Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica , Adulto , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo , Exercício Físico , Tolerância ao Exercício , Humanos , ObesidadeRESUMO
Obesity is often associated with increased risk of cardiometabolic morbidities and mortality. However, evidence shows that some obese individuals are more likely to develop such risk factors early in life, including those with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Whether the presence of MetS in obese people impairs cardiac autonomic modulation (CAM) remains to be investigated. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. Sixty-six subjects were classified as normal-weight (NW, nâ¯=â¯24) or obese (BMIâ¯≥â¯30â¯kg·m-2): metabolically healthy (MHO, nâ¯=â¯19) vs unhealthy (MUHO, nâ¯=â¯23: NCEP/ATPIII-MetS criteria). Body composition (bioimpedance), metabolic (glucose-insulin/lipid) and inflammatory profiles were determined. Linear and nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) indices were computed at rest and during the submaximal six-minute step test (6MST). Blood pressure (BP) and metabolic and ventilatory variables were assessed (oxygen uptake, VO2; carbon dioxide production, VCO2; minute ventilation, VE) during the 6MST and the maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX). RESULTS: All groups reached the same 6MST intensity (VO2â¯~â¯80% and HRâ¯~â¯87% of CPX peak values). Both obese groups, independently of MetS, presented higher BP and lower maximal VO2 than NW. However, HRV differed between groups according to MetS at rest and during exercise: MUHO had lower meanRRi and SD1 than NW and lower RMSSD and pNN50 than MHO at rest; during exercise, the lowest SDNN, TINN, SD1 and Shannon entropy were observed for MUHO. Significant correlations were found between MetS, insulin resistance and HRV indices; and between insulin resistance and aerobic capacity (VO2peak). CONCLUSION: Obesity per se impairs aerobic-hemodynamic responses to exercise. However, MetS in obese young adults negatively impacts overall HRV, parasympathetic activity and HRV complexity.
Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiopatologia , Tolerância ao Exercício/fisiologia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Coração/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Transversais , Teste de Esforço , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Aptidão Física/fisiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
A leucemia linfóide aguda é uma neoplasia maligna do sistema hematopoiético caracterizada pela alteração do crescimento e da proliferação das células linfóides na medula óssea, com conseqüente acúmulo de células jovens indiferenciadas, denominadas blastos. É a neoplasia maligna mais freqüente (70 por cento) entre as crianças menores de 15 anos de idade. As manifestações clínicas mais comuns incluem febre, equimose e palidez, porém a dor óssea pode ser encontrada como sintoma inicial em 25 por cento dos casos. Assim, com o objetivo de determinar a freqüência da dor óssea e sua relação com dados clínico-laboratoriais em crianças portadoras de leucemia linfóide aguda atendidas na unidade de Oncologia Pediátrica do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto-SP, foram avaliadas cinqüenta crianças portadoras de leucemia linfóide aguda com idade até 15 anos, no período de dezembro de 1991 a dezembro de 2001. Entre as crianças estudadas, 18 apresentaram dor óssea como queixa principal e, destas, 14 apresentaram tempo de evolução (período entre primeiro sintoma e o diagnóstico) superior a 15 dias (p=0.018). Além disso, 13 crianças com dor óssea e tempo de evolução superior a 15 dias apresentaram níveis de hemoglobina inferiores a 8g/dl (p=0,008).
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a hematopoietic malignancy characterized by alterations in the growth and proliferation of lymphoblastic cells in bone marrow, with consequent accumulation of immature white blood cells called blasts. It is the most common malignant neoplasm seen in under fifteen-year-olds. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia frequently presents with fever, ecchymosis and paleness, however bone pain is the initial symptom found in 25 percent of the cases. The objective of this work is to determine the frequency of bone pain and its relation with clinical and laboratory data in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia admitted in the Pediatric Oncology Unit of Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. Fifty children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, aged under fifteen years old, in the period from December 1991 to December 2001 were assessed. Among the children studied, 18 presented bone pain as the main complain and of these, 14 presented a time of evolution (period between first symptom and diagnosis) of over 15 days (p=0.01). Moreover, 13 children with bone pain and time of evolution greater than 15 days had hemoglobinometry below 8 g/dL (p=0.008).