RESUMO
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a significant problem in the Caribbean, where many individuals have African and Asian forebears. However, reliable prevalence data and specific health care programs for SCD are often missing in this region. Closer collaboration between Caribbean territories initiated in 2006 to set up strategies to promote better equity in the health care system for SCD patients led to the formation of CAREST: the Caribbean Network of Researchers on Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia. We present the effectiveness of collaborations established by CAREST to promote SCD newborn screening programs and early childhood care, to facilitate health worker training and approaches for prevention and treatment of SCD complications, and to carry out inter-Caribbean research studies.
Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme/etnologia , Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Triagem Neonatal , Pesquisa/organização & administração , Talassemia/etnologia , Região do Caribe/epidemiologia , Comportamento Cooperativo , Competência Cultural , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Capacitação em Serviço , Idioma , PrevalênciaRESUMO
This study compared the hemorheological responses of a group of sickle cell trait (SCT) carriers with those of a control (Cont) group in response to 40 min of submaximal exercise (exercise intensity, 55% aerobic peak power) performed in two conditions: one with water offered ad libitum, i.e., the hydration (Hyd) condition, and one without water, i.e., the dehydration (Dehyd) condition. Blood and plasma viscosities, as well as red blood cell rigidity, were determined at rest, at the end of exercise, and at 2 h recovery with a cone plate viscometer at high shear rate and 37 degrees C. The SCT and Cont groups lost 1 +/- 0.7 and 1.6 +/- 0.6 kg of body weight, respectively, in the Dehyd condition, indicating a significant effect of water deprivation compared with the Hyd condition, in which body weight remained unchanged. Plasma viscosity increased with exercise and returned to baseline during recovery independently of the group and condition. As previously demonstrated, resting blood viscosity was greater in the SCT carriers than in the Cont group. Blood viscosity increased by the end of exercise and returned to baseline at 2 h recovery in the Cont group in both conditions. The blood viscosity of SCT carriers did not change in response to exercise in the Dehyd condition and remained elevated at 2 h recovery. This extended hyperviscosity, in association with other biological changes induced by exercise, could be considered as a risk factor for exercise-related events in SCT carriers, similar to vasoocclusive crises, notably during the recovery. In contrast, the Hyd condition normalized the hyperviscosity and red blood cell rigidity of the SCT carriers, with blood viscosity values reaching the same lower values as those found in the Cont group during the recovery. Adequate hydration of SCT carriers should be strongly promoted to reduce the clinical risk associated with potential hyperviscosity complications.