RESUMO
A research about arthropode fauna in laying hen excrement was carried out in a poultry house in the State of São Paulo, from January 2001 to December 2002. The objective was to verify the frequency of Diptera and Coleoptera collected by Berlese funil and flutuation methods, and to show correlation between the collect methods and sazonality possible in the currents seasons. A total of 29,499 insects were collected from seventy five collects, being 16,702 Diptera (six families) and 12,797 Coleoptera (four families). Some arthropodes presented direct relation with the collect method, the seasons of the years and the rainfall precipitation, with significant increase in the number of insects collected in certain periods of the year.
Assuntos
Galinhas , Besouros/classificação , Dípteros/classificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Animais , Entomologia/métodos , Insetos Vetores , Estações do AnoRESUMO
Realizou-se um estudo sobre a fauna de artrópodes associados a fezes de aves poedeiras em granja do estado de São Paulo, de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2002. O objetivo foi verificar a freqüência de dípteros e coleópteros coletados por meio do funil de Berlese e pelo método de flutuação, além de correlacionar os métodos de coletas e a possível sazonalidade dos mesmos ao longo das estações. Das setenta e cinco coletas realizadas, capturaram-se 29.499 artrópodes, sendo 16.702 Diptera (seis famílias) e 12.797 Coleoptera (quatro famílias). Algumas espécies de artrópodes apresentaram relação direta entre o método de coleta, as estações do ano e a precipitação pluvial, com aumento significativo do número de insetos coletados em determinadas épocas do ano.
A research about arthropode fauna in laying hen excrement was carried out in a poultry house in the State of São Paulo, from January 2001 to December 2002. The objective was to verify the frequency of Diptera and Coleoptera collected by Berlese funil and flutuation methods, and to show correlation between the collect methods and sazonality possible in the currents seasons. A total of 29,499 insects were collected from seventy five collects, being 16,702 Diptera (six families) and 12,797 Coleoptera (four families). Some arthropodes presented direct relation with the collect method, the seasons of the years and the rainfall precipitation, with significant increase in the number of insects collected in certain periods of the year.
Assuntos
Besouros , Dípteros , Muscidae , Doenças das Aves DomésticasRESUMO
Resistance to antimonials is a major problem when treating visceral leishmaniasis in India and has already been described for New World parasites. Clinical response to meglumine antimoniate in patients infected with parasites of the Viannia sub-genus can be widely variable, suggesting the presence of mechanisms of drug resistance. In this work, we have compared L. major and L. braziliensis mutants selected in different drugs. The cross-resistance profiles of some cell lines resembled those of mutants bearing H locus amplicons. However, amplified episomal molecules were exclusively detected in L. major mutants. The analysis of the L. braziliensis H region revealed a strong conservation of gene synteny. The typical intergenic repeats that are believed to mediate the amplification of the H locus in species of the Leishmania sub-genus are partially conserved in the Viannia species. The conservation of these non-coding elements in equivalent positions in both species is indicative of their relevance within this locus. The absence of amplicons in L. braziliensis suggests that this species may not favour extra-chromosomal gene amplification as a source of phenotypic heterogeneity and fitness maintenance in changing environments.