RESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction: A systemic instrument is presented to measure the socioemotional network in relation to the partner and the person's perception of the impact of this intimate network on his or her partner for his or her classification. It is based on the idea that a nurtured social network brings positive benefits to one's nuclear partner. In order to verify this assumption both in research and in clinical practice, it is necessary to construct a complex instrument that allows reaching different dimensions within and outside the couple. Objective: The study seeks the construction and validation of the Multidimensional Couple scale to measure seven dimensions in the couple: emotional, cognitive, physical interest, protection, trust, respect and power, as well as an additional dimension to classify the type of couple. Method: An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (CFA) were carried out to test the psychometric properties and the adequacy to the theoretical model. A total of 1149 people (71.5% women and 28% men) living in Mexico participated. Result: The presence of a scale formed by 7 dimensions in the couple and a second order factor is confirmed, which can be applied both by adjusting the answers to the couple itself and to other people different from the couple. The goodness-of-fit and reliability indices are satisfactory. Conclusion: This scale provides a psychometric instrument that allows the study of the relationship between the couple.
RESUMEN Introducción: Se presenta un instrumento de origen sistémico para medir la red socioemocional en relación con la pareja y la percepción de la persona sobre el impacto de esta red íntima en su pareja para su clasificación. Se parte de la idea de que una red social nutrida aporta beneficios positivos en la propia pareja nuclear. Para la comprobación de este supuesto tanto investigación como en la práctica clínica, se hace necesaria la construcción de un instrumento complejo que permita alcanzar diferentes dimensiones dentro y fuera de la pareja. Objetivo: El estudio busca la construcción y validación de la escala La Pareja Multidimensional para medir siete dimensiones en la pareja: emocional, cognitiva, interés físico, protección confianza, respeto y poder, así como una dimensión adicional que permita clasificar el tipo de pareja. Método: Se ha llevado a cabo un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (EFA) y Análisis Factorial Exploratorio (CFA) para comprobar las propiedades psicométricas y la adecuación al modelo teórico. Participó un total de 1149 personas (71.5% mujeres y 28% hombres) residentes en México. Resultados: Se confirma la presencia de una escala formada por 7 dimensiones en la pareja y un factor de segundo orden, que se puede aplicar tanto adecuando las respuestas a la propia pareja como a otras personas diferentes a esta. Los índices de bondad de ajuste y de fiabilidad son satisfactorios. Conclusión: Con esta escala se aporta un instrumento psicométrico que permite estudiar las diferentes dimensiones de la pareja y cómo estas se alimentan en base al establecimiento de relaciones con personas ajenas a la misma.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Job flexibilisation has increased interest in job insecurity and its consequences. Job insecurity, understood as a fear of losing employment, is linked to a deterioration of mental health, social relations or job satisfaction. Its study has been developed primarily in Europe, in the absence of validated psychometric scales in the Latin American context. To bridge this knowledge gap, the aim of this study is to cross-culturally adapt the Job Insecurity Scale (JIS) in Brazil, and secondly, to establish a cross-national analysis between people employed in Brazil and Spain. METHODS: As criteria for the sample, people with formally established employment in Brazil and Spain were selected. For the scale adaptation process, a sequence of EFA, CFA and validity tests are carried out, as well as a multigroup invariance according to the gender variable. The cross-national comparison compares the effect sizes of affective and cognitive job insecurity on the mental health variable measured with the GHQ-28 scale in both countries. RESULTS: 1165 employed people participate in the study, of whom 573 reside in Brazil and 592 in Spain. The results of the scale adaptation show that the JIS is suitable for use in the Brazilian employment context. The scale offers a factorialisation in two dimensions (affective and cognitive) (CFI = 0.993; TLI = 0.987; RMSEA = 0.04; SRMR = 0.049; GFI = 0.999; NFI = 0.980) with good reliability (ω > 0.84). The cross-national comparison shows that job insecurity has a greater weight in explaining the mental health of the employed population in Brazil than in Spain, which is related to higher indicators of job insecurity in the Brazilian context. CONCLUSIONS: With this validation we now have a validated scale of job insecurity validated for the Brazilian context. The comparison between countries shows the need to establish these analyses, since the behaviour of the phenomenon is different in the contexts studied.