RESUMO
Abstract Introduction Reactive hyperplastic lesions develop in response to a chronic injury simulating an exuberant tissue repair response. They represent some of the most common oral lesions including inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, oral pyogenic granuloma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell lesions. Objective The incidence of those lesions was investigated in an oral pathology service, and the clinical characteristics, associated etiological factors, concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was determined. Methods A total of 2400 patient records were screened from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features were recorded from biopsy reports and patients' files. Results A total of 534 cases of reactive hyperplastic lesions were retrieved and retrospectively studied, representing 22.25% of all diagnoses. The most frequent lesion was inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (72.09%), followed by oral pyogenic granuloma (11.79%), giant cell fibroma (7.30%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (5.24%), and peripheral giant cell lesions (3.55%). Females were predominantly affected (74.19%), the gingiva and alveolar ridge were the predominant anatomical site (32.89%), and chronic traumatism was presented as the main etiological factor. The age widely ranges from the 1st decade of life to the 7th. Clinically, the reactive hyperplastic lesions consisted of small lesions (0.5-2 cm) and shared a strong likeness in color to the oral mucosa. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was high (82.5%). Conclusion Reactive hyperplastic lesions had a high incidence among oral pathologies. The understanding of their clinical features helps to achieve a clearer clinical and etiological diagnosis, and the knowledge of factors related to their development. This may contribute to adequate treatment and positive prognosis.
Resumo Introdução As lesões hiperplásicas reativas se desenvolvem em resposta a uma lesão crônica que estimula uma resposta acentuada de reparo tecidual. Elas representam uma das lesões orais mais comuns, inclusive hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória, granuloma piogênico oral, fibroma de células gigantes, fibroma periférico ossificante e lesão periférica de células gigantes. Objetivo A incidência dessas lesões foi investigada em um serviço de patologia bucal e as características clínicas, os fatores etiológicos associados e a concordância entre os diagnósticos clínico e histopatológico foram determinados. Método Foram selecionados 2.400 registros de pacientes entre 2006 e 2016. As características clínicas foram registradas a partir de laudos de biópsia e dos prontuários dos pacientes. Resultados Um total de 534 casos de lesões hiperplásicas reativas foram recuperados e retrospectivamente estudados, representando 22,25% de todos os diagnósticos. A lesão mais frequente foi hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (72,09%), seguida por granuloma piogênico oral (11,79%), fibroma de células gigantes, (7,30%), fibroma periférico ossificante (5,24%) e lesão periférica de células gigantes (3,55%). O sexo feminino foi predominante (74,19%), a gengiva e a crista alveolar foram o local anatômico predominante (32,89%) e o traumatismo crônico foi demonstrado como o principal fator etiológico. A idade variou desde a 1ª década de vida até a 7ª. Clinicamente, as LHR consistiram em pequenas lesões (0,5 a 2 cm) que apresentaram uma forte semelhança de cor com a mucosa oral. A concordância entre o diagnóstico clínico e histopatológico foi alta (82,5%). Conclusão As lesões hiperplásicas reativas apresentaram alta incidência entre as patologias bucais. A compreensão das características clínicas ajuda na realização de um diagnóstico clínico e etiológico mais claro, bem como determinar os fatores relacionados ao seu desenvolvimento. Dessa forma contribui para um tratamento adequado e um prognóstico positivo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Hiperplasia/patologia , Boca/patologia , Doenças da Boca/patologia , Células Gigantes/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Granuloma Piogênico/congênito , Granuloma Piogênico/patologia , Fibroma Ossificante/etiologia , Fibroma Ossificante/patologia , Fibroma/etiologia , Fibroma/patologia , Hiperplasia/classificação , Hiperplasia/etiologia , Doenças da Boca/classificação , Doenças da Boca/diagnóstico , Doenças da Boca/etiologia , Mucosa Bucal/patologiaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Reactive hyperplastic lesions develop in response to a chronic injury simulating an exuberant tissue repair response. They represent some of the most common oral lesions including inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, oral pyogenic granuloma, giant cell fibroma, peripheral ossifying fibroma, and peripheral giant cell lesions. OBJECTIVE: The incidence of those lesions was investigated in an oral pathology service, and the clinical characteristics, associated etiological factors, concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was determined. METHODS: A total of 2400 patient records were screened from 2006 to 2016. Clinical features were recorded from biopsy reports and patients' files. RESULTS: A total of 534 cases of reactive hyperplastic lesions were retrieved and retrospectively studied, representing 22.25% of all diagnoses. The most frequent lesion was inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (72.09%), followed by oral pyogenic granuloma (11.79%), giant cell fibroma (7.30%), peripheral ossifying fibroma (5.24%), and peripheral giant cell lesions (3.55%). Females were predominantly affected (74.19%), the gingiva and alveolar ridge were the predominant anatomical site (32.89%), and chronic traumatism was presented as the main etiological factor. The age widely ranges from the 1st decade of life to the 7th. Clinically, the reactive hyperplastic lesions consisted of small lesions (0.5-2cm) and shared a strong likeness in color to the oral mucosa. The concordance between the clinical and histopathological diagnostic was high (82.5%). CONCLUSION: Reactive hyperplastic lesions had a high incidence among oral pathologies. The understanding of their clinical features helps to achieve a clearer clinical and etiological diagnosis, and the knowledge of factors related to their development. This may contribute to adequate treatment and positive prognosis.