood pressure was higher in patients with vitiligo. Further studies are needed to elucidate the prevalence of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with vitiligo.
Assuntos
Vitiligo , Resistência à Insulina , Doenças Cardiovasculares , Fatores de Risco de Doenças CardíacasRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Periorbital hyperchromia (POH) is a multifactorial condition, precipitated or aggravated by sleep disorders, which negatively affects quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of POH on QoL, sleep quality, and dissatisfaction of affected patients. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of male and female patients over 18 years, participants were examined, their demographic data were registered, and Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-BR), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess dissatisfaction. RESULTS: Patients (n = 100) were mostly women (91%) with a mean age of 36.9 years and POH duration of 18.32 years. Phototypes II (24%) and III (60%) were predominant. A total of 33% reported 4-6 hours and 66% reported over 6 hours of sleep per night. POH was classified as mild (59%), moderate (37%), or severe (4%). Mean dissatisfaction with POH was 6.9, PSQI was 6.04, and DLQI was 4.92. There was a significant difference in the dissatisfaction scale (P < .005) between men and women. Women reported worse QoL (P < .001) and higher dissatisfaction (P < .0001). A correlation between DLQI and disease duration was found. CONCLUSION: Periorbital hyperchromia negatively impacts patients' QoL. Dissatisfaction is directly related to disease severity.
Assuntos
Doenças Palpebrais/psicologia , Pálpebras/anormalidades , Dermatoses Faciais/psicologia , Hiperpigmentação/psicologia , Satisfação Pessoal , Qualidade de Vida , Sono , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Estética , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective The study aimed to shed light on the use of the terms "homemade", "traditional", and other similar terms in the front-of-pack labels of industrialized foods. Methods Labels of all packaged foods products (n=5,506) available for sale in a Brazilian supermarket were analyzed. The analysis verified the relative and absolute frequency of terms according to the similarity of expressions and semantics by food groups according to Brazilian regulation (nº 359/2003). A chi-square test identified differences in the total food terms with terms between food groups (.<0.001). Results Of all foods analyzed, 14.1% (n=778) presented the target terms. On the analyzed labels, the age of the brand or product was found more frequently (58.1%, n=495), followed by the terms "traditional" (20.1%, n=175) and "original" (11.0%, n=94). The groups that presented the highest relative frequency were groups I (baking goods) and II (canned vegetables), both with 21.4%. Conclusion The study confirmed the commercialization of packaged foods with terms that refer to a traditional and homemade production with different connotations. The information contained in the labels should be clear and correct to ensure that the consumer can make informed choices. The findings indicate the importance of investigating consumers' perception of the presence of these terms on labels and clarifying the composition of these foods.
RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar o uso dos termos caseiro, tradicional e outros similares nos painéis frontais dos rótulos de alimentos industrializados. Métodos Foram analisados rótulos de todos os alimentos industrializados (n=5506) disponíveis para venda em um supermercado brasileiro. Verificou-se frequência relativa e absoluta dos termos de acordo com a similaridade das expressões e semântica, por grupos alimentares, segundo a Resolução nº 359/2002. O teste Qui-quadrado foi usado para identificar a diferença no total dos alimentos com termos entre os grupos de alimentos (p<0,001). Resultados Do total de alimentos, 14,1% (n=778) apresentaram esses termos. Idade da marca ou produto foi encontrada com maior frequência (58,1%; n=495), seguida pelos termos tradicional (20,1%; n=175) e original (11,0%; n=94). Os grupos que apresentaram maior frequência relativa foram o grupo I (produtos de panificação) e II (verduras e conservas), ambos com 21,4%. Conclusão Observou-se a comercialização de produtos industrializados com termos que remetem a uma forma de produção tradicional e caseira, com diferentes conotações. As informações contidas nos rótulos devem ser claras e corretas, para que o consumidor possa realizar suas escolhas conscientemente. Evidencia-se a importância de investigar a percepção dos consumidores quanto à presença desses termos nos rótulos, bem como a composição desses alimentos.
Assuntos
Alimentos Industrializados , Percepção , Brasil , Comportamento do Consumidor , Rotulagem de AlimentosRESUMO
Introdução: O ser humano em sua constituição holística apresenta demandas nas dimensõesfísica, psicossocial e espiritual. A espiritualidade é reconhecida como importante fonte debem-estar e como promotora da saúde e do melhor cuidado de si, da melhor aderênciaterapêutica, de menos comportamentos de risco e melhor enfrentamento das situações desaúde e doença. A enfermagem, que tem o cuidado como objeto de ciência e de prática, temo dever de atender às demandas espirituais dos pacientes, através da realização do cuidadoespiritual de enfermagem. Objetivos: conhecer o campo de estudos da espiritualidade nocuidado de enfermagem; identificar as áreas ou campos de atuação mais abordados nosestudos de cuidados espirituais de enfermagem na literatura científica de enfermagem;analisar o conceito de cuidado espiritual de enfermagem veiculado nas produções científicaspublicadas em periódicos; analisar as potencialidades da aplicação do conceito cuidadoespiritual de enfermagem na prática do cuidado de enfermagem em vista do atendimento dasnecessidades espirituais das pessoas. Métodos e técnicas: estudo teórico de naturezadescritivo-exploratória com abordagem qualitativa, composta de uma revisão sistemática deartigos científicos e de uma análise do conceito cuidado espiritual de enfermagem...
Introduction: The human being in its holistic constitution presents demands in physical,psychosocial and spiritual dimensions. Spirituality is recognized as an important source of wellbeingand as a health promoter for its influence in better self-care, better therapeuticcompliance, less risk behaviors and better cope with diseases situations. Nursing has the careas the object of science and practice and has a duty to meet the spiritual needs of patients, byperforming the spiritual nursing care. Objectives: To know the spirituality field of studies innursing care; to identify areas or more covered playing fields in the spiritual care scientificnursing literature; to analyze the concept of "spiritual nursing care" as presented in nursingresearches published in scientific journals; to analyze the potential of application of the concept"spiritual nursing care" in the practice of nursing care. Methods and techniques: theoreticalstudy of descriptive and exploratory nature with a qualitative approach, consisting of asystematic review of scientific articles and a concept analysis of spiritual nursing...
Introducción: El ser humano en su constitución holística presenta demandas en lasdimensiones física, psicosocial y espiritual. Espiritualidad es reconocida como una importantefuente de bienestar y como promotor de la salud y del mejor cuidado de sí mismo, del mejorcumplimiento terapéutico, de menos comportamientos de riesgo y mejor enfrentamiento delas situaciones de salud y enfermedad. Enfermería, que tiene el cuidado como ciencia ypráctica, tiene el deber de satisfacer las necesidades espirituales de los pacientes, mediantela realización del cuidado espiritual de la enfermería. Objetivos: Conocer el campo deestudios de la espiritualidad en el cuidado de enfermería; identificar las áreas o campos másabordados en los estudios del cuidado espiritual en la literatura científica de enfermería;realizar el análisis de concepto de "cuidado espiritual de enfermería" en la práctica del cuidadode enfermería y en el punto de vista del atendimiento a las necesidades espirituales de laspersonas. Métodos y técnicas: estudio teórico de la naturaleza descriptiva y exploratoria decarácter cualitativo, que consisten en una revisión sistemática de artículos científicos y unanálisis del concepto del cuidado espiritual de enfermería...
Assuntos
Humanos , Espiritualidade , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Enfermagem HolísticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Vitiligo can negatively affect a patient's quality of life (QoL). A specific questionnaire has been developed and validated in the English language: the vitiligo-specific quality-of-life instrument (VitiQoL). The instrument was translated, culturally adapted and validated into Brazilian Portuguese (VitiQoL-PB). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the QoL in adult patients through the VitiQoL and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and in pediatric patients through the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) in a sample of patients with vitiligo. METHODS: Subjects were selected from a dermatological outpatient clinic and from a private practice in Porto Alegre. The QoL of pediatric patients was evaluated using the CDLQI questionnaire. In adult patients we used the VitiQoL-PB and the DLQI. RESULTS: A strong correlation between the scores of the total VitiQoL and DLQI was observed (r = 0.81; p < 0.001). The factor that most contributed to the final score of VitiQoL was stigma. In our sample, women had higher scores than men (p < 0.05). Psychiatric problems were associated with lower QoL. In the pediatric population, the median score of the CDLQI was 3 (interquartile range 1.3-7.3). There was a statistically significant correlation between the child's age and the CDLQI score (rs = 0.41, p = 0.044). CONCLUSION: This study confirms that the VitiQoL is easy to administer and adds important information about the impact of vitiligo on a South American population. Stigmatization is very present in the disease. There are groups of patients that are more vulnerable, like women, patients with psychiatric diseases and adolescents.
Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Vitiligo/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Estigma Social , Vitiligo/complicaçõesRESUMO
To evaluate the flow imaging capabilities of a new prototype ultrasound (US) image processing technique (superb micro-vascular imaging [SMI]; Toshiba Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) for depiction of microvascular flow in normal thyroid tissue and thyroid nodules compared with standard color and power Doppler US imaging.Ten healthy volunteers and 22 patients, with a total of 25 thyroid nodules, scheduled for US-guided fine needle aspiration were enrolled in this prospective study. Subjects underwent US examination consisting of grayscale, color and power Doppler imaging (CDI and PDI) followed by color and monochrome SMI and pulsed Doppler. SMI is a novel, microvascular flow imaging mode implemented on the Aplio 500 US system (Toshiba). SMI uses advanced clutter suppression to extract flow signals from large to small vessels and depicts this information at high frame rates as a color overlay image or as a monochrome map of flow. Two radiologists independently scored still images and digital clips for overall flow detection, vessel branching details and noise on a visual-analog scale of 1 (worst) to 10 (best).For the volunteers SMI visualized microvasculature with significantly lower velocity than CDI and PDI (P < 0.012). In all thyroid nodules, SMI demonstrated microvascular flow with significantly higher image scores and provided better depiction of the vessel branching details compared with CDI and PDI (P < 0.0001). Clutter noise was significantly higher in monochrome SMI mode than in the other modes, including color SMI (P < 0.001).The novel SMI mode consistently improved the depiction of thyroid microvascular flow compared with standard CDI and PDI.
Assuntos
Ecocardiografia Doppler em Cores/métodos , Microcirculação , Neovascularização Patológica/diagnóstico por imagem , Neovascularização Patológica/fisiopatologia , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Velocidade do Fluxo Sanguíneo , Feminino , Humanos , Aumento da Imagem/métodos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Masculino , Microvasos/diagnóstico por imagem , Microvasos/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
The incidence of chronic renal diseases is increasing worldwide, and there is a great need to identify therapies capable of arresting or reducing disease progression. The current treatment of chronic nephropathies is limited to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers, but increasing clinical and experimental evidence suggests that statins could play a therapeutic role. Ultrastructural studies have shown the presence of gap junctions within all the cells of the glomerulus and podocytes have been found to contain primarily connexin-43. The present study aims to observe the beneficial effects of rosuvastatin on structural and ultrastructural renal morphology and on glomerular connexin-43 expression in normotensive rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Rats were randomly allocated into four groups: WKY-C: normotensive animals no receiving rosuvastatin; WKY-ROS: normotensive animals receiving rosuvastatin; SHR-C: hypertensive animals no receiving rosuvastatin; SHR-ROS: hypertensive animals receiving rosuvastatin. Our results show no differences in blood urea, creatinine, uric acid and creatine phosphokinase levels between the groups, however, there was an decreasing of 24-h protein excretion in SHR-ROS. Capsular area in SHR-ROS was decreased, however, there was no alteration in urinary space. By transmission electron microscopy the slit diaphragm and podocyte foot processes were more preserved in SHR-ROS. By scanning electron microscopy the podocyte foot processes were more preserved in SHR-ROS. Increased connexin-43 immunofluorescence was observed in glomeruli of WKY-ROS and SHR-ROS. In conclusion, we hypothesize that renal pleiotropic effect of rosuvastatin can be a therapeutic tool for improving kidney ultrastructure and, consequently, renal function in hypertensive individuals.
Assuntos
Fluorbenzenos/farmacologia , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/farmacologia , Hipertensão/patologia , Glomérulos Renais/efeitos dos fármacos , Glomérulos Renais/patologia , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Animais , Análise Química do Sangue , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipertensão/metabolismo , Glomérulos Renais/ultraestrutura , Proteinúria , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR , Ratos Endogâmicos WKY , Rosuvastatina CálcicaRESUMO
In this article, it is shown that the FLEK model (ref 5 ) is able to model the experimental results of the bromate-iodine clock reaction. Five different complex chemical systems, the bromate-iodide clock and oscillating reactions, the bromite-iodide clock and oscillating reactions, and now the bromate-iodine clock reaction are adequately accounted for by the FLEK model.
RESUMO
We report the first case of digestive tract pathology (megaesophagus) determined by Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. A 63-year-old female had presumptive clinical diagnosis of Chagas' disease, which was confirmed by imaging (endoscopy and esophagogram) and immunological methods. Further molecular diagnosis was carried out with esophagus and blood samples collected during corrective surgery. Polymerase chain reaction tested positive for Trypanosoma cruzi in both esophagus and buffy coat samples.
Assuntos
Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Acalasia Esofágica/parasitologia , Trypanosoma cruzi , Animais , DNA de Protozoário/análise , Acalasia Esofágica/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
We report the first case of digestive tract pathology (megaesophagus) determined by Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. A 63-year- old female had presumptive clinical diagnosis of Chagas' disease, which was confirmed by imaging (endoscopy and esophagogram) and immunological methods. Further molecular diagnosis was carried out with esophagus and blood samples collected during corrective surgery. Polymerase chain reaction tested positive for Trypanosoma cruzi in both esophagus and buffy coat samples
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Animais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doença de Chagas , Acalasia Esofágica , Trypanosoma cruzi , DNA de Protozoário , Acalasia Esofágica , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
The life cycle of Triatoma klugi Carcavallo, Jurberg, Lent & Galvão 2001 was compared under laboratory conditions using two groups of the F1 generation obtained from field-collected bugs. Among the 100 nymphs weekly fed on mice (Group A) or chicken (Group B), 77% of Group A and 67% of Group B reached the adult stage, and the mean time from the first nymphal stage to adult was 190.08 +/- 28.31 days and 221.23 +/- 40.50, respectively. The average span in days for each stage per group and the number of blood meals required for each stage were also evaluated. The overall mortality rate was 23% and 33% for Groups A and B, respectively. The mean number of eggs laid per month in a three-month period was of 56.20, 51.70 and 73.20 for Group A, and 64.50, 53.50 and 38.71 for Group B. Despite the blood source, comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in the life cycle of T. klugi under laboratory conditions. Infection rates over 60% were observed for both Trypanosoma cruzi strains tested. Even revealing high infection rates of the hemolymph by T. rangeli strains, T. klugi revealed no salivary gland infections and was not able to transmit the parasite.
Assuntos
Estágios do Ciclo de Vida , Triatoma/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Animais de Laboratório , Galinhas/parasitologia , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Oviposição , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo , Triatoma/parasitologia , TrypanosomaRESUMO
The life cycle of Triatoma klugi Carcavallo, Jurberg, Lent & Galväo 2001 was compared under laboratory conditions using two groups of the F1 generation obtained from field-collected bugs. Among the 100 nymphs weekly fed on mice (Group A) or chicken (Group B), 77 percent of Group A and 67 percent of Group B reached the adult stage, and the mean time from the first nymphal stage to adult was 190.08 ± 28.31 days and 221.23 ± 40.50, respectively. The average span in days for each stage per group and the number of blood meals required for each stage were also evaluated. The overall mortality rate was 23 percent and 33 percent for Groups A and B, respectively. The mean number of eggs laid per month in a three-month period was of 56.20, 51.70 and 73.20 for Group A, and 64.50, 53.50 and 38.71 for Group B. Despite the blood source, comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in the life cycle of T. klugi under laboratory conditions. Infection rates over 60 percent were observed for both Trypanosoma cruzi strains tested. Even revealing high infection rates of the hemolymph by T. rangeli strains, T. klugi revealed no salivary gland infections and was not able to transmit the parasite
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Camundongos , Comportamento Alimentar , Estágios do Ciclo de Vida , Triatoma , Animais de Laboratório , Galinhas , Oviposição , Temperatura , Fatores de Tempo , Triatoma , TrypanosomaRESUMO
In the present study, we report a simple method to induce high Trypanosoma rangeli differentiation in vitro, producing a large number of infective trypomastigote forms. Parasites from SC-58 (Brazil) and Choachi (Colombia) strains were cultivated at 27 degrees C in TC-100, Grace and DMEM media, each supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum and prepared at three distinct pHs (6.0, 7.0, 8.0). Differentiation was microscopically evaluated at 0, 3 and 6 days after cultivation in each medium by determining the percentage of trypomastigotes in Giemsa-stained smears. Our data revealed similar results for both T. rangeli strains, showing (after 6 days of cultivation in DMEM medium, pH 8.0) the presence of about 80% of trypomastigotes. These culture-derived trypomastigotes proved to be infective to both Balb-C mice and Rhodnius spp, reaching the triatomine's salivary glands. Our results describe a new and easy method to induce high T. rangeli differentiation in vitro, allowing further studies on the antigenic constitution of trypomastigotes.