RESUMO

Semiconductor photocatalytic technology is increasingly being utilized in wastewater treatment due to its high efficiency, low energy consumption and environmental friendliness. However, single photocatalysts often exhibit low catalytic performance. In this study, a ZnFe2O4/AgI composite photocatalyst was initially prepared using a high-energy ball-milling method. For the first time, it was applied to the photocatalytic dehydrogenation of diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethylpyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate (1,4-DHP), as well as photocatalytic degradation of harmful substances such as amaranth (AM), methyl orange (MO) and indole present in wastewater. The composite photocatalyst exhibited superior catalytic performance compared to ZnFe2O4 and AgI under visible light irradiation (λ ≥ 400 nm). With optimized composition, the pseudo-first-order rate constants of ZnFe2O4/AgI-50% were approximately 6, 20, 64 and 38 times higher than that of AgI for the photooxidation of 1,4-DHP, AM, MO and indole, respectively. The enhanced catalytic activity of the composite was attributed to the formation of heterojunction between ZnFe2O4 and AgI, which facilitated the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers. Mechanism studies revealed that photogenerated holes (h+) and superoxide radical anions (˙O2 -) played pivotal roles in the photocatalytic reaction process.

RESUMO

Background: Suicide ideation has high prevalence in adolescents, better future time perspective is considered a protective role for anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation. However, the impact of future time perspective on suicide ideation remains unclear, especially when anxiety and depression as mediating roles. Methods: A cross-sectional study of college students was performed in Chongqing, China. There are 851 students enrolled in this study and we distribute questionnaires through the WeChat platform to obtain data in 2023. We conducted Pearson correlation analysis and descriptive statistics. Model 6 in PROCESS 4.0 was used to test the multiple mediating effect. Results: College students who have higher future time perspective are associated with a lower risk of anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation. Future time perspective not only affects suicide ideation directly, but also influence it by means of two mediating pathways: ①depression, the mediation effect is 37.41 %; ②the multiple mediating effects of anxiety and depression with a mediating effect of 29.68 %. Conclusion: Higher future time perspective functions as a protective role in anxiety, depression, and suicide ideation; future time perspective can affect and predict the occurrence of suicide ideation by influencing anxiety and depression in college students. This conclusion will be a novel and insightful part of adolescent mental health research, and provide a new perspective to prevent college students from committing suicide in the future.

RESUMO

An aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based strategy was proposed for fluorescence immunoassays of protein biomarkers using Cu-based metal-organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) to load recombinant targets and enzymes for dual signal amplification. The immunosensing platform was built based on the sequestration and consumption of the substrates of pyrophosphate (PPi) ions by Cu-MOFs and enzymatic catalysis. The negatively charged PPi could trigger the aggregation of positively charged tetraphenylethene (TPE)-substituted pyridinium salt nanoparticles (TPE-Py NPs) by electrostatic interactions, lighting up the fluorescence due to the AIE phenomenon. The consumption of PPi by the captured Cu-MOFs through the Cu2+-PPi chelation interaction and ALP-enzymatic hydrolysis depressed the aggregation of TPE-Py NPs. Capture of the tested targets in samples by the antibodies on the plate surface could prevent the attachment of target/ALP-loaded Cu-MOFs due to the competitive immunoreactions. The "signal-on" competitive immunoassay was applied for the detection of procalcitonin (PCT) as the model analyte with a linear range of 0.01-10 pg/mL and a detection limit down to 8 pg/mL. The conceptual integration of AIE with enzymatic and MOFs-based dual signal amplification endowed fluorescence immunoassays with high sensitivity and selectivity. The surface modification of Cu-MOFs with hexahistine (His6)-tagged recombinant proteins through metal coordination interactions should be evaluable for the design of novel biosensors.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Myopia is a pervasive global public health concern, particularly among the younger population. However, the escalating prevalence of myopia remains uncertain. Hence, our research aims to ascertain the global and regional prevalence of myopia, along with its occurrence within specific demographic groups. METHODS: An exhaustive literature search was performed on several databases covering the period from their inception to 27 June 2023. The global prevalence of myopia was determined by employing pooled estimates with a 95% CI, and further analysis was conducted to assess variations in prevalence estimates across different subgroups. Additionally, a time series model was utilised to forecast and fit accurately the future prevalence of myopia for the next three decades. RESULTS: This study encompasses a comprehensive analysis of 276 studies, involving a total of 5 410 945 participants from 50 countries across all six continents. The findings revealed a gradual increase in pooled prevalence of myopia, ranging from 24.32% (95% CI 15.23% to 33.40%) to 35.81% (95% CI 31.70% to 39.91%), observed from 1990 to 2023, and projections indicate that this prevalence is expected to reach 36.59% in 2040 and 39.80% in 2050. Notably, individuals residing in East Asia (35.22%) or in urban areas (28.55%), female gender (33.57%), adolescents (47.00%), and high school students (45.71%) exhibit a higher proportion of myopia prevalence. CONCLUSION: The global prevalence of childhood myopia is substantial, affecting approximately one-third of children and adolescents, with notable variations in prevalence across different demographic groups. It is anticipated that the global incidence of myopia will exceed 740 million cases by 2050.

RESUMO

Conductive nanofiltration (CNF) membranes hold great promise for removing small organic pollutants from water through enhanced Donnan exclusion and electrocatalytic degradation. However, current CNF membranes face limitations in conductivity, structural stability, and nanochannel control strategies. This work addresses these challenges by introducing aniline-functionalized carbon nanotubes (NH2-CNTs) as an interlayer. NH2-CNTs enhance the dispersibility and adhesion of pristine carbon nanotubes, leading to a more conductive and stable composite nanofiltration membrane. The redesigned NH2-CNTs interlayered conductive nanofiltration (NICNF) membrane exhibits a 10-fold increase in conductivity and a high response degree (80%) with excellent cyclic stability, surpassing existing CNF membranes. The synergistic effects of enhanced Donnan exclusion, voltage switching, and electrocatalysis enable the NICNF membrane to achieve selective recovery of mixed dyes, 98.97% removal of residual wastewater toxicity, and a 5.2-fold increase in permeance compared to the commercial NF270 membrane. This research paves the way for next-generation multifunctional membranes capable of the efficient recovery and degradation of toxic organic pollutants in wastewater.

Assuntos

Filtração , Membranas Artificiais , Nanotubos de Carbono , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Nanotubos de Carbono/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/química , Compostos de Anilina/química , Águas Residuárias/química , Purificação da Água/métodos , Condutividade Elétrica

RESUMO

Various animal toxins pose a significant threat to human safety, necessitating urgent attention to their treatment and research. The clinical potential of programmed cell death (PCD) is widely regarded as a target for envenomation, given its crucial role in regulating physiological and pathophysiological processes. Current research on animal toxins examines their specific components in pathomechanisms and injuries, as well as their clinical applications. This review explores the relationship between various toxins and several types of PCD, such as apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis, to provide a reference for future understanding of the pathophysiology of toxins and the development of their potential clinical value.

Assuntos

Apoptose , Autofagia , Toxinas Biológicas , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Toxinas Biológicas/toxicidade , Necroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Piroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos

RESUMO

The interaction between microbes and drugs encompasses the sourcing of pharmaceutical compounds, microbial drug degradation, the development of drug resistance genes, and the impact of microbial communities on host drug metabolism and immune modulation. These interactions significantly impact drug efficacy and the evolution of drug resistance. In this study, we propose a novel predictive model, termed GCGACNN. We first collected microbe, disease, and drug association data from multiple databases and the relevant literature to construct three association matrices and generate similarity feature matrices using Gaussian similarity functions. These association and similarity feature matrices were then input into a multi-layer Graph Neural Network for feature extraction, followed by a two-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network for feature fusion, ultimately establishing an effective predictive framework. Experimental results demonstrate that GCGACNN outperforms existing methods in predictive performance.

Assuntos

Redes Neurais de Computação , Humanos , Preparações Farmacêuticas/metabolismo , Algoritmos , Algoritmo Florestas Aleatórias

RESUMO

Membranes tailored for selective ion transport represent a promising avenue toward enhancing sustainability across various fields including water treatment, resource recovery, and energy conversion and storage. While nanochannels formed by polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) offer a compelling solution with their uniform and durable nanometer-sized pores, their effectiveness is hindered by limited interactions between ions and nanochannel. Herein, we introduce the randomly twisted V-shaped structure of Tröger's Base unit and quaternary ammonium groups to construct ionized sub-nanochannel with a window size of 5.89-6.54 Å between anion hydration and Stokes diameter, which enhanced the dehydrated monovalent ion transport. Combining the size sieving and electrostatic interaction effects, sub-nanochannel membranes achieved exceptional ion selectivity of 106 for Cl-/CO32- and 82 for Cl-/SO42-, significantly surpassing the state-of-the-art membranes. This work provides an efficient template for creating functionalized sub-nanometer channels in PIM membranes, and paves the way for the development of precise ion separation applications.

RESUMO

Soybeans (Glycine max L.), originating in China, were introduced to South America in the late 19th century after passing through North America. South America is now a major soybean-producing region, accounting for approximately 40% of the global soybean production. Crops like soybeans gradually adapt to the local climate and human-selected conditions, resulting in beneficial variations during cultivation in different regions. Comparing the phenotypic and genetic variations in soybeans across different regions is crucial to determining the variations that may enhance soybean productivity. This study identified seed-related traits and conducted a genetic diversity analysis using 46 breeding soybean varieties from China and Uruguay. Compared to the Chinese soybean germplasm, the Uruguayan equivalent had a lower 100-grain weight, higher oil content, lower protein content, and higher soluble sugar content. Using ZDX1 gene chips, genetic typing was performed on the 46 breeding varieties. Cluster analysis based on SNP sites revealed significant differences in the genetic basis of Sino-Uruguayan soybean germplasm. Selection analysis, including nucleotide polymorphism (π) and fixation indexes (Fst), identified several genomic regions under selection between Sino-Uruguayan soybean germplasm. The selected intervals significantly enriched gene ontology (GO) terms related to protein metabolism. Additionally, differentiation occurred in genes associated with the oil content, seed weight, and cyst nematodes between Sino-Uruguayan soybean germplasm, such as GmbZIP123 and GmSSS1. These findings highlight the differences in seed-related phenotypes between Sino-Uruguay soybean germplasm and provide genomic-level insights into the mechanisms behind phenotypic differences, offering valuable references for understanding soybean evolution and molecular breeding.

RESUMO

Idiopathic orbital inflammation, formerly known as NSOI (nonspecific orbital inflammation), is characterized as a spectrum disorder distinguished by the polymorphic infiltration of lymphoid tissue, presenting a complex and poorly understood etiology. Recent advancements have shed light on the HLF (Human lactoferrin), proposing its critical involvement in the regulation of hematopoiesis and the maintenance of innate mucosal immunity. This revelation has generated significant interest in exploring HLF's utility as a biomarker for NSOI, despite the existing gaps in our understanding of its biosynthetic pathways and operational mechanisms. Intersecting multi-omic datasets-specifically, common differentially expressed genes between GSE58331 and GSE105149 from the Gene Expression Omnibus and immune-related gene compendiums from the ImmPort database-we employed sophisticated analytical methodologies, including Lasso regression and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination, to identify HLF. Gene set enrichment analysis and gene set variation analysis disclosed significant immune pathway enrichment within gene sets linked to HLF. The intricate relationship between HLF expression and immunological processes was further dissected through the utilization of CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms, which assess characteristics of the immune microenvironment, highlighting a noteworthy association between increased HLF expression and enhanced immune cell infiltration. The expression levels of HLF were corroborated using data from the GSE58331 dataset, reinforcing the validity of our findings. Analysis of 218 HLF-related differentially expressed genes revealed statistically significant discrepancies. Fifteen hub genes were distilled using LASSO and SVM-RFE algorithms. Biological functions connected with HLF, such as leukocyte migration, ossification, and the negative regulation of immune processes, were illuminated. Immune cell analysis depicted a positive correlation between HLF and various cells, including resting mast cells, activated NK cells, plasma cells, and CD8 T cells. Conversely, a negative association was observed with gamma delta T cells, naive B cells, M0 and M1 macrophages, and activated mast cells. Diagnostic assessments of HLF in distinguishing NSOI showed promising accuracy. Our investigation delineates HLF as intricately associated with NSOI, casting light on novel biomarkers for diagnosis and progression monitoring of this perplexing condition.

Assuntos

Biologia Computacional , Lactoferrina , Aprendizado de Máquina , Humanos , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Lactoferrina/genética , Lactoferrina/metabolismo , Biomarcadores , Inflamação/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Bases de Dados Genéticas

RESUMO

Broadening the charging and discharging voltage window of high nickel cathode material NCM811 is the most expected method to improve the high specific energy density of batteries currently, yet the cathode-electrolyte interface (CEI) formed by the oxidized and decomposed products of carbonate-based electrolyte under high voltage are always so unsatisfied. Therefore, a voltage-stabilizer, TPFPB (Tris(pentafluoro)phenylborane), added into baseline electrolyte (1 M LiPF6 in EC:EMC:DMC=1:1:1 vol%) to promote the electrochemical performance of the battery at 4.5 V. The results interpret that the TPFPB-contained NCM811-Li half-cells exhibit high specific capacity (167.10 mAh/g), excellent capacity retention rate (CRR) (75.37 %), and high rate performance (173.3 mAh/g at 5C) during 4.5 V. Meanwhile, through the analysis of the physical characterization techniques. the B- and F-rich interfacial layer, named as CEI film, existing at the interface between the cathode and the electrolyte, produced under 4.5 V, is superior, resulting in impeding the structural collapse of the cathode material and the continued dissolution of transition metal ions (TMn+) from the cathode material, as well as, ameliorate the electrochemical polarization of the battery, ultimately, it can stabilize the electrochemical performance of the battery under high voltage. Therein, the present work elucidate a new and substantial approach to enhance the high-voltage performances of rich-Ni cathode materials.

RESUMO

As the fields of photonics and information technology develop, a lot of novel applications based on VO2 material, such as optoelectronic computing and information encryption, have been developed. While the performance of these devices was not only closely associated with the VO2 phase transition properties but also depended on their dimensional characteristics. In the current study, we conducted the dimension-controlled vanadium dioxide (VO2) film growth, resulting in the epitaxial 2-dimensional (2D) VO2 film and well-distributed 3-dimensional (3D) VO2 crystal film deposition, respectively. It was revealed that, unlike the 2D film, the pronounced localized surface plasmon resonance dominated the near-infrared spectrum across the phase transition for the 3D VO2 film due to the naturally formed meta-surface structure, which showed a transmittance valley in the infrared spectrum after metallization. Based on this distinct infrared spectrum feature in the 3D VO2 film, we proposed an optoelectronic logic gate controlled by the input voltage and the probing Vis/IR light. By detecting the transmittance states of the probing light with different wavelengths, we achieved multistate encoding functions and demonstrated the information encryption application. This new conception device also showed great potential for some other applications such as optoelectronic coupled computing, information encryption, and optical near-field sensing computing.

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Autologous fat transplantation is limited by the uncertainty of graft retention, impeding its application. Among the current strategies for processing lipoaspirates, high-density fat (HDF) is recommended owing to the enrichment of stem cells and washing before cotton concentration for simplicity of operation. Poloxamer 188 (P188) washing has been shown to repair the membranes of damaged cells. This study aimed to investigate the effect of P188-washing on fat graft survival and identify the best technique for processing lipoaspirates. METHODS: Lipoaspirates were prepared using centrifugation to obtain HDF, which was then washed with saline or P188 followed by cotton concentration. Tissue integrity, adipocytic activity, and viability of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in the samples from the 3 groups were assessed. Samples were sequenced in vitro using high-throughput RNA-seq, and differentially expressed genes were validated using qPCR and western blotting (WB). After transplantation under the dorsum of nude mice for 8 weeks, the grafts were extracted and examined for residual volume, histologic characteristics, and vascularization. RESULTS: The HDF and P188 groups showed a higher survival rate of SVF, more Ki67-positive cells, intact tissue structure, and lesser fibrosis than the saline group. There were no significant differences in the density of SVF and residual volume of grafts. HDF showed significantly improved vascularization during 8 weeks. Through RNA-seq and bioinformatic analysis, notable changes in several related genes after transplantation were observed. CONCLUSIONS: P188 treatment can prevent cells from apoptosis and preserve tissue viability, thereby improving graft quality. HDF contains large amounts of SVF and can be regarded as an excellent grafting material.

Assuntos

Tecido Adiposo , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Lipectomia , Camundongos Nus , Poloxâmero , Animais , Poloxâmero/farmacologia , Camundongos , Tecido Adiposo/transplante , Lipectomia/métodos , Humanos , Feminino , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Transplante Autólogo

RESUMO

BACKGROUND General paresis of the insane (GPI) is characterized by cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and brain structural abnormalities, mimicking many neuropsychiatric diseases. Olfactory dysfunction has been linked to cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms in numerous neuropsychiatric diseases. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether patients with GPI experience olfactory dysfunction and whether olfactory dysfunction is associated with their clinical manifestations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty patients with GPI and 37 healthy controls (HCs) underwent the "Sniffin Sticks" test battery, Mini-Mental State Examination, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory to measure olfactory function, cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric symptoms, respectively. Brain structural abnormalities were evaluated using visual assessment scales including the medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) visual rating scale and Fazekas scale. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with GPI exhibited significant olfactory dysfunction, as indicated by deficits in the odor threshold (OT) (P=0.001), odor discrimination (OD) (P<0.001), and odor identification (OI) (P<0.001). In patients with GPI, the OI was positively correlated with cognitive function (r=0.57, P<0.001), but no significant correlation was found between olfactory function and neuropsychiatric symptoms, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers (rapid plasma reagin circle card test and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test), or brain structural abnormalities (MTA and Fazekas scale scores). Mediation analysis indicated that the impaired OI in patients with GPI was mediated by cognitive impairment and impaired OT respectively. CONCLUSIONS Patients with GPI exhibited overall olfactory dysfunction. OI is correlated with cognitive function and the impaired OI is mediated by cognitive impairment in patients with GPI. Thus, OI may serve as a marker for reflecting cognitive function in patients with GPI.

Assuntos

Disfunção Cognitiva , Transtornos do Olfato , Humanos , Masculino , Disfunção Cognitiva/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos do Olfato/fisiopatologia , Transtornos do Olfato/diagnóstico , Idoso , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Adulto , Biomarcadores , Cognição/fisiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Olfato/fisiologia , Paresia/fisiopatologia

RESUMO

Cisplatin (DDP) is a prevalent chemotherapeutic agent used in tumor therapy, yet DDP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) severely limits its clinical application. Antioxidants as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers can circumvent this adverse effect while leading to the decrease of efficacy to tumor. Herein, we report ultrasmall ruthenium nanoparticles (URNPs) as switchable ROS scavengers/generators to alleviate DDP-induced AKI and improve its therapeutic efficacy. In the physiological environment of the kidney, URNPs mimic multi-enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, effectively protecting the renal cell and tissue by down-regulating the increased ROS level caused by DDP and alleviating AKI. Specifically, URNPs are oxidized by high levels of H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in the generation of oxygen vacancies and Ru3+/Ru4+ ions. This unique structure transformation endows URNPs to generate singlet oxygen (1O2) under laser irradiation and hydroxyl radicals (∙OH) through a Fenton-like reaction in tumor cell and tissue. The simultaneous generation of multifarious ROS effectively improves the efficacy of DDP in vitro and in vivo. This TME-responsive ROS scavenger/generator acts as an adjuvant therapeutic agent to minimize side effects and improve the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs, providing a new avenue to chemotherapy and facilitating clinical tumor therapy.

Assuntos

Injúria Renal Aguda , Antineoplásicos , Cisplatino , Rim , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Rutênio , Cisplatino/farmacologia , Animais , Injúria Renal Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Injúria Renal Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Camundongos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Rim/efeitos dos fármacos , Rim/metabolismo , Humanos , Rutênio/química , Rutênio/farmacologia , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/uso terapêutico , Microambiente Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química

RESUMO

Unlike megabats, which rely on well-developed vision, microbats use ultrasonic echolocation to navigate and locate prey. To study ultrasound perception, here we compared the auditory cortices of microbats and megabats by constructing reference genomes and single-nucleus atlases for four species. We found that parvalbumin (PV)+ neurons exhibited evident cross-species differences and could respond to ultrasound signals, whereas their silencing severely affected ultrasound perception in the mouse auditory cortex. Moreover, megabat PV+ neurons expressed low levels of complexins (CPLX1-CPLX4), which can facilitate neurotransmitter release, while microbat PV+ neurons highly expressed CPLX1, which improves neurotransmission efficiency. Further perturbation of Cplx1 in PV+ neurons impaired ultrasound perception in the mouse auditory cortex. In addition, CPLX1 functioned in other parts of the auditory pathway in microbats but not megabats and exhibited convergent evolution between echolocating microbats and whales. Altogether, we conclude that CPLX1 expression throughout the entire auditory pathway can enhance mammalian ultrasound neurotransmission.

Assuntos

Córtex Auditivo , Vias Auditivas , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso , Transmissão Sináptica , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Córtex Auditivo/metabolismo , Vias Auditivas/metabolismo , Ecolocação , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Parvalbuminas/metabolismo , Parvalbuminas/genética

RESUMO

Background Pathologic lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is associated with poor outcome in endometrial cancer. Its relationship with tumor stiffness, which can be measured with use of MR elastography, has not been extensively explored. Purpose To assess whether MR elastography-based mechanical characteristics can aid in the noninvasive prediction of LVSI in patients with endometrial cancer. Materials and Methods This prospective study included consecutive adult patients with a suspected uterine tumor who underwent MRI and MR elastography between October 2022 and July 2023. A region of interest delineated on T2-weighted magnitude images was duplicated on MR elastography images and used to calculate c (stiffness in meters per second) and φ (viscosity in radians) values. Pathologic assessment of hysterectomy specimens for LVSI served as the reference standard. Data were compared between LVSI-positive and -negative groups with use of the Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine variables associated with LVSI positivity and develop diagnostic models for predicting LVSI. Model performance was assessed with use of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and compared using the DeLong test. Results A total of 101 participants were included, 72 who were LVSI-negative (median age, 53 years [IQR, 48-62 years]) and 29 who were LVSI-positive (median age, 54 years [IQR, 49-60 years]). The tumor stiffness in the LVSI-positive group was higher than in the LVSI-negative group (median, 4.1 m/sec [IQR, 3.2-4.6 m/sec] vs 2.2 m/sec [IQR, 2.0-2.8 m/sec]; P < .001). Tumor volume, cancer antigen 125 level, and tumor stiffness were associated with LVSI positivity (adjusted odds ratio range, 1.01-9.06; P range, <.001-.04). The combined model (AUC, 0.93) showed better performance for predicting LVSI compared with clinical-radiologic model (AUC, 0.77; P = .003) and similar performance to the MR elastography-based model (AUC, 0.89; P = .06). Conclusion The addition of tumor stiffness as measured at MR elastography into a clinical-radiologic model improved prediction of LVSI in patients with endometrial cancer. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Ehman in this issue.

Assuntos

Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade , Neoplasias do Endométrio , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Invasividade Neoplásica , Humanos , Feminino , Técnicas de Imagem por Elasticidade/métodos , Neoplasias do Endométrio/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Endométrio/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Metástase Linfática/diagnóstico por imagem , Valor Preditivo dos Testes

RESUMO

Objective: Varicella, a highly contagious viral disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), affects millions globally, with a higher prevalence among children. After the initial infection, VZV lies dormant in sensory ganglia and has the potential to reactivate much later, causing herpes zoster (HZ). Vaccination is one of the most effective methods to prevent varicella, and the two-dose varicella vaccine (VarV) regimen is widely used around the world. In China, the VarV has been included in the national immunization programme with a recommended single-dose regimen. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the two-dose vs. one-dose VarV regimen in children in Shanghai, China. Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in Shanghai, China, from September 2018 to December 2022. The study enrolled children aged 3-18 years who had received either the one-dose, two-dose, or 0-dose VarV regimen. Vaccination history, varicella infection status, and relevant variables, including demographic information (name, date of birth and sex) and medical history (clinical features of varicella and illness duration) were collected through medical record review and parental interviews. Results: A total of 3,838 children were included in the study, with 407 in the 0-dose regimen group, 2,107 in the one-dose regimen group and 1,324 in the two-dose regimen group. The corresponding incidence density in these groups was 0.13, 0.05 and 0.03 cases per 1,000 person-days, respectively. The adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was 81.7% (95%CI: 59.3-91.8%) for the two-dose regimen and 60.3% (95%CI: 29.3-77.7%) for the one-dose regimen, compared to the 0-dose regimen. The two-dose VarV regimen showed a protective effectiveness of 47.6% (95%CI: 2.5-71.9%) compared to the one-dose VarV regimen. Conclusion: This study provides evidence supporting the greater effectiveness of the two-dose VarV regimen in preventing varicella infection compared to the one-dose regimen.

Assuntos

Vacina contra Varicela , Varicela , Humanos , Vacina contra Varicela/administração & dosagem , China/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Criança , Varicela/prevenção & controle , Varicela/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Esquemas de Imunização , Herpes Zoster/prevenção & controle , Herpes Zoster/epidemiologia

RESUMO

Chromium (Cr) exposure is associated with various respiratory system diseases, but there are limited studies investigating its impact on lung function in young adults. The Cr exposure-related metabolomic changes are not well elucidated. This study recruited 608 students from a university in Shandong Province, China in 2019. We used cohort design fitted with linear mixed-effects models to assess the association between blood Cr concentration and lung function. In addition, we performed metabolomic and lipidomic analyses of baseline serum samples (N = 582) using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Two-step statistical analysis (analysis of variance and mixed-linear effect model) was used to evaluate the effect of blood Cr exposure on metabolites. We found that blood Cr was associated with decreased lung function in young adults. Each 2-fold increase in blood Cr concentrations was significantly associated with decreased FEV1 and FVC by 35.26 mL (95 % CI: -60.75, -9.78) and 38.56 mL (95 % CI: -66.60, -10.51), respectively. In the metabolomics analysis, blood Cr exposure was significantly associated with 14 key metabolites. The changed metabolites were mainly enriched in six pathways including lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and cofactor vitamin metabolism. Blood Cr may affect lung function through oxidative stress and inflammation related pathways.

Assuntos

Cromo , Pulmão , Metabolômica , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , China , Cromo/sangue , Estudos de Coortes , População do Leste Asiático , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Função Respiratória

RESUMO

The selective separation of small molecules at the sub-nanometer scale has broad application prospects in the field, such as energy, catalysis, and separation. Conventional polymeric membrane materials (e.g., nanofiltration membranes) for sub-nanometer scale separations face challenges, such as inhomogeneous channel sizes and unstable pore structures. Combining polymers with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which possess uniform and intrinsic pore structures, may overcome this limitation. This combination has resulted in three distinct types of membranes: MOF polycrystalline membranes, mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs), and thin-film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes. However, their effectiveness is hindered by the limited regulation of the surface properties and growth of MOFs and their poor interfacial compatibility. The main issues in preparing MOF polycrystalline membranes are the uncontrollable growth of MOFs and the poor adhesion between MOFs and the substrate. Here, polymers could serve as a simple and precise tool for regulating the growth and surface functionalities of MOFs while enhancing their adhesion to the substrate. For MOF mixed-matrix membranes, the primary challenge is the poor interfacial compatibility between polymers and MOFs. Strategies for the mutual modification of MOFs and polymers to enhance their interfacial compatibility are introduced. For TFN membranes, the challenges include the difficulty in controlling the growth of the polymer selective layer and the performance limitations caused by the "trade-off" effect. MOFs can modulate the formation process of the polymer selective layer and establish transport channels within the polymer matrix to overcome the "trade-off" effect limitations. This review focuses on the mechanisms of synergistic construction of polymer-MOF membranes and their structure-nanofiltration performance relationships, which have not been sufficiently addressed in the past.