RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is a significant global health issue, accounting for 1 in 8 cancer diagnoses worldwide. HLA class I molecules are typically expressed on the cell surface, but cancer cells can develop mechanisms to evade recognition by CTLs, including the downregulation of HLA class I expression. In this context, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the role of HLA class I expression in clinical outcomes for patients with BC. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane databases. Effect sizes, along with I2 and Tau2 statistics, were used to assess heterogeneity through a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model. Statistical analyses were performed using R statistical software, version 4.2.3. RESULTS: Among the 8 included studies, most of the analyzed samples consisted of ductal carcinoma cases (1588, 86.39 %), from the luminal (A or B) intrinsic subtype (1865, 69.07 %), with no lymph node metastasis (2658, 57.24 %), no HER2 overexpression (2594, 67.46 %), negative Ki67 status (1721, 71.26 %), and positive hormone receptor status (4732, 64.05 %). The analysis revealed a significant reduction in disease-free survival (HR 0.57; 95 % CI 0.34 to 0.95; p = 0.034; I2 = 84 %) in the group with low HLA-I expression. However, no significant difference was found between the groups with high and low HLA-I expression regarding overall survival (HR 0.77; 95 % CI 0.28 to 2.14; p = 0.62; I2 = 86 %). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that HLA class I expression is associated with a significant improvement in disease-free survival, though no significant effect on overall survival was observed.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Nível de Saúde , Antígenos HLARESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To identify chromosome deletions in 1q25, 1p36 and 1pTEL, and chromosome 17 ploidy status in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Samples from 57 OED and 63 OSCC were selected. FISH was performed using centromeric probes 17 and n LSIR 1p36/LSI 1q25 Dual Color Probe. RESULTS: In OED, deletions were found only in 1pTEL region (29.8%). In OSCC, there was a higher frequency of deletion in 1pTEL (79.4%), followed by 1p36 (73.0%), and 1q25 (20.6%). Advanced TNM clinical stages (III/IV) showed all the deletions studied; at early clinical stages (I/II) of OSCC, deletions were observed only in 1pTEL. The frequency of deletion in 1p36 was 17.0 times higher in OSCC at advanced clinical stages (PR: 17.00). The median number of cell nuclei with chromosome 17 aneuploidy was higher in OSCC than in OED (P < 0.001). Early clinical stages of OSCC showed lower median number nuclei with aneuploidy when compared to advanced tumors (P < 0.05). Tumors harboring deletions in 1p36, 1q25 and 1pTEL revealed higher median numbers of trisomic/polysomic nuclei when compared to lesions exhibiting no abnormalities in chromosome 1 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: A higher prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities was found in OSCC than in OED, while in OSCC, higher abnormalities were present in lesions with higher TNM staging. 1pTEL deletion and monosomy of chromosome 17 are possible markers for progression of OED to OSCC. 1p36 deletion and trisomy/polysomy of chromosome 17 could be markers of worse prognosis of OSCC.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Par 17 , Mucosa Bucal , Neoplasias Bucais , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço , Aneuploidia , Deleção de Genes , Humanos , Hiperplasia , Hibridização in Situ Fluorescente , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Neoplasias Bucais/genética , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/genéticaRESUMO
MYC overexpression is a common phenomenon in gastric carcinogenesis. In this study, we identified genes differentially expressed with a downregulated profile in gastric cancer (GC) cell lines with silenced MYC. The TTLL12, CDKN3, CDC16, PTPRA, MZT2B, UBE2T genes were validated using qRT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry in tissues of 213 patients with diffuse and intestinal GC. We identified high levels of TTLL12, MZT2B, CDC16, UBE2T, associated with early and advanced stages, lymph nodes, distant metastases and risk factors such as H. pylori. Our results show that in the diffuse GC the overexpression of CDC16 and UBE2T indicate markers of poor prognosis higher than TTLL12. That is, patients with overexpression of these two genes live less than patients with overexpression of TTLL12. In the intestinal GC, patients who overexpressed CDC16 had a significantly lower survival rate than patients who overexpressed MZT2B and UBE2T, indicating in our data a worse prognostic value of CDC16 compared to the other two genes. PTPRA and CDKN3 proved to be important for assessing tumor progression in the early and advanced stages. In summary, in this study, we identified diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of GC under the control of MYC, related to the cell cycle and the neoplastic process.