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Purpose. To evaluate the feasibility of use of an 1.5 T magnetic resonance (MR)-linear accelerator MR-linac for imaging in gynaecologic high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy.Method. Commissioning measurements for MR images quality control, geometric distortion, dwell position accuracy, applicator reconstruction and end-to-end test for a tandem-and-ring applicator were performed following the recommendations of American Brachytherapy Society, International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements and Report of the Brachytherapy Working Group of the Spanish Society of Medical Physics. The values for MR-based IGABT were compared to the corresponding values with computed tomography (CT).Results. Measured distorsions for the MR images were less than 0.50 mm compared to the CT images. The differences between 3D displacements for all dwell positions were 0.66 mm and 0.62 mm for the tandem and ring, respectively. The maximum difference is 0.64 mm for the distances from the applicator tip obtained using the films. The CT and MR dose differences for the right and left 'A' points were 0.9% and -0.7%, respectively. Similar results were observed in terms of dose distribution for CT and Mr The gamma passing rate was 99.3% and 99.5%, respectively.Conclusion. The use of MR images from an MR-linac used in a radiotherapy service for gynaecological brachytherapy was proved to be feasible, safe and precise as the geometrical differences were less than 1 mm, and the dosimetric differences were less than 1% when comparing to the use of CT images for the same purpose.

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The communication of e-Health has been transformed with the advancement of information technologies, therefore it is feasible to carry out studies in the context of health professionals' interactions. Objective: This study aimed to design and validate a preliminary questionnaire to investigate the context of the communications of health professionals through information technologies considering three significant dimensions. Method: The stages provided by Hernández Sampieri guided the building, validation through Cronbach's alpha and factorial analysis. The questionnaire was applied to 43 participants who simulated health professionals. Results: We obtained an instrument that includes a demographic data section and 20 items distributed into three factors. Internal consistency reliability with Cronbach's alpha values generally of 0.848 and higher than 0.811 was obtained in each dimension. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin's measure of sampling adequacy was regular, with 0.781, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to apply in real-world environments to reaffirm the results obtained.

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BACKGROUND High altitude increases sunlight exposure, resulting in actinic keratosis, which predisposes people to skin cancer. The dermoscopy procedure evaluates keratotic and pigmented skin changes. This study aimed to describe the clinical and dermoscopic actinic changes in the lips of 25 indigenous children living at high altitude in Ecuador. MATERIAL AND METHODS An observational study was conducted in a public school in the Andes region of Ecuador (August-November 2019). Twenty-five children, males and females, age 5-15 years were assessed by complete physical examination, digital dermoscopic photographs, and punch biopsies. Descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact test were used to summarize and analyze the data. RESULTS We included 17 (68%) boys and 8 (32%) girls with a mean age of 9.8±2.0 years. Clinical lips findings reported desquamation [52% Upper Lip (UL); 40% Lower Lip (LL)], fissuring (8% UL; 8% LL), scabs (8% UL; 8% LL), and discoloration (40% UL; 20% LL). Dermoscopic features included a white-yellow lip color (24% UL; p=0.02). The main morphologic pattern of blood vessels was monomorphic (88% UL; p<0.001), polymorphous (60% LL; p<0.001), dotted pattern (64% UL; 28% LL; p=0.02), and linear-irregular (32% UL; 72% LL; p=0.01). Girls had radiating white structures on UL (p=0.025), while boys presented white structureless areas (UL 63.6%; LL 77.8%; p=0.032). No differences in dermoscopic findings were observed according to Fitzpatrick scale score (FSS). Punch biopsies showed no indications of actinic cheilitis. CONCLUSIONS Dermoscopic features in indigenous children living in high altitudes were related to actinic damage, but histopathological findings were negative.

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Polyamines (Pas) are short molecules that exhibit two or three amine groups that are positively charged at a physiological pH. These small molecules are present in high concentrations in a wide variety of organisms and tissues, suggesting that they play an important role in cellular physiology. Polyamines include spermine, spermidine, and putrescine, which play important roles in age-related diseases that have not been completely elucidated. Aging is a natural process, defined as the time-related deterioration of the physiological functions; it is considered a risk factor for degenerative diseases such as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and musculoskeletal diseases; arthritis; and even cancer. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the participation of Pas in the cellular and molecular processes related to age-related diseases, focusing our attention on important degenerative diseases such as Alzheimerߣs disease, Parkinsonߣs disease, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. This new perspective leads us to propose that Pas function as novel biomarkers for age-related diseases, with the main purpose of achieving new molecular alternatives for healthier aging.

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BACKGROUND: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, known in Mexico as the "tree of the little hands", flower's infusion is used to treat kidney failure associated with diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of the methanolic extract of its flowers on oxidative damage in kidneys caused by streptozotocin in rats. METHODS: The extract phytochemical profile was performed with HPLC. Antioxidant potential in vitro was determined with DPPH and total phenolic tests; antioxidant evaluation in vivo was performed in diabetic rats administered daily via the intragastric route (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 6 weeks; serum glucose/creatinine, food/water consumption, and urinary volume were measured. Relative weight, protein/DNA ratios and oxidative stress were measured in renal tissue. RESULTS: The extract showed 20.53% of total phenolic content and IC50 of 18.05 µg/mL in DPPH, and this was associated with ferulic acid, phloretin and α-amyrin. Both doses showed a moderate decrease in the protein/DNA ratio in renal tissue, and the same behavior was observed for total urinary protein loss and serum creatinine, while the best antioxidant effect was exerted by a lower dose, which increased catalase activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in the kidneys. CONCLUSIONS: Results demonstrated that C. pentadactylon methanolic flower's extract improves renal function through antioxidant mechanisms during experimental diabetes.

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Antiepileptic drugs affect embryonic development when administered during pregnancy, generating severe alterations, such as as cleft lip, spina bifida, heart abnormalities, or neuronal alterations. The compound DL-4-hydroxy-4-phenylhexanamide (DL-HEPB), a phenyl alcohol amide structurally different from known anticonvulsants, has shown good anticonvulsant effects in previous studies. However, its effects on intrauterine development are unknown. So, the purpose of this study was to determine the potential of DL-HEPB to produce alterations in conceptus. Pregnant Wistar rats were orally exposed to 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of DL-HEPB during organogenesis, and their food consumption and weight gain were measured. On gestation day 21, pregnant females were euthanized to analyze the fetuses for external, visceral, and skeletal malformations. A significant decrease in food consumption and body weight was observed in mothers, without any other manifestation of toxicity. In fetuses, no external malformations, visceral, or skeletal abnormalities, were observed under the dose of 100 mg/kg, while the dose of 200 mg/kg caused malformations in low frequency in brain and kidneys. In view of the results obtained, DL-HEPB could be a good starting point for the design of new highly effective anticonvulsant agents, with much lower developmental toxicity than that shown by commercial anticonvulsants.

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The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes among colistin and multi-drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli strains isolated from patients in a tertiary hospital in Toluca, Mexico. The presence of mcr genes among the 241 strains collected was assessed by PCR. In the case of mcr-carrying E. coli, further PCR tests were performed to determine the presence of blaCTX-M and whether the strains belonged to the O25b-ST131 clone. Conjugation experiments were also carried out to assess the horizontal transmission of colistin resistance. A total of twelve strains (5.0%), of which four were E. coli; four were P. aeruginosa; three were K. pneumoniae, and one E. cloacae, were found to be resistant to colistin. Of these strains, two E. coli isolates were found to carry mcr-1, and Southern blot hybridization demonstrated its presence on an approximately 60 kb plasmid. Both mcr-1-carrying E. coli strains were found to co-express blaCTX-M, belong to the O25b-ST131 clone, and horizontally transmit their colistin resistance. The results of this study confirm the presence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in hospitalized patients in Mexico and demonstrated that the multi-drug-resistant O25b-ST131 E. coli clone can acquire mcr genes and transmit such resistance traits to other bacteria.

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The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has affected different human populations since March 2020 and challenged healthcare systems, especially in chronic non-communicable diseases such as cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the mortality, risk factors, and symptoms of cancer patients and control subjects, diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). This retrospective, observational, non-randomized, controlled study of patients admitted to ICU was conducted between March and August 2020 in an Ecuadorian oncology center. Patient information collected from electronic medical records included sociodemographic information, clinical history, symptoms, laboratory test results, COVID-19 treatment, and discharge status. For patients with neoplasia, diagnosis, type, and status of cancer, as well as antineoplastic treatment received over the past month was also recorded. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS (version 22.0) and R (version 4.1.3). In total, 79 adult COVID-19 patients were studied (40 with cancer and 39 controls). The total mean time until COVID-19 symptoms onset was 6.2 ±â€…3.5 days (5.3 ±â€…3.2 days in the cancer group vs 7.2 ±â€…3.6 days in the control group; P = .016) but no difference was observed in reported symptoms. All patients received an antibiotic treatment, but only 70% of the cancer group had antivirals (P < .001). Cancer patients had lower hemoglobin levels than controls (10.7 ±â€…2.8 vs 13.3 ±â€…1.7 g/dL; P < .001). In terms of mortality, not statistically significance difference was reported between groups. The study showed that high ferritin (Absolute Odds Ratio of 3.9; 95% CI 1.1-14.6) and mechanical ventilation (Absolute Odds Ratio of 4.9; 95% CI 1.3-18.6) were independent COVID-19 mortality risk factors. COVID-19 infection did not represent an increased risk of mortality in cancer patients, but elevated ferritin levels and the need for mechanical ventilation were identified as mortality risk factors.

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This study corresponds to the first large-scale genetic analysis of inherited eye diseases (IED) in Argentina and describes the comprehensive genetic profile of a large cohort of patients. Medical records of 22 ophthalmology and genetics services throughout 13 Argentinian provinces were analyzed retrospectively. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of an ophthalmic genetic disease and a history of genetic testing were included. Medical, ophthalmological and family history was collected. A total of 773 patients from 637 families were included, with 98% having inherited retinal disease. The most common phenotype was retinitis pigmentosa (RP, 62%). Causative variants were detected in 379 (59%) patients. USH2A, RPGR, and ABCA4 were the most common disease-associated genes. USH2A was the most frequent gene associated with RP, RDH12 early-onset severe retinal dystrophy, ABCA4 Stargardt disease, PROM1 cone-rod dystrophy, and BEST1 macular dystrophy. The most frequent variants were RPGR c.1345 C > T, p.(Arg449*) and USH2A c.15089 C > A, p.(Ser5030*). The study revealed 156/448 (35%) previously unreported pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants and 8 possible founder mutations. We present the genetic landscape of IED in Argentina and the largest cohort in South America. This data will serve as a reference for future genetic studies, aid diagnosis, inform counseling, and assist in addressing the largely unmet need for clinical trials to be conducted in the region.

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Mg-Zn co-dopedGaN powders via the nitridation of a Ga-Mg-Zn metallic solution at 1000 °C for 2 h in ammonia flow were obtained. XRD patterns for the Mg-Zn co-dopedGaN powders showed a crystal size average of 46.88 nm. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs had an irregular shape, with a ribbon-like structure and a length of 8.63 µm. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy showed the incorporation of Zn (Lα 1.012 eV) and Mg (Kα 1.253 eV), while XPS measurements showed the elemental contributions of magnesium and zinc as co-dopant elements quantified in 49.31 eV and 1019.49 eV, respectively. The photoluminescence spectrum showed a fundamental emission located at 3.40 eV(364.70 nm), which was related to band-to-band transition, besides a second emission found in a range from 2.80 eV to 2.90 eV (442.85-427.58 nm), which was related to a characteristic of Mg-doped GaN and Zn-doped GaN powders. Furthermore, Raman scattering demonstrated a shoulder at 648.05 cm-1, which could indicate the incorporation of the Mg and Zn co-dopants atoms into the GaN structure. It is expected that one of the main applications of Mg-Zn co-doped GaN powders is in obtaining thin films for SARS-CoV-2 biosensors.

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Gastric ulcers (GU) constitute a disease with a global prevalence ≈ 8.09 million. Of their causes, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin (IND) rank as the second most frequent etiologic agent. The pathogenic process of gastric lesions is given by the overproduction of oxidative stress, promotion of inflammatory processes, and inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Spirulina Arthrospira maxima (SP) is a cyanobacterium with a wide variety of substances with high nutritional and health values such as phycobiliproteins (PBPs) that have outstanding antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatories effects, and accelerate the wound healing process. This study aimed to determine the protective effect of PBPs in GU induced by IND 40 mg/kg. Our results show that the PBPs protected against IND-induced damage with a dose-dependent effect. At a dose of 400 mg/kg, a marked decrease in the number of lesions is observed, as well as the recovery of the main markers of oxidative stress damage (MDA) and antioxidant species (SOD, CAT, GPx) at close to baseline levels. The evidence derived from the present investigation suggests that the antioxidant effect of PBPs, together with their reported anti-inflammatory effects to accelerate the wound healing process, is the most reliable cause of their antiulcerogenic activity in this GU model.

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Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima (SM) is a cyanobacterium that has a long history of being used as human food. In recent years, several investigations have shown its beneficial biological effects, among which its antioxidant capacity has been highlighted. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of SM on body weight, glycemia, sexual behavior, sperm quality, testosterone levels, sex organ weights, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in diabetic male rats (a disease characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species). The experiment consisted of six groups of sexually expert adult males (n = 6): (1) control (vehicle); (2) streptozotocin (STZ)-65 mg/kg; (3) SM-400 mg/kg; (4) STZ + SM-100 mg/kg; (5) STZ + SM-200 mg/kg; and (6) STZ + SM-400 mg/kg. Sexual behavior tests were performed during the first 3 h of the dark period under dim red illumination. Our results showed that SM significantly improved sexual behavior and sperm quality vs. diabetic animals. Likewise, while the enzymatic activities of SOD and GPx increased, TBARS lipoperoxidation decreased and testosterone levels increased. In view of the findings, it is suggested that SM may potentially be used as a nutraceutical for the treatment of diabetic male sexual dysfunction due to its antioxidant property.

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BACKGROUND: In order to detect threats to public health and to be well-prepared for endemic and pandemic illness outbreaks, countries usually rely on event-based surveillance (EBS) and indicator-based surveillance systems. Event-based surveillance systems are key components of early warning systems and focus on fast capturing of data to detect threat signals through channels other than traditional surveillance. In this study, we develop Natural Language Processing tools that can be used within EBS systems. In particular, we focus on information extraction techniques that enable digital surveillance to monitor Internet data and social media. RESULTS: We created an annotated Spanish corpus from ProMED-mail health reports regarding disease outbreaks in Latin America. The corpus has been used to train algorithms for two information extraction tasks: named entity recognition and relation extraction. The algorithms, based on deep learning and rules, have been applied to recognize diseases, hosts, and geographical locations where a disease is occurring, among other entities and relations. In addition, an in-depth analysis of micro-average F1 metrics shows the suitability of our approaches for both tasks. CONCLUSIONS: The annotated corpus and algorithms presented could leverage the development of automated tools for extracting information from news and health reports written in Spanish. Moreover, this framework could be useful within EBS systems to support the early detection of Latin American disease outbreaks.

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A 68-year-old female presented with an episode of unilateral orbital compartment syndrome due to periorbital angioedema. The patient made a consultation at the general Emergency Room with sudden left periorbital edema and serious diminished ipsilateral visual acuity, with examination detecting orbital compartment syndrome secondary to a probable allergic angioedema after ingestion of ibuprofen. She received treatment with intravenous and oral corticosteroids, achieving a rapid improvement in the condition and clinical follow-up was carried out, with evaluation of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and computed perimetry. Periorbital angioedema due to ibuprofen can be a cause of orbital compartment syndrome whose diagnosis and treatment must be carried out urgently to prevent permanent visual impairment.

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The use of proteins such as human serum albumin (HSA) to form nanometric systems seems very promising since they are non-toxic, biodegradable and have no antigenic activity. This molecule is ideal to transport insoluble drugs such as melatonin (Mel), which has antiapoptotic and antioxidant properties and appears promising for the treatment of neurodegenerative eye diseases. The objective of this study was to obtain nanoparticulate systems loaded with Mel, improving the conventional desolvation method. Systems were stabilised using two different strategies: one through the use of Eudragit S100 as a cross-linking agent and the other through thermal stabilisation. The systems thus obtained (Np-HSA-Eu-Mel and Np-HSA-Mel, respectively) were characterised and compared in terms of physicochemical and pharmacotechnical parameters. Whitish colloidal dispersions of nanometric size (≈170 nm), spherical shape, and monodisperse population were obtained. Besides, the pH was close to neutrality reaching 20 % drug encapsulation whereas the process performance was higher than 80 %. In FT-IR studies, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the incorporation of the drug in the cavities of the nanoparticles could be evidenced. Regarding the physical stability of nanoparticles, for Np-HSA-Eu-Mel instability was observed at pH > 7. However, Np-HSA-Mel was able to remain stable at different pH levels. Mel release from these systems was consequently affected, where the former released faster than the active compared to the last. On the other hand, it was observed that the drying process (lyophilization in this case) applied to the nanoparticles suspensions does not affect their original properties after redispersion over a three months period. Likewise, the formulation did not produce irritation when administered topically, whereas when administered subconjunctivally, only slight irritation was observed 24 h after administration. According to the result of this study, the Np-HSA-Mel formulation could achieve advantageous properties as a vehicle for the transport of insoluble drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases at the ocular level.

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In Mexico, the use of medicinal plants is the first alternative to treat the diseases of the most economically vulnerable population. Therefore, this review offers a list of Mexican plants (native and introduced) with teratogenic effects and describes their main alterations, teratogenic compounds, and the models and doses used. Our results identified 63 species with teratogenic effects (19 native) and the main alterations that were found in the nervous system and axial skeleton, induced by compounds such as alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Additionally, a group of hallucinogenic plants rich in alkaloids employed by indigenous groups without teratogenic studies were identified. Our conclusion shows that several of the identified species are employed in Mexican traditional medicine and that the teratogenic species most distributed in Mexico are Astragalus mollissimus, Astragalus lentiginosus, and Lupinus formosus. Considering the total number of plants in Mexico (≈29,000 total vascular plants), to date, existing research in the area shows that Mexican plants with teratogenic effects represent ≈0.22% of the total species of these in the country. This indicates a clear need to intensify the evaluation of the teratogenic effect of Mexican plants.

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Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan-pathogen-causing amoebic liver abscess (ALA). After amoeba establishment in the liver, it causes abundant infiltrate of neutrophils. Liver tissue damage by neutrophils results in part from anti-amoebic oxidative intermediates, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), derived from the myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme. Ascorbic acid (ASC) is an antioxidant that acts as a scavenger for ROS and NOS-derived free radicals. No previous information regarding the effect of ASC concerning the participation of MPO in an experimental model of ALA in hamsters has been reported. Thus, the aim of the present work was to analyze the effect of ASC on acute ALA development and to measure the activity and gene expression of the MPO enzyme. Hamsters were treated with ASC (800 mg/kg) and then intrahepatically inoculated with E. histolytica trophozoites. Animals were sacrificed at 3, 6, and 12 h post-inoculation (p.i.), and liver samples were collected. The percentage of lesions, amoeba in situ count, MPO activity, and mpo gene expression were ascertained. Compared to ALA hamsters without ASC treatment as the control group (CT), the ALA group treated with ASC had a significant decrease in liver lesions (all p.i. hours) and viable amoeba count (12 h p.i.) and an increase in MPO activity (12 h p.i.) and mpo gene expression (6 h/12 h p.i.). These data suggest that ASC ameliorated liver damage caused by oxidizing products via modulation of mpo expression and activity.

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BACKGROUND: This research adopted a care protocol from high-income countries in a level II/III hospital in a middle-income country to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with gastroschisis. METHODS: We established a multidisciplinary protocol to treat patients with gastroschisis prospectively from November 2012 to November 2018. This included prenatal diagnosis, presence of a neonatologist and pediatric surgeon at birth, and either performing primary closure on the patients with an Apgar score of 8/9, mild serositis, and no breathing difficulty or placing a preformed silo, when unable to fulfill these criteria, under sedation and analgesia (no intubation) in the operating room or at the patients' bedside. The subsequent management took place in the neonatal intensive care unit. The data were analyzed through the Mann-Whitney and Student's t-distribution for the two independent samples; the categorical variables were analyzed through a chi-square distribution or Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: In total, 55 patients were included in the study: 33 patients (60%) were managed with a preformed silo, whereas 22 patients (40%) underwent primary closure. Prenatal diagnosis (P = 0.02), birth at the main hospital (P = 0.02), and the presence of a pediatric surgeon at birth (P = 0.04) were associated with successful primary closure. The primary closure group had fewer fasting days (P < 0.001) and a shorter neonatal intensive care unit length of stay (P = 0.025). The survival rate was 92.7% (51 patients). CONCLUSION: The treatment model modified to fit the means of our hospital proved successful.

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Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar qué factores favorecen la predicción de recurrencia de cáncer de endometrio en diferentes estadios de la enfermedad. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo efectuado en un grupo de pacientes con cáncer de endometrio atendidas entre el 2017 y 2020 en el Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez de Huelva, España. Variables de análisis: edad, grado de diferenciación tumoral, invasión miometrial, estadio posquirúrgico e infiltración al espacio linfovascular, en todas las pacientes con recidiva. El análisis estadístico se procesó en el programa SPSS v23. Habiéndose realizado un análisis de Kolmogorov- Smirnov y tras haber obtenido un resultado no normal, se utilizó la prueba de χ2 para los datos categóricos paramétricos, e independientemente se aplicó la prueba U de Mann Whitney para los datos no paramétricos. Los valores de p < 0.01 se consideraron estadísticamente significativos. RESULTADOS: Se reunieron 9 pacientes con recidiva tumoral y seguimiento de 5 años luego del diagnóstico primario. Conforme al análisis estadístico no se encontró una relación de dependencia entre las variables recidiva e invasión miometrial (χ2 = 4.780; p = 0.092), recidiva y grado tumoral (χ2 = 7.765; p = 0.051) y recidiva y el estadio posquirúrgico (χ2 = 10.200, p = 0.070). Por el contrario, se observó relación de dependencia entre las variables afectación ganglionar e infiltración al espacio linfovascular positiva (χ2 = 9.954, Cc = 0.235, p < 0.01). En todas las pacientes se evaluó la infiltración al espacio linfovascular. Ésta fue negativa en 141 casos y 4 de estos casos tuvieron recurrencia de la enfermedad. 5 de 9 pacientes con recurrencia de la enfermedad tenían infiltración al espacio linfovascular positiva. CONCLUSIONES: Lo aquí encontrado muestra que más de la mitad de las pacientes con recurrencia de la enfermedad tuvieron infiltración al espacio linfovascular. Cuando ésta fue negativa hubo una reducción del riesgo de 2.8% de padecer una recurrencia.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine which factors favor the prediction of endometrial cancer recurrence at different stages of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study performed in a group of patients with endometrial cancer attended between 2017 and 2020 at the Juan Ramón Jiménez Hospital in Huelva, Spain. Analysis variables: age, degree of tumor differentiation, myometrial invasion, post-surgical stage and infiltration to the lymphovascular space, in all patients with recurrence. The statistical analysis was processed in SPSS v23. Having performed a Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis and having obtained a non-normal result, a 2 test was used for parametric categorical data, and independently the Mann Whitney U test was used for non-parametric data. Values of p < 0.01 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Nine patients with tumor recurrence and 5-year follow-up after primary diagnosis were collected. According to the statistical analysis, no dependency relationship was found between the variables recurrence and myometrial invasion (χ2 = 4.780; p = 0.092), recurrence and tumor grade (χ2 = 7.765; p = 0.051) and recurrence and post-surgical stage (χ2 = 10.200, p = 0.070). In contrast, a dependency relationship was observed between the variables nodal involvement and positive lymphovascular space infiltration (χ2 = 9.954, Cc = 0.235, p < 0.01). The existence of infiltration of the lymphovascular space was evaluated in all patients. This was negative in 141 cases and 4 of these cases had disease recurrence. 5 of 9 patients with disease recurrence had positive lymphovascular space infiltration. CONCLUSIONS: The findings here show that more than half of the patients with disease recurrence have infiltration to the lymphovascular space and, in addition, if the infiltration to the lymphovascular space is negative, there is a 2.8% reduced risk of recurrence.

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Cells have the ability to adapt to stressful environments as a part of their evolution. Physical exercise induces an increase of a demand for energy that must be met by mitochondria as the main (ATP) provider. However, this process leads to the increase of free radicals and the so-called reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are necessary for the maintenance of cell signaling and homeostasis. In addition, mitochondrial biogenesis is influenced by exercise in continuous crosstalk between the mitochondria and the nuclear genome. Excessive workloads may induce severe mitochondrial stress, resulting in oxidative damage. In this regard, the objective of this work was to provide a general overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in mitochondrial adaptation during exercise and to understand if some nutrients such as antioxidants may be implicated in blunt adaptation and/or an impact on the performance of exercise by different means.