RESUMO
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most intractable and devastating malignant tumors. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation and histone modification regulate tumor initiation and progression. However, the contribution of histone variants in PDAC is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the histone variant H2A.Z is highly expressed in PDAC cell lines and PDAC patients and that its overexpression correlates with poor prognosis. Moreover, all three H2A.Z isoforms (H2A.Z.1, H2A.Z.2.1, and H2A.Z.2.2) are highly expressed in PDAC cell lines and PDAC patients. Knockdown of these H2A.Z isoforms in PDAC cell lines induces a senescent phenotype, cell cycle arrest in phase G2/M, increased expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN2A/p16, SA-ß-galactosidase activity and interleukin 8 production. Transcriptome analysis of H2A.Z-depleted PDAC cells showed altered gene expression in fatty acid biosynthesis pathways and those that regulate cell cycle and DNA damage repair. Importantly, depletion of H2A.Z isoforms reduces the tumor size in a mouse xenograft model in vivo and sensitizes PDAC cells to gemcitabine. Overexpression of H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2.1 more than H2A.Z.2.2 partially restores the oncogenic phenotype. Therefore, our data suggest that overexpression of H2A.Z isoforms enables cells to overcome the oncoprotective barrier associated with senescence, favoring PDAC tumor grow and chemoresistance. These results make H2A.Z a potential candidate as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PDAC.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/genética , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/genética , beta-Galactosidase/genética , Adenocarcinoma/tratamento farmacológico , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Envelhecimento/genética , Animais , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/patologia , Transformação Celular Neoplásica/genética , Dano ao DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Metilação de DNA/genética , Reparo do DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Desoxicitidina/análogos & derivados , Desoxicitidina/farmacologia , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Epigênese Genética/genética , Xenoenxertos , Histonas/genética , Humanos , Camundongos , GencitabinaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cutaneus squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer. SCC is a malignant neoplasm of the skin characterized by aberrant proliferation of keratinocytes. PRESENTATION CASE: We report multidisciplinary surgical management of a 36-year-old male who presented with a huge cutaneous protruding tumor of the cervicothoracic wall. Clinically, he presented with a growing mass on the anterior cervicothoracic wall 3 years ago. Microscopic examination revealed SCC. He underwent complete excision of the lesion. The patient neglected attending our oncological department for receiving chemotherapy. Today, one year after surgery, he is alive without evidence of disease recurrence. DISCUSSION: SCC treatment depends on location of the lesion, involvement of neighboring structures, functional level of the patient, and the patient's acceptance of the proposed management strategy. CONCLUSION: We conclude that SCC can grow to a huge size if left untreated. Surgery by a multidisciplinary surgical team is the primary mode of treatment, followed by chemotherapy if necessary.
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BACKGROUND: The 2015 International Panel for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders (NMOSD) diagnosis (IPND) criteria was recently proposed. However, because there are no studies evaluating application of the IPND criteria in Latin American populations, we aimed to assess whether these new criteria improve the diagnostic rate and reduce the time taken to make the diagnosis in a cohort of Latin American patients. METHODS: We reviewed medical records and applied both the 2006 and 2015 diagnostic criteria to all patients seen in four centers in Argentina, Brazil and Venezuela. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS, n = 915) or other well-established central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory diseases were excluded. AQP4-ab status was measured using indirect immunofluorescence (23%) and cell-based assay (CBA, 77%). In addition, data on gender, ethnicity, age and symptoms at onset, relapses, neuroimaging and immunosuppressive therapy were collected. RESULTS: A total of 104 patients were classified as presenting NMOSD (2015 IPND). Of these, 64 patients (61.5%) fulfilled the 2006 NMO criteria (32 AQP4-ab positive, 17 AQP4-ab negative and 15 unknown). Thus, 40 new patients (38.5%) were classified as presenting NMOSD using the 2015 IPND criteria (33 AQP4-ab positive, 5 AQP4-ab negative and 2 unknown AQP4-ab status), with a median time taken to fulfill the 2015 NMOSD criteria (n = 104) of 1 month (95% CI: 0.6-1.3) and a median time taken to fulfill the 2006 NMO criteria (n = 64) of 18 months (95% CI: 9-26) (log-rank test: p < 0.0001). Females, with median age of 37 years, white ethnicity and recurrent course, predominated in all samples. Ninety-nine patients (95.1%) had at least 1 of the 3 major core clinical characteristics, of which optic neuritis (56.7%) was the most frequent symptom at disease onset. CONCLUSION: This study showed that there was a 62.5% increase in the rate of diagnosing NMOSD through the 2015 IPND criteria, in comparison with the 2006 NMO criteria, with a shorter median time to diagnosis.
Assuntos
Neuromielite Óptica/diagnóstico , Adulto , Argentina , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Brasil , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Neuromielite Óptica/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , VenezuelaRESUMO
Several studies in multiple sclerosis (MS) suggest a trend of increasing disease frequency in women during the last decades. A direct comparison of gender ratio trends among MS populations from Argentina remains to be carried out. The objective of the study was to compare gender ratio trends, over a 50-year span in MS populations from Argentina. METHODS: multicenter study that included patients from 14 MS Centers of Argentina. Patients with definite MS with birth years ranging from 1940 to 1989 were included. Gender ratios were calculated by five decades based on year of birth and were adjusted for the F/M born-alive ratio derived from the Argentinean national registry of births. The F/M ratios were calculated using a multivariate logistic regression per five decades by the year of birth approach. Analyses were performed using Stata 10.1. RESULTS: 1069 patients were included. Gender ratios showed a significant increase from the first to the last decade in the whole MS sample (from 1.8 to 2.7; p value for trend=0.023). The Gender ratio did not show differences considering MS subtype. CONCLUSION: our study showed a modest increase of the F/M ratio (from 1.8 to 2.7) over time among patients affected by MS in Argentina.
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Esclerose Múltipla/diagnóstico , Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Razão de Masculinidade , Adulto , Argentina/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sistema de Registros , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The present study was carried out to assess if there is an anticipation of age at onset in younger generations of familial multiple sclerosis (FMS) vs. sporadic MS (SMS) in Argentina. METHODS: multicenter study that included patients from 14 MS Centers of Argentina. Patients were considered as FMS if they had in their family at least one relative of first or second degree diagnosed with MS; otherwise, patients were considered to have SMS. We compared the age at onset between familial and sporadic cases as well as the age at onset between relatives from different generations in FMS vs. SMS. RESULTS: 1333 patients were included, 97 of them were FMS (7.3%). A lower age at onset in the younger generations of FMS cases was found compared with older generations of FMS as well as. SMS cases (24.1±3.7 years vs. 30.3±5.7 years, and 32.4±9.4 respectively; p<0.001). No differences were observed between older generations of FMS vs. SMS cases (p=0.12). CONCLUSION: we observed an anticipation of age at onset of MS in younger generations of patients with FMS vs. older generations of FMS and SMS.
Assuntos
Esclerose Múltipla/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idade de Início , Argentina/epidemiologia , Família , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Esclerose Múltipla/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of surgery in liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. METHODS: We conducted a prospective and observational study of patients with colorectal liver metastasis operated on at the San Cecilio University Hospital of Granada from March 2003 until June 2013. The primary variables of the result were survival and morbidity before 30 days of the post-operative period. We also measured preoperative and surgical variables. RESULTS: A total of 147 patients with liver metastasis of colorectal origin underwent surgical removal during the period of study, 38 of whom had repeat surgery. 34 had a second resection, 3 had a third one and one only patient had a fourth one, for a total of 185 registered operations. The global 5-year survival rate was 38 and 17 % after 10 years. There were 115 patients who had neither radiofrequency nor exploratory laparotomy, 38 % of them survived over 60 months. The average disease-free time was 23.6 months ± 47.3, with significant differences observed between types of procedures. Patients that were operated on just once (n = 25) had a five-year actuarial survival rate of 35 %, a morbidity rate of 24 % and a mortality rate of 0.6 % (1 patient only). The average hospital stay was 13.8 days and the disease-free time was 15.8 months. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in our surgical unit in terms of morbidity, mortality and five-year actuarial survival rates are comparable to those of other units at large institutions, which are currently considered the standards of quality.
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Carcinoma/cirurgia , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Hepatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirurgia , Metastasectomia/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma/secundário , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The objective was to evaluate the influence of the timing of hormonal induction, using gonadorelin or common carp pituitary extract (CPE), on the reproductive activity of female Astyanax bimaculatus. Fish (N = 44) were weighed, measured, and acclimatized to experimental conditions with a photoperiod of 12 h:12 h light:dark (L:D) for 10 days. Ovulation was induced with a single dose of CPE (6 mg/kg) or gonadorelin (80 µg/kg), given at 12:00 (halfway through the light phase (LP) or 24:00 (halfway through the dark phase (DP), in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The time of ovulation was calculated in degree hours and daily motor activity was recorded using a photocell. The fish were killed and the liver and gonads were weighed for calculation of gonadosomatic (GSI) and hepatosomatic (HSI) indexes, respectively. Absolute fecundity (AF), absolute fecundity relative to weight (AFRW) and length (AFRL), diameter of oocytes (mM), and percentage of oocytes with the germinal vesicle in a peripheral position (PPGV) were recorded. All females responded (ovulated). The female Astyanax bimaculatus had twilight motor activity rhythm. Females given CPE at 12:00 had a higher (P < 0.05) percentage of oocytes with the germinal vesicle in a peripheral position compared with the group that received gonadorelin in the same period (95 ± 6 vs. 79 ± 21%, mean ± SD). The absolute fecundity relative to weight was higher in groups induced at 12:00, regardless of the hormone used (LP: 805 ± 448 and 700 ± 214, for CPE and gonadorelin, respectively; dark phase: 580 ± 396 and 529 ± 105, P < 0.05). Both times used for hormonal induction with CPE and gonadorelin were suitable for inducing reproduction in lambari, although induction with CPE in LP had the best results.
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Characidae/fisiologia , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/farmacologia , Hormônios Hipofisários/farmacologia , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ritmo Circadiano/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Atividade Motora , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Oócitos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Indução da Ovulação/veterinária , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The objective of this study was to first determine the nutritional state of a sample population of school children, and then analyze the distribution pattern of their subcutaneous fat layer. The sample was composed of 977 school children from the city and province of Granada (Spain). All of the children (524 girls and 452 boys) were 9-17 years of age. To study their nutritional state and the distribution of the subcutaneous fat layer, they were given a complete anthropometric evaluation, which included measuring their weight, height, body mass index, skin folds, and body perimeters. The results obtained showed a 23.01% prevalence of overweight in the female subjects and 20.81% in the male subjects. Furthermore, the female subjects had an obesity prevalence of 12.70% in comparison to the male subjects, whose obesity prevalence was 4.98%. The distribution pattern of subcutaneous fat was found to be mainly located in the central part of body. The high percentage of overweight and obesity along with the development of a central fat distribution pattern (neck, chest, and abdomen) in these school children is clear evidence of potential cardiovascular risk.
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Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Adolescente , Antropometria , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , Dobras Cutâneas , Espanha , Gordura Subcutânea/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In Spain the prevalence of obesity shows a north-south distribution. In the province of Granada its distribution is unknown. OBJECTIVES: (1) To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a sample population of school children and adolescents from different districts in the province of Granada. (2) To verify whether there are significant differences, depending on the district where the students reside. (3) To find a possible correlation between the nutritional state of the students and that of their parents. METHODS: The population sample was composed of 977 school children and adolescents from 9 to 17 years of age, attending 13 public elementary schools and high schools in the city and province of Granada (Spain). In this analytical and multicentric study, the nutritional state of the subjects was evaluated by means of anthropometric measurements. Furthermore, data were collected by means of questionnaire to discover whether the respondents had a family history of overweight or obesity. RESULTS: We found a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among the studied population. In girls, the greater prevalence of both overweight and obesity ranged from 12 to 14 years of age. In boys, there was an increase in the prevalence of overweight at twelve years of age. Regarding obesity, their rates were significantly lower than those described among girls. There were statistically significant differences for weight (F = 4,154; p = 0,003) but not for height (F = 1,928; p =0,105). But for the variable BMI was statistically significant difference (F = 5.037; P < 0.001) between the studied geographical areas. The results showed that the nutritional state of students with a family history of obesity was significantly worse (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION: A high prevalence of obesity was found in the sample, especially among the girls. There exists a geographical distribution pattern, possibly derived from the socioeconomic characteristics of each area in the province. The existence of a family history of obesity is an important factor that can determine whether the child will also become obese in the future.
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Estado Nutricional , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Família , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Prevalência , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Several authors have found correlations between anthropometric parameters and blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects. This paper is an update on the potential of these parameters as a tool for predicting cardiovascular risk. AIMS: to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Second verify the existence of a significant correlation between the main anthropometric indicators and the blood pressure levels. SAMPLE: The population consisted of 977 children and adolescents between 9 and 17 years of age belonging to 13 schools in the province of Granada and city. METHODOLOGY: anthropometric evaluation in which they were assessed six skinfolds, waist circumference, hip and determination of blood pressure in three consecutive occasions. The anthropometric assessment phase began in March 2008 lasted until April 2009. RESULTS: We found that the prevalence of overweight in girls varied between 18.3% and 32.2%. For its part, the prevalence among boys was between 10.9% and 26.1%. Regarding the prevalence of obesity, the girls had similar rates between 4.5% and 15.1%. Among boys the prevalence of obesity was similar, and found rates between 4.7% and 12.6%. Of all the parameters measured, body mass index and waist circumference were the anthropometric indicators that showed a better correlation to blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: BMI and WC are useful anthropometric indicators to predict cardiovascular risk in non adults.
Assuntos
Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Estado Nutricional/fisiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Antropometria , Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Medição de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Dobras Cutâneas , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estudantes , Circunferência da Cintura/fisiologia , Relação Cintura-Quadril/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this research was to study the prevalence of obesity and excess weight in a population of school children and adolescents, and to verify the effectiveness of an educational intervention, as reflected in the variation of their body mass index values. MATERIALS: The population sample was composed of 977 school children and adolescents from 9 to 17 years of age, belonging to 13 public elementary schools and high schools in the city and province of Granada (Spain). METHODOLOGY: This longitudinal cohort study was analytical, muticentric, and observational. It was carried out in three phases. The first phase involved the evaluation of the nutritional state of the sample population by means of anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index, six skin folds and four body perimeters) as well as arterial blood pressure. The second phase entailed an educational intervention focusing on good nutritional habits and physical exercise. The third and final phase evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention. RESULTS: A higher obesity prevalence (15.1%) was found in school girls between 12 and 13. In the case of boys, obesity prevalence was lower up to age 13 though afterwards, it progressively increased (12.6%). The educational intervention produced an important reduction in body mass index values in both sexes though this reduction was more significant in young females. CONCLUSIONS: There is a currently an alarming increase in obesity and overweight prevalence among the population evaluated in this study. The significant reduction in body mass index values resulting from this research confirmed the effectiveness of the educational intervention to reduce excess weight.
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Obesidade/terapia , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Adolescente , Antropometria , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Criança , Estudos de Coortes , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Instituições Acadêmicas , Fatores Sexuais , EspanhaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To establish the validity and internal consistency of the bulimic investigatory test, Edinburgh (BITE) in a non-clinical population of university students in Colombia. METHODS: A validation study with a cross-sectional sampling was designed. Two-hundred and sixty-one students were evaluated independently and blindly with BITE and the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Kuder-Richardson's test, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood values, Cohen kappa, area under the ROC curve for BITE's symptoms scale and Cronbach's alpha for severity scale were computed. RESULTS: The Kuder-Richardson's test was 0.86, two factors were identified which explain the 22.68% and 7.12% of variance. Cronbach's alpha for severity scale was 0.52. Area under ROC curve was 0.9736. The best cutoff point was 11 with sensitivity of 94.59%, specificity of 91.52%, positive predictive value of 64.81%, negative predictive value of 99.03%; with a concordance of 0.7226. CONCLUSIONS: The BITE's symptom scale is useful in identifying clinically binge-eaters in university students.
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Bulimia Nervosa/diagnóstico , Programas de Rastreamento , Inventário de Personalidade/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Bulimia Nervosa/epidemiologia , Bulimia Nervosa/psicologia , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Curva ROC , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudantes/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Criollo cacao (Theobroma cacao ssp. cacao) was cultivated by the Mayas over 1500 years ago. It has been suggested that Criollo cacao originated in Central America and that it evolved independently from the cacao populations in the Amazon basin. Cacao populations from the Amazon basin are included in the second morphogeographic group: Forastero, and assigned to T. cacao ssp. sphaerocarpum. To gain further insight into the origin and genetic basis of Criollo cacao from Central America, RFLP and microsatellite analyses were performed on a sample that avoided mixing pure Criollo individuals with individuals classified as Criollo but which might have been introgressed with Forastero genes. We distinguished these two types of individuals as Ancient and Modern Criollo. In contrast to previous studies, Ancient Criollo individuals formerly classified as 'wild', were found to form a closely related group together with Ancient Criollo individuals from South America. The Ancient Criollo trees were also closer to Colombian-Ecuadorian Forastero individuals than these Colombian-Ecuadorian trees were to other South American Forastero individuals. RFLP and microsatellite analyses revealed a high level of homozygosity and significantly low genetic diversity within the Ancient Criollo group. The results suggest that the Ancient Criollo individuals represent the original Criollo group. The results also implies that this group does not represent a separate subspecies and that it probably originated from a few individuals in South America that may have been spread by man within Central America.
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Agricultura , Cacau/genética , Genes de Plantas , Variação Genética , América Central , DNA de Plantas/análise , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , América do SulRESUMO
UNLABELLED: American trypanosomosis was described in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico in 1936, and is probably endemic in rural areas. However, there is no information regarding chronic disease in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, previous to this report. OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of American trypanosomosis and its consequences, such as the chronic chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) among patients who were evaluated by the cardiology service in two general hospitals in Salina Cruz in the state of Oaxaca which is the main city of the Tehuantepec Region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Consecutive patients referred to the two cardiology services were identified as primary dilated myocardiopathy after a complete clinical and epidemiological history, chest roengentgram, EKG and echocardiogram. Blood was obtained through venipuncture and samples were studied for anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies using validated indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA and Western blot assays. RESULTS: Over a two period in which 540 cardiologic patients were examined, 16 (2.4% cases) of primary dilated cardiomyopathy were diagnosed and 13 (81%) of these were seropositive for anti-T. cruzi and therefore, fulfilled epidemiological and clinical criteria for chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). CONCLUSIONS: American trypanosomosis and CCC were diagnosed in cases of dilated cardiomyopathy within a geographical area where, there is an important distribution of triatomine bugs infected and Trypanosoma cruzi. Infection caused a progressive heart disease in this population exposed to insect vectors due to poor housing and sanitary conditions. The present study points out the need for further epidemiological studies in the Tehuantepec region.
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Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/epidemiologia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PrevalênciaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: American trypanosomiasis (Chagas' disease), an anthropozoonosis fairly common in rural Latin America, has become an urban disease due to continuous migration, intra- and internationally. Blood transfusion, the second important pathway for transmission, increases its impact. Recognition of seropositive subjects among blood donors is now recommended, and clinical and serological screening enforced. Maneuvers to inactivate or remove Trypanosoma cruzi present in collected blood are recommended. METHODS: We surveyed voluntary donors at the National Institute of Cardiology in Mexico City in search of anti-T. cruzi by indirect immunofluorescence, ELISA, and Western blot analysis. Seropositive donors were identified and tested for immunoglobulin. We used types and fractions of donated blood to extract DNA and perform the PCR technique using kinetoplast primers seeking parasite DNA in blood. RESULTS: After 3,300 donors were screened, we identified 10 seropositive subjects (0.3%). These subjects were considered as indeterminate chagasic patients, came mainly from rural areas, and had IgG (100%) and IgA (30%) antibodies against a crude extract as well as a recombinant T. cruzi antigen. Identification of parasite DNA in red cell and platelet fraction was achieved from eight blood units. CONCLUSIONS: The present data provide evidence that blood donors at an urban hospital are seropositive for T. cruzi and at least 50% of donors carry the parasite potentially able to transmit T. cruzi in their cellular blood products. Serological screening should be included in routine blood-making. It is also necessary to adopt measures to inactivate or eliminate organisms in donated blood.
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Bancos de Sangue , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Reação Transfusional , Sequência de Bases , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Doença de Chagas/transmissão , Primers do DNA , México/epidemiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Prevalência , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) is associated with many diseases. By means of epidemiologic, clinical and invasive diagnostic techniques, the etiology of DCM is identified almost in 50% of the cases. Chronic infection with Trypanosoma cruzi is recognized as a cause of DCM in Latin America. A blind study of 40 cases of DCM explores the electrovectorcardiographic data obtained in chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). Twenty one of 40 patients fulfilled epidemiologic and seroimmunologic criteria for CCC, 19 had DCM. There were not differences between these groups in regard to sex or age. Patients suffering DCM had in addition diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension or ischemic heart disease. Those with CCC had not comorbid diseases in 50% of the cases. Arrhythmias and conduction blocks were equally recognized in both groups, as well as ECG evidence of injury or necrosis (p > 0.05). However, ECG signs of subepicardial ischemia were a dominant feature in patients with CCC and normal epicardial coronary arteries (p < 0.05). Probably this finding is due to a small vessels damage, a pathogenic mechanism proposed in CCC.
Assuntos
Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/diagnóstico , Vetorcardiografia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/diagnóstico , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/fisiopatologia , Cardiomiopatia Chagásica/fisiopatologia , Doença Crônica , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
We studied Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class I and Class II genes in seven Mexican Mestizo patients with Takayasu arteritis. Takayasu arteritis is an uncommon condition in Mexican Mestizo, however, previous studies report association of the disease in this population with Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-B39 and HLA-DRB1*1301. The results in the present study show that the haplotypes of the Mexican Mestizo patients with Takayasu arteritis are very heterogeneous, even when the disease is much more rare in Mexico than in Japan. The sequence analysis of HLA-B39 shows that Mexican patients exhibit the HLA-B*39061 and HLA-B*39062 subtypes. These subtypes are more common in Mexico than in Japan, where the predominant subtype is HLA-B*3901. Interestingly, HLA-B*39061 and B-39062 share the 3' end of intron 2 and the 5' end of exon 3 with HLA-B*5101 and B*52012, alleles associated to Takayasu arteritis in Japanese. This fact suggests that Takayasu arteritis patients may share a specific sequence rather than a specific allele, even when the gene involved in the susceptibility to develop Takayasu arteritis may be a neighboring gene located between the genes related at present time with the disease, i.e. a gene located between MHC Class I and Class II regions.
Assuntos
Éxons , Genes MHC da Classe II/genética , Genes MHC Classe I/genética , Íntrons , Arterite de Takayasu/genética , DNA/análise , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Éxons/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Íntrons/genética , Mutação Puntual , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo Genético , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Arterite de Takayasu/imunologiaRESUMO
Crithidia luciliae, a nonpathogenic trypanosomatid, could provide a good alternative source of antigen for serodiagnosis of Chagas' disease. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed 100% sensitivity and 83% specificity when 91 human serum samples from Chagas' disease patients and 127 human serum samples from people suffering from toxoplasmosis (21 samples), leishmaniasis (32 samples), systemic rheumatic diseases (33 samples), and heart diseases (41 samples) were tested simultaneously with Trypanosoma cruzi and C. luciliae crude extracts. By Western blotting, an immunodominant band (30 kDa) was recognized by chagasic sera on the C. luciliae crude extract; specificity reached 97% with respect to this protein band. The carbohydrate moieties were not antigenic.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Protozoários , Doença de Chagas/diagnóstico , Doença de Chagas/imunologia , Crithidia/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Testes Sorológicos/métodos , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Antígenos de Protozoários/isolamento & purificação , Western Blotting , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Humanos , Epitopos Imunodominantes/isolamento & purificação , Parasitologia/métodos , Parasitologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Testes Sorológicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologiaRESUMO
El tratamiento del cáncer del recto por medio de la coagulación electrodiatérmica fue propuesto hace muchos años pero su difusión y aceptación entre los cirujanos comenzó con la publicación de John L.Madden en el año 1967.En esa publicación y en otras realizadas con posterioridad, Madden daba a conocer los buenos resultados obtenidos con este procedimiento,ampliando significativamente sus indicaciones.Los autores detallan la técnica utilizada que es la propuesta por Madden,limitando las indicaciones a las lesiones localizadas en la pared posterior del recto por debajo de los 7,5 cm