RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular diseases are associated with risks factors such as obesity and dyslipaemia, which if present during infancy could continue throughout adult life. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of overweight and study lipid profiles. To relate body mass index (BMI) with the studied parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive and observational study of 1,043 children and adolescents, stratified into three age groups. Taking into account their BMI, they were classified as within normal weight, overweight and obese. Total cholesterol (T-chol), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-chol) and triglycerides (TG) were determined and LDL-chol and non HDL-chol were calculated. RESULTS: BMI: Among the total population, the percentage overweight was 13.9 % and obesity was 5.4 %, with a higher prevalence between 10 and 14 years and also between 5 and 9 years. BMI means were correlated with age in females and males, being higher for females at all ages. Lipid profile (classified according National Cholesterol Education Program): values of cholesterol in potential risk situations were found in 30 % of the population, 16 % for triglycerides, 28 % for LDL-cholesterol and 17 % for non-HDL cholesterol, the risk values being 3 %, 2 %, 4 % and 3 % respectively. Significant differences were observed in lipid values in the total population, overweight and obesity. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of overweight was observed, as well as a correlation between body mass index and dyslipaemia. This emphasises the need for prevention of overweight and dyslipaemias from an early age.
Assuntos
HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Dislipidemias/sangue , Dislipidemias/epidemiologia , Obesidade/sangue , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Triglicerídeos/metabolismoRESUMO
Medidas de biossegurança säo decisivas no controle de infecçäo cruzada, causada pela disseminaçäo de bactérias no consultório odontológico. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a eficácia da desinfecçäo, das barreiras de proteçäo utilizadas em locais críticos e analisar o alcance dos aerossóis, produzidos durante terapia periodontal básica. Dois pacientes foram submetidos à terapia peridontal básica e materais foram coletados nas superfícies críticas analisadas. Com este estudo, foi demonstrado que a utilizaçäo de barreiras e uma descontaminaçäo criteriosa säo suficientes para o controle de infecçäo cruzada
Assuntos
Poluição Ambiental , Controle de Infecções Dentárias/métodos , Consultórios Odontológicos , Infecção Focal Dentária/prevenção & controle , Avaliação de Processos em Cuidados de Saúde , Medidas de SegurançaRESUMO
We have isolated DNA from 14 tissue samples from the internal organs of an Andean human mummy (10th-11th century A.D.) and have checked the persistence of the original human and bacterial templates using the following main approaches: 1) amino acid racemization test; 2) quantification of mitochondrial DNA copy number; 3) survey of bacterial DNA in the different organs; 4) sequence analysis of bacterial amplicons of different lengths. The results demonstrate that both the original human DNA and the DNA of the bacteria of the mummy gut are preserved. In particular, sequence analysis of two (respectively 100 and 196 bp in length) libraries of bacterial 16s ribosomal RNA gene amplicons from the mummy colon shows that while the shortest amplicons give only modest and biased indications about the bacterial taxa, the longer amplicons allow the identification several species of the genus Clostridium which are typical of the human colon. This work represents a first example of a methodological approach which is applicable, in principle, to many other natural and artificial mummies and might open the way to the study of the structure of the human microbial ecosystem from prehistory to present.
Assuntos
Clostridium/genética , Colo/microbiologia , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Múmias , Análise de Sequência de DNA/métodos , Clonagem Molecular , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Humanos , Peru , Reação em Cadeia da PolimeraseRESUMO
Se analisan 91 ninos (de edades comprendidas entre 18 meses y 12 anos), portadores de purpura trombopenico a comienzo agudo. Catorce de ellos (15,38%) evolucionaron a la cronicidad. Fueron controlados por un periodo de tiempo entre 3 y 10 anos. En todos los pacientes cronicos se comprobaron alteraciones de la inmunidad celular y humoral. El 100% fueron esplenectomizados, luego del fracaso de los corticoides e inmunosupresores. La esplenectomia resulto eficaz en 11 de ellos, obteniendose la normalizacion plaquetaria en un tiempo medio de 87 dias. Desde el punto de vista psicologico presentaron: ansiedad frente a la enfermedad, el medico y el hospital.Angustia de tipo depresivo con defensas inadecuadas. Dificultad en el desarrollo psicoxexual, lo que pertubo el aprendizaje, la relacion laboral y de pareja
Assuntos
Púrpura Trombocitopênica , Formação de Anticorpos , Imunidade Celular , EsplenectomiaRESUMO
La experiencia de trabajo de la Seccion Hematologia en lo que concierne a la informacion medica en los pacientes leucemicos, demuestra a traves de diferentes etapas, las ventajas de incluir al nino en esa informacion. Esto disminuye la angustia, promueve una mayor verbalizacion, condicionando un vinculo firme y honesto entre todos y permite una sobrevida psicologicamente mas normal