RESUMO
The free-ranging population of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago was sero-surveyed for human measles, simian virus 40, B virus (Herpes simiae), rhesus cytomegalovirus, human and simian retroviruses and encephalomyocarditis virus to determine the prevalence of these viruses in the colony. The results of this study indicate that the colony is free of SV40, HTLVIII (HIV-1), STLVIII (SIV) and SRV1; has a low prevalence of measles and EMCV; and high prevalence rates for B virus, CMV and HTLVI.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Macaca mulatta/imunologia , Macaca/imunologia , Doenças dos Macacos/diagnóstico , Viroses/diagnóstico , Academias e Institutos , Fatores Etários , Animais , Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Anticorpos Antideltaretrovirus/análise , Vírus da Encefalomiocardite/imunologia , Vírus do Sarampo/imunologia , Doenças dos Macacos/imunologia , Vigilância da População , Porto Rico , Vírus da Imunodeficiência Símia/imunologia , Viroses/imunologiaRESUMO
Previous studies from this laboratory support the view that increased serum ferritin levels are associated with an increased risk of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). We have tested this hypothesis in a population of Korean patients with chronic liver disease followed for development of PHC. Serum ferritin levels were measured over time in 249 patients with liver diseases (mostly chronic) followed for 2 to 17 years in Seoul, Korea. Most of the patients were chronically infected with hepatitis B virus. During the first 8 months of follow-up, there were no cases of PHC and no deaths. During this same period, no patient had a serum ferritin level initially below 300 ng/ml and rising above 300 ng/ml, but some patients with ferritin levels above 300 ng/ml experienced decreases to below 300 ng/ml. Therefore, patients were grouped by ferritin level during the first 8 months of follow-up into 3 categories according to the above criteria. Multivariate analysis showed that consistently elevated ferritin levels (category 3) were significantly associated with the development of PHC. Men were more likely to have elevated ferritin levels than women and were at higher risk of developing PHC. Men who were chronically infected with HBV and had ferritin levels above 300 ng/ml had a 50% chance of developing PHC during the follow-up period, compared with a 20% risk of PHC for men with lower ferritin levels (categories 1 and 2). This elevated risk of PHC in men with elevated ferritin levels was confined to the first 3 years of follow-up.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etiologia , Ferritinas/sangue , Hepatopatias/sangue , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/sangue , Portador Sadio , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Hepatite B/sangue , Hepatite B/complicações , Humanos , Hepatopatias/complicações , Neoplasias Hepáticas/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Between 1977 and 1980, 1442 pregnant women in Thies, Senegal, were tested for serologic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Of these, 9.8% were HBsAg(+), 59.9% were anti-HBs(+), and 15.6% had anti-HBc alone. Of 116 HBsAg(+) pregnant women, only 19.8% were HBeAg(+), a much lower proportion of infectious carriers than seen in Asian populations. Cord blood from 1353 babies was HBsAg(-), implying that the babies were not infected prior to birth. Four hundred sixty-two babies, including 88 born to HBsAg(+) mothers, were observed for 2 weeks to 38 months after birth. In contrast to observations in Asia, none of the babies became HBsAg(+) before 5 months of age, and only three of the 16 born to HBeAg(+) mothers became HBsAg(+) within the first year of life; all three developed chronic infections (i.e., HBsAg(+) for greater than or equal to 6 months. In the second year of life, six of 34 babies born to HBsAg(+), HBeAg(-)/anti-HBe(-) mothers became infected with HBV, and four of the six developed chronic infections. During the first 3 years of life, infections occurred at a higher rate in infants born to HBsAg(+) (17%) than to HBsAg(-) (4%) women. The latter group of infants included 4.0% of those born to anti-HBs(+) mothers, 4.6% born to anti-HBcAg(+), and 3.2% born to uninfected women. These observations indicate that HBV infections in Senegal usually do not occur perinatally, but do occur at high incidence later in infancy and childhood. Such infections can be prevented by the use of hepatitis B vaccine alone; administration of hepatitis B immune globulin should not be needed.
Assuntos
Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/imunologia , Hepatite B/transmissão , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Sangue Fetal/imunologia , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite B/imunologia , Antígenos E da Hepatite B/imunologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Gravidez , Senegal , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Free-ranging patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) from El Guayacán island, Puerto Rico, were surveyed to establish values for the hemogram, serum biochemicals, calcium, and phosphorus. Results were tabulated for males and nonpregnant/nonlactating, pregnant, and lactating females. A summary of blood values from previous studies on captive patas monkeys was also tabulated for comparison.
Assuntos
Contagem de Células Sanguíneas/veterinária , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Cercopithecidae/sangue , Eletrólitos/sangue , Erythrocebus patas/sangue , Fatores Etários , Animais , Animais Selvagens/sangue , Animais de Zoológico/sangue , Contagem de Eritrócitos/veterinária , Feminino , Hematócrito/veterinária , Contagem de Leucócitos/veterinária , Masculino , Gravidez , Porto Rico , Valores de Referência , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
Rhesus monkey fetuses were inoculated with Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE) vaccine virus by the direct intracerebral route at approximately 100 days gestation to determine possible teratogenicity of the virus. Congenital micrencephaly, hydrocephalus and cataracts were found in all animals and porencephaly in 67 percent of the cases. The virus replicated in the brain and other organs of the fetus. VEE vaccine virus is teratogenic for non-human primates and must be considered a potential teratogen of man.