RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Tourism areas represent ecologies of heightened HIV vulnerability characterized by a disproportionate concentration of alcohol venues. Limited research has explored how alcohol venues facilitate HIV transmission. METHODS: We spatially mapped locations of alcohol venues in a Dominican tourism town and conducted a venue-based survey of key informants (n=135) focused on three facets of alcohol venues: structural features, type of patrons, and HIV risk behaviors. Using latent class analysis, we identified evidence-based typologies of alcohol venues for each of the three facets. Focused contrasts identified the co-occurrence of classes of structural features, classes of types of patrons, and classes of HIV risk behavior, thus elaborating the nature of high risk venues. RESULTS: We identified three categories of venue structural features, three for venue patrons, and five for HIV risk behaviors. Analysis revealed that alcohol venues with the greatest structural risks (e.g. sex work on-site with lack of HIV prevention services) were most likely frequented by the venue patron category characterized by high population-mixing between locals and foreign tourists, who were in turn most likely to engage in the riskiest behaviors. CONCLUSION: Our results highlight the stratification of venue patrons into groups who engage in behaviors of varying risk in structural settings that vary in risk. The convergence of high-risk patron groups in alcohol venues with the greatest structural risk suggests these locations have potential for HIV transmission. Policymakers and prevention scientists can use these methods and data to target HIV prevention resources to identified priority areas.
Assuntos
Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Viagem/classificação , Adulto , Bebidas Alcoólicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Região do Caribe/epidemiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Preservativos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , República Dominicana/epidemiologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Homossexualidade Masculina/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Assunção de Riscos , Trabalho Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Profissionais do Sexo/estatística & dados numéricos , Transexualidade , Viagem/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
The present study examined cognitive and emotional correlates of sexual decision-making among three groups of Dominican adolescents: (a) Dominican youth who were born and raised in New York City, (b) Dominican youth who recently immigrated to New York City from the Dominican Republic, and (c) Dominican adolescents who were born and currently reside in the Dominican Republic. Data were collected via self-administered questionnaires from Dominican mother-adolescent dyads in New York City (n = 1,008) and the Dominican Republic (n = 213). Across groups, positive emotion constructs were consistently among the most important correlates of intentions to engage in sexual intercourse while issues related to STIs and HIV showed the lowest correlations. Interestingly, positive correlations with intentions to engage in intercourse were found among Dominican-residing males, as were positive correlations with intentions among Dominican-residing females. The implications for HIV prevention programs for Dominican youth are discussed.
Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente , Cognição/fisiologia , Emoções/fisiologia , Hispânico ou Latino/etnologia , Comportamento Sexual , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/etnologia , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Tomada de Decisões/fisiologia , República Dominicana/etnologia , Feminino , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde/etnologia , Humanos , Masculino , Cidade de Nova Iorque/etnologia , Comportamento Sexual/etnologia , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos/etnologiaRESUMO
Existing literature related to HIV in the Dominican Republic has tended to neglect the unique role of tourism areas as distinct ecologies facilitative of sexual risk behavior, particularly HIV vulnerability and transmission. Furthermore, limited attention has focused on Dominican adolescents living in close proximity to tourism areas who have become increasingly exposed to alcohol due to the expanding tourism industry in the Dominican Republic. While most previous analyses of the effects of alcohol on adolescent sexual risk behavior have focused on the transient effects of alcohol on judgment and decision making, the effects of chronic alcohol use on sexual behavior has been a neglected area of research. Our study explores the relationship between chronic alcohol use, the parent-adolescent relationship, affective factors such as self-esteem, and intentions to engage in sex. We examine the above factors within the context of tourism areas which represent a unique ecology of alcohol availability and consumption and HIV risk. We discuss implications for developing applied family-based programs to target Dominican adolescent alcohol use and sexual risk behavior in tourism areas of high alcohol exposure.