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PURPOSE: To evaluate the intramucosal retention system in patients' masticatory efficiency and quality of life in this case series. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 3 individuals with maxillectomy were included for rehabilitation with a complete obturator prostheses with an intramucosal retention system (OPI). The complete obturator prostheses was made for 60 days, and electromyography assessments and bite force were applied before, after 30, 60, and 90 days of surgery and prostheses installation. The University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QoL) and the Obturator Functional Scale (OFS) were also administered at baseline and in the same follow-up periods. The electromyography was evaluated on both sides of the masseter, temporalis, and buccinator muscles while chewing hard and soft food. The maximum bite force was recorded in the central incisors and both sides of the first molar region. RESULTS: Bite force values increased in the first molar region, and muscular electrical activity remained constant. Items related to the taste and swallowing of the UW-QOL impacted. Most OFS questionnaire data responses indicated that patients improved in swallowing liquid foods and appearance. CONCLUSIONS: The rehabilitative capacity improves masticatory efficiency and QoL in adults maxilectomized and rehabilitated with OPI analysis in the study. Further clinical studies should be encouraged to determine the effectiveness of this retentive system.

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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Oral mucormycosis is uncommon in pediatric patients with hematolymphoid diseases. Prosthetic rehabilitation is challenging, and protocols are scarce in the literature. PURPOSE: The purpose of this clinical report and systematic literature review of case reports and case series was to describe the clinicopathologic aspects of oral mucormycosis and the interim prosthetic rehabilitation of an affected infant. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical lesions were ulcerative and necrotic with underlying bone exposure that affected the hard palate. The affected area underwent surgical debridement, and histopathologic analysis was performed. A literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science up to October 2023 was performed. RESULTS: The histopathological features were consistent with mucormycosis. Topical and systemic antifungals were prescribed. Tooth eruption was insufficient, and an acetate plate without clasp retention, but still with adequate retention, was fabricated. Articulatory, masticatory, and swallowing functions were restored, preventing the passage of food and fluids into the oroantral cavities. Twenty-five articles describing 26 patients with oral mucormycosis related to hematolymphoid disorders affecting the pediatric population were identified. None of the authors of these articles provided information about oral rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to increasing the chances of survival for infants affected by oral mucormycosis. Custom-made rehabilitation should be provided to restore oral function and improve the patient's general health.

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The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with oral health-related quality of life in adolescents (OHRQoL). Individual data on adolescents were collected from a secondary database. OHRQoL was measured using the oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) scale. Individual- and city-level variables were selected to represent the structural and intermediate determinants of health. The individual covariates analyzed were sex, age, skin color, maternal education, household income, number of people per room in the housing unit, dental attendance, self-perception of dental needs, untreated dental caries, and gingival bleeding. The contextual variables included the allocation factor, the Human Development Index (HDI), Gini coefficient, illiteracy, unemployment, income, average number of emergency dental visits per inhabitant, access to a sanitary sewer system, garbage collection, primary health care coverage, oral health team coverage, and number of tooth extractions between selected dental procedures and supervised toothbrushing. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between contextual and individual variables with overall OIDP scores (STATA version 16.0) - rate ratio (RR) and 95%CI. The mean OIDP score was 0.72 and the prevalence was 31.8%. There was an association between supervised toothbrushing average and the outcome (RR 0.95; 95%CI 0.91­0.99). Moreover, adolescents who lived in municipalities with the highest average number of emergency dental visits per inhabitant showed a higher OIDP. Sex, maternal education, untreated dental caries, and gingival bleeding were associated with OIDP. In addition, intersectoral public policies focusing on the reduction of social inequalities should be on the agenda of policymakers and stakeholders.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with oral health-related quality of life in adolescents (OHRQoL). Individual data on adolescents were collected from a secondary database. OHRQoL was measured using the oral impact on daily performance (OIDP) scale. Individual- and city-level variables were selected to represent the structural and intermediate determinants of health. The individual covariates analyzed were sex, age, skin color, maternal education, household income, number of people per room in the housing unit, dental attendance, self-perception of dental needs, untreated dental caries, and gingival bleeding. The contextual variables included the allocation factor, the Human Development Index (HDI), Gini coefficient, illiteracy, unemployment, income, average number of emergency dental visits per inhabitant, access to a sanitary sewer system, garbage collection, primary health care coverage, oral health team coverage, and number of tooth extractions between selected dental procedures and supervised toothbrushing. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between contextual and individual variables with overall OIDP scores (STATA version 16.0) - rate ratio (RR) and 95%CI. The mean OIDP score was 0.72 and the prevalence was 31.8%. There was an association between supervised toothbrushing average and the outcome (RR 0.95; 95%CI 0.91-0.99). Moreover, adolescents who lived in municipalities with the highest average number of emergency dental visits per inhabitant showed a higher OIDP. Sex, maternal education, untreated dental caries, and gingival bleeding were associated with OIDP. In addition, intersectoral public policies focusing on the reduction of social inequalities should be on the agenda of policymakers and stakeholders.

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The treatment of oral cancer can lead to various oral complications, including oral defects, tissue deformation, and trismus in patients who have undergone oral cancer surgery with resection of any part of the maxillary. Restoring the ability to chew, swallow, and maintain esthetics is essential and a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to report a successful clinical case of preprosthetic surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation of a 65-year-old man who had undergone marginal maxillectomy, resulting in tissue scarring and a significant reduction in maximal mouth opening. The oral rehabilitation was achieved using a conventional removable prosthesis. This case demonstrates that preprosthetic surgery combined with conventional removable prosthesis is an effective strategy for complex rehabilitations providing functional and esthetic improvement in the affected area for patients with marginal maxillectomies resulting from oral cancer.

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Prosthetic rehabilitation is an option available for patients with extensive maxillofacial defects with the ability to restore esthetics and function. The surgical procedure can result in anatomical and functional sequelae leading to functional, psychological and aesthetic disorders. This clinical case report describes the unique and highly-specialized fabrication method of an oral and facial prosthesis for a patient with a near total maxillectomy, excision of upper lip, rhinectomy and radiotherapy for treatment of an extensive malignant neoplasm. Four carefully placed zygomatic implants were used to retain an oral obturator and an external mid-facial prosthesis. A well-functioning maxillofacial prosthesis is essential for improving quality of life, psychological adjustment to cancer and cancer related disabilities, and a positive coping response. The prosthetic rehabilitation allowed the patient's reintegration into society accompanying the satisfactory restoration of aesthetics, phonetics, mastication, and deglutition. Key words:Maxillectomy, rhinectomy, maxillofacial prosthesis, zygomatic implants, head and neck neoplasm.

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Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are among the frontline healthcare workers and are classified as a high-risk group for COVID-19 infection; however, it has not yet been defined how these professionals were impacted. The aim of this study was to explore the conducts and perceptions of oral and maxillofacial surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Nine individuals, mean age 34.8 years, 66.6% men, were included in the study. A semi-structured interview with a qualitative approach was applied to professionals belonging to a messaging application group (WhatsApp). Content analysis was performed in the light of Hellerian theory in its daily theoretical framework for the interpretation of the memories reported by the participants. Four themes were identified. The lack of knowledge about COVID-19 and the fear of being contaminated during care were the main factors responsible for changes in the professionals' work routine. An important point was the collective reflection of the participants about the increase in biosafety barriers, which ensured a greater sense of security. The need for social isolation to contain the virus was also described. As a result, there was a great distance between professionals and their families, which generated high levels of anxiety in the former. Repetitive reports of slowness and reduced attendance directly related to financial loss and aggravated stress were also highlighted. The findings of this study reveal that oral and maxillofacial surgeons had their professional-personal axis affected in terms of daily habits, family life and financial strain, aspects that were responsible for impacting stress and anxiety levels.

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Background: The aim of this study was to verify if there is a relationship between self-reported pain, PPT (pressure pain threshold) of the masseter, temporal and sternocleidomastoid muscles, pain catastrophizing and quality of life in patients with TMD (temporomandibular disorder) of muscular origin. Material and Methods: Ninety-seven patients with muscular TMD (TMD group) and 97 asymptomatic (control group) were included in the study. The evaluation methods used were: 1) Self-reported pain was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for questions 7, 8 and 9 of the RDC/TMD Axis I questionnaire; 2) The PPT assessment was performed using a digital algometer on the masseter, temporal, and sternocleidomastoid muscles (both sides); 3) Pain catastrophizing was assessed using the PCS (Pain Catastrophizing Scale); and 4) Oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the OHIP-14 (Oral Healthy Impact Profile-14). Data were submitted to Spearman correlation and logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: There were significant positive correlations between self-reported pain (VAS-Q7, VAS-Q8 and VAS-Q9), pain catastrophizing (PCS-Helplessness, PCS-Magnification, PCS-Rumination and PCS-Total) and quality of life (OHIP-14) (p<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation of self-reported pain (VAS-Q8) with PPT of the temporal (left) and sternocleidomastoid (both sides) (p<0.05). The rumination and magnification domains increased the chance of high self-reported pain in all situations (VAS-Q7, VAS-Q8 and VAS-Q9) (p<0.05). The helplessness domain only increased the chance of high self-reported pain for VAS-Q8 (p<0.05). The presence of TMD of muscular origin, high self-reported pain (VAS-Q7) or pain catastrophizing increased the chance of a low quality of life in relation to the control group (p<0.05). In addition, the reduction in sternocleidomastoid PPT increased the chance of poor quality of life (p<0.05). Key words:Myofascial pain syndromes, pain catastrophizing, myalgia, quality of life, surveys and questionnaires, temporomandibular joint disorders.

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Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been widely used to promote tissue repair. However, PBMT's critical roles in the epithelial and mesenchymal tissues interactions are still barely known. Herein, we investigated light parameters on challenged keratinocytes (KC)-i.e., cultivated under oxidative stress-solely or associated with fibroblasts (FB) in a co-culture system. Cells were treated with PBMT at the wavelength of 660 nm, at 20 mW and 0.71 W/cm2 . Three different energy densities were primarily evaluated on KC: 1 (1.4 s), 5 (7 s), and 50 J/cm2 (70 s). Next, KC and FB were co-cultured and assessed at 5 J/cm2 . This energy density was also tested in ex vivo murine skin samples. Our main data suggest that PBMT can increase cellular proliferation at low doses and cell migration in a biphasic mode (1 and 50 J/cm2 ), both further confirmed by the epidermal growth factor receptor ligand-amphiregulin-upregulation. IL-1RA mRNA-the IL-1ß (interleukin-1ß) receptor antagonist recognized to fasten wound repair-was upregulated in the co-culture system. Upon PBMT, the ex vivo findings showed a progressive increase in the epidermal thickness, although presenting qualitatively less differentiated epithelium than the control group. In conclusion, PBMT effects are dependent on the cellular interactions with the surrounding microenvironment. Ultimately, PBMT is anti-inflammatory and contributes to the expression of critical mediators of wound repair.

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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Brazilian green propolis may be an alternative product that reduces the development of a microbial biofilm on the polymers used for maxillofacial prostheses. However, its effects as a disinfectant have not been fully established. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of Brazilian green propolis alcohol solutions against the Staphylococcus aureus biofilm on polymers used in maxillofacial prostheses, the maxillofacial silicone elastomer (MDX4-4210), and specific acrylic resins for ocular prostheses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 324 disk-shaped specimens (3×10 mm) of each material were fabricated. All specimens were contaminated with S. aureus (108 cells/mL) to assess the antibiofilm activity of immersion solutions and protocols. Thus, 162 specimens of each material were randomly distributed and equally divided into 5 groups of disinfectants and 1 control group: 3 separate groups of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% propolis alcohol solutions, 1 group of 5% propolis alcohol gel, a positive control group of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and a negative control group of distilled water. Specimens (n=9) were disinfected by immersion for 5, 10, and 15 minutes and immersed in culture medium for 24 hours. Any notable turgescence in the final medium was considered indicative of a biofilm. The effects of disinfectants were analyzed by a turbidity assay and by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: The final medium with specimens disinfected with 10% propolis alcohol solution showed no turbidity, indicating constant efficacy against the S. aureus biofilm. Similarly, these findings were observed in the 2% chlorhexidine gluconate group. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated that the surface of the polymers treated with 10% propolis alcohol solution did not show bacterial colonies. CONCLUSIONS: Disinfection with 10% green propolis alcohol solution was effective in eliminating the S. aureus biofilm from specimens of maxillofacial elastomer and N1 acrylic resin specific to ocular prostheses by immersion for 5 minutes.

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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Type IV hypersensitivity reactions (Type IV HR) are immune responses mediated by antigen-specific effector T cells. PURPOSE: The purpose of this clinical report and systematic review was to report the clinicopathological features of Type IV HR in the oral mucosa and to present a systematic literature review of case reports and case series of individuals with Type IV HR in the oral mucosa related to contact with dental materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The presented clinical lesions were melanotic macules with burning that affected the internal labial mucosa in contact with composite resin veneer crowns. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of the lesion was performed. The systematic literature review was performed based on a search in 4 electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Ovid). RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry showed positivity for CD4, CD8, CD20, CD3, tryptase, and CD117. After conservative treatment, the patient reported improvement of symptoms, and a decrease in the number of inflammatory cells was verified. Twenty-one articles were included in the review. Unlike the present patient, the authors of all the articles recommended radical treatment with the removal of the dental material. CONCLUSIONS: Type IV HR in oral mucosa is rare, and the assessment of clinical and histopathological characteristics is essential to perform an accurate diagnosis and provide appropriate treatment.

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Frequently, the oral cavity area can be affected by different diseases, so the patient needs to be submitted to surgery to remove a specific region of the mandibular. A complete or partial discontinuity of the mandibular bone can cause direct or indirect forces variations during the mastication. The dental prosthesis is an alternative to generate an aesthetic or functional solution for oral cavity lesions. However, they can be wrongly designed, or they can lose the adjustment during their useful life, deteriorating the patient's condition. In this work, the influence of the fixation components position for a dental prosthesis will be studied based on the finite element method. By means, it is possible to determine the area of the highest stress concentration generated on the mandibular structure. The temporomandibular image obtained by computational tomography was used as a 3D graphic whole model because in the medical area the morphological factors are extremely important. Vertical loads of 50, 100, 150 and 200 N were applied in three different regions: in the whole buccal cavity, simultaneously in the left and right laterals and only in the right lateral, to determine the values of von Mises stress in the mandible. These results were compared between three finite element software packages (Ansys®, SolidWorks® and Inventor®) and a meshless software (SimSolid®). They showed similar behaviors in the highest mechanical stress concentration in the same regions. Regarding the stress values, the percentage error between each software package was less than 10%. The use of SimSolid® software (meshless) proved to be better at identifying the higher stress generated by the dental prosthesis in the facial skeleton, so its computational efficiency, due to its geometric complexity, was highlighted.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of disinfectants on the biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis formed on the acrylic surface of ocular prostheses. In this study, 396 acrylic specimens were manufactured (50% for Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 50% for Staphylococcus aureus). For each bacterium, 66 specimens were subjected to biofilm formation on their surfaces for 24 hours, 66 specimens were subjected to biofilm formation on their surfaces for 48 hours, and 66 specimens were subjected to biofilm formation on their surfaces for 72 hours. Then, they were divided into groups according to disinfection method (n = 6): sterile distilled water for 10, 15, 30 min, and 6 hours (control); soap for 30 min (NES30); Opti-Free for 30 min (OPF30) and 6 h (OPF6); Efferdent for 15 min (EFF15); and 0.5%, 2%, and 4% chlorhexidine for 10 min (0.5% CHX10, 2% CHX10, and 4% CHX10). After the treatments, the specimens were vortexed to release the biofilm and the counting of bacterial colonies was performed (CFU/mL). Three-way ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer HSD test were used (α = 0.05). For Staphylococcus epidermidis, there was no significant difference between NES30, OPF30, and OPF6 with their respective control groups; nor between NES30, OPF30, and OPF6 themselves, regardless of the biofilm development period (P >0.05). For Staphylococcus aureus, there was no significant difference between NES30 and OPF30 with their control group; nor between NES30 and OPF30 themselves, regardless of the biofilm development period (P >0.05). For Staphylococcus aureus, OPF6 showed a significant reduction in the number of CFU/mL when compared with its control group, NES30, and OPF30, regardless of the biofilm development period (P <0.05). For both bacteria, 0.5% CHX10, 2% CHX10,4% CHX10, and EFF15 showed a significant reduction in the number of CFU/mL when compared with their control groups, NES30, OPF30, and OPF6, regardless of the biofilm development period (P <0.05). Therefore, EFF15 and CHX (0.5%, 2% and 4%) were effective in reducing Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus on acrylic surfaces. NES30 and OPF (30 and 6) are not recommended.

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OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of patients with oral or oropharyngeal cancer by using specific questionnaires (QLQ-C30 and QLQ-HandN35), varying according to the location of the tumor (oral cavity or oropharynx) and the treatment performed (only surgery or surgery associated with radiotherapy). METHODS: Fifty patients were enrolled in this study and answered the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC HandN35 questionnaires, before (baseline), at 1 week, and 3 months after treatment. Internal consistency reliability was calculated with the Cronbach coefficient. The Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests were applied and P.

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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders includes local and systemic factors, with an emphasis on the occlusal condition, trauma, parafunctional activities, and emotional stress, deriving signs of anxiety and depression. These, in turn, are more likely to develop in the university population, due to the changes required when entering university and the demand for good performance. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between anxiety and depression symptoms and the existence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorders in university students. METHODS: An epidemiological, randomized, and cross-sectional clinical study conducted with 100 university students. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Axis II and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaires were applied. For the statistical analysis, the Chi-square tests and the Logistic regression model were used. RESULTS: The results of the present study consisted of responses from 79 women and 21 men, with a mean age of 19 years. The following associations were observed: general health status and depression; anxiety and pain in the face/ clicking; habit of grinding/clenching teeth when sleeping, and a "yes" answer to anxiety; discomfort with your teeth and depression; state of anguished/worried about all anxiety issues; depression and thoughts about death, difficulty in breathing and feeling discouraged about the future. CONCLUSION: From the data obtained, it was possible to conclude that the presence of symptoms related to anxiety and depression interfere with the painful symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in the addressed population.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A etiologia das disfunções temporomandibulares engloba fatores locais e sistêmicos, destacando-se a condição oclusal, trauma, atividades parafuncionais e estresse emocional, derivando-se os sinais de ansiedade e de depressão. Esses, por sua vez, apresentam maior propensão em se desenvolver na população universitária devido às mudanças exigidas ao ingressar na universidade e a cobrança por um bom desempenho. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação de sintomas de ansiedade e de depressão e a existência de sintomas associados às disfunções temporomandibulares em estudantes universitários. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo clínico epidemiológico, aleatório e transversal, cuja amostra foi constituída por 100 estudantes universitários, aos quais foram aplicados os questionários Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Eixo II e o Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Para a análise estatística foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado e o Modelo de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Os resultados do presente estudo foram constituídos pelas respostas de 79 mulheres e 21 homens, com média de idade de 19 anos. Foram observadas as seguintes associações: estado de saúde geral e depressão, ansiedade e dor na face/estalos, hábito de ranger/apertar os dentes ao dormir, e resposta "sim" para ansiedade, desconforto com seus dentes e depressão; estado de angustiado/preocupado com todas as questões de ansiedade; depressão e pensamentos sobre morte, dificuldade em respirar e sentir-se desanimado sobre o futuro. CONCLUSÃO: A partir dos dados obtidos foi possível concluir que a presença de sintomas relativos à ansiedade e depressão interferem nos sintomas dolorosos das disfunções temporomandibulares da população abordada.

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BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to investigate pain perception and anxiety within the context of surgery for the placement of mandibular block bone and to evaluate the causality effect between theses variables. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 13 patients were recruited for the study and were submitted to mandibular autogenous block bone surgery. Demographic data were collected and the anxiety level was determined using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The STAI was administered on the day of surgery and on the 14th postoperative day. Pain was determined using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and limitation of daily activities and postoperative symptoms were also reported. Data were analyzed using parametric tests (α=0.05) and cross-lagged analysis was performed to verify a causality effect. RESULTS: Few patients reported interference with daily activities or the presence of postoperative symptoms. A significant association of bad breath/taste with STAI-State was detected on the 14th postoperative day. No evidence of causality between STAI and VAS was detected. CONCLUSIONS: The patient's self-evaluation indicates that the pain and anxiety level felt during treatment was not directly associated with the clinical aspects of the surgical procedure or with postoperative activities/symptoms limitations. Key words:Anxiety pain, questionnaires, autogenous bone block, treatment, outcomes.

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Maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation is almost always indicated after surgical treatment of affected individuals with oral cavity and pharynx cancers. Few articles have described in detail the technical sequence of maxillofacial prosthesis fabrication. The first case is a 56-year-old woman who was rehabilitated with pharyngeal obturator prosthesis after a partial maxillectomy, including soft palate, tonsil, oropharynx, and retromolar space regions. The second case is an 83-year-old man who was rehabilitated with hard palatal obturator prosthesis after a maxillectomy, including hard palate and nasal floor. In both cases, the patients complained of oronasal regurgitation and difficulty in chewing, swallowing, and speaking. A multi-professional approach including oral rehabilitation should be part of the treatment plan for individuals with oral and pharyngeal cancer after tumor resection.

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The aim of this study was to describe a series with 66 cases of infected cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) and to discuss the demographic distribution, clinicoradiographic features and treatment of this condition. A study looking back on the diagnoses made at a single Brazilian centre within a 28-year timeframe was performed. A literature review with searches across five databases was also conducted to identify reports on osteomyelitis/infected COD. Descriptive and statistical analyses were performed. The case series study showed a female/male ratio of 21:1. Affected individuals' mean age was 57.4 years. Mandible was the most affected site (95.5%) and florid subtype was the most frequent infected COD (62.1%). Tooth extraction was the main factor associated with the development of infection associated within a COD lesion. The literature review retrieved 30 studies reporting 46 cases of this condition. Asian women in their 40 s and 50 s were more affected. Surgery for removal/curettage of necrotic bone was acknowledged as an appropriate approach to the treatment of this infection. The clinicodemographic data of the study were similar to data collected across the literature. Clinicians, maxillofacial surgeons and oral rehabilitation providers should be alert to the diagnosis of COD, since infection is a frequent complication whose management is challenging.

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STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Maxillofacial elastomers undergo physical and mechanical degradation with disinfecting solutions. Solutions of Brazilian green propolis extract may be suitable alternatives for infection control of maxillofacial prostheses. However, their effects on the properties of the material are unknown. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of disinfection with solutions of Brazilian green propolis extract on the transmittance, translucency parameter, contrast ratio, and hardness of 2 maxillofacial elastomers (MDX4-4210 and MED-4014). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty disk-shaped specimens (3×10 mm) of each elastomer were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups of disinfectant agents and 1 control group: 3 separate groups of 11% green propolis extracts including aqueous (PAQ), glycolic (PGL), and alcoholic (PAL), a 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) group, and the control group of distilled water. Specimens were subjected to disinfection by immersion 3 times a week for 60 days. Color differences (ΔE values) were calculated with CIELab and CIEDE2000 formulas. Optical parameters and Shore A hardness were determined at 2 time points: at baseline and after the period of specimen disinfection. Data were analyzed by parametric and nonparametric analysis of variance and by multiple-comparison tests (α=.05). RESULTS: The ΔE values of specimens immersed in 11% PAL were not clinically acceptable for either elastomer. Regarding translucency parameter and contrast ratio, the immersion in 11% PAL and 11% PGL resulted in greater opacity and lower translucency of the material. Mean Shore A hardness values were not statistically significantly different at baseline or after 60 days of immersion in the solutions. CONCLUSIONS: The solution of Brazilian green propolis extract tested showed changes in optical parameters. Elastomers immersed in 11% alcoholic green propolis extract showed clinically unacceptable color and translucency changes. All hardness values of the tested elastomers were clinically acceptable after immersion in all tested disinfectant groups.

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