RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Children requiring gastrostomy tubes (GT) have high resource utilization. In addition, wide variation exists in the decision to perform concurrent fundoplication, which can increase the morbidity of enteral access surgery. We implemented a hospital-wide standardized pathway for GT placement. METHODS: The standardized pathway included mandatory preoperative nasogastric feeding tube (FT) trial, identification of FT medical home, and standardized postoperative order set, including feeding regimen and parent education. An algorithm to determine whether concurrent fundoplication was indicated was also created. We identified children referred for GT placement from 2015 to 2018 and compared concurrent fundoplication rates and outcomes pre- and postimplementation. RESULTS: We identified 332 patients who were referred for GT. Of these, 15 avoided placement. Concurrent fundoplication decreased postpathway (48% vs 22%, pâ¯<â¯0.0001). After adjusting for reflux and cardiac disease, prepathway patients were 3.5 times more likely to undergo concurrent fundoplication. ED visits (46% vs 27%, pâ¯=â¯0.001) and postoperative LOS (median (IQR) 10â¯days (5-36) to 5.5â¯days (1-19), pâ¯=â¯0.0002) decreased. CONCLUSIONS: A standardized pathway for GT placement prevented unnecessary GT placement and fundoplication with reduction in postoperative LOS and ED visits. This approach can significantly reduce resource utilization while improving outcomes. TYPE OF STUDY: Prognosis study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II.
Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde/normas , Intubação Gastrointestinal/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Desnecessários/estatística & dados numéricos , Criança , Procedimentos Clínicos/normas , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Fundoplicatura/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Surgery has been neglected in low- and middle-income countries for decades. It is vital that the Post-2015 Development Agenda reflect that surgery is an important part of a comprehensive global health care delivery model. We compare the operative capacities of multiple low- and middle-income countries and identify critical gaps in surgical infrastructure. METHODS: The Harvard Humanitarian Initiative survey tool was used to assess the operative capacities of 78 government district hospitals in Bangladesh (n = 7), Bolivia (n = 11), Ethiopia (n = 6), Liberia (n = 11), Nicaragua (n = 10), Rwanda (n = 21), and Uganda (n = 12) from 2011 to 2012. Key outcome measures included infrastructure, equipment availability, physician and nonphysician surgical providers, operative volume, and pharmaceutical capacity. RESULTS: Seventy of 78 district hospitals performed operations. There was fewer than one surgeon or anesthesiologist per 100,000 catchment population in all countries except Bolivia. There were no physician anesthesiologists in any surveyed hospitals in Rwanda, Liberia, Uganda, or in the majority of hospitals in Ethiopia. Mean annual operations per hospital ranged from 374 in Nicaragua to 3,215 in Bangladesh. Emergency operations and obstetric operations constituted 57.5% and 40% of all operations performed, respectively. Availability of pulse oximetry, essential medicines, and key infrastructure (water, electricity, oxygen) varied widely between and within countries. CONCLUSION: The need for operative procedures is not being met by the limited operative capacity in numerous low- and middle-income countries. It is of paramount importance that this gap be addressed by prioritizing essential surgery and safe anesthesia in the Post-2015 Development Agenda.
Assuntos
Anestesia/estatística & dados numéricos , Países em Desenvolvimento , Recursos em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais de Distrito/organização & administração , Área Carente de Assistência Médica , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios/estatística & dados numéricos , Anestesiologia , Bangladesh , Bolívia , Emergências , Etiópia , Cirurgia Geral , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde , Recursos em Saúde/organização & administração , Hospitais de Distrito/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Libéria , Nicarágua , Segurança do Paciente , Médicos/provisão & distribuição , Ruanda , Uganda , Recursos HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: An inverse relationship between healthcare utilization and distance to care has been previously described. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this effect related to emergency and essential surgical care in central Haiti. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of operative logbooks from the Clinique Bon Sauveur in Cange, Haiti, from 2008 to 2010. We used Geographic Information Systems to map the home locations of all patients. Spearman's correlation was used to determine the relationship between surgical utilization and distance, and a multivariate linear regression model identified characteristics associated with differences in distances traveled to care. RESULTS: The highest annual surgical utilization rate was 184 operations/100,000 inhabitants. We found a significant inverse correlation between surgical utilization rate and distance from residence to hospital (rs = -0.68, p = 0.02). The median distance from residence to hospital was 55.9 km. Pediatric patients lived 10.1% closer to the hospital than adults (p < 0.01), and distance from residence to hospital was not significantly different between men and women (p = 0.25). Patients who received obstetric or gynecologic surgery originated 7.8% closer to the hospital than patients seeking other operations (p < 0.01), and patients who received emergent surgical care originated 24.8% closer to the hospital than patients who received elective surgery (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Utilization of surgical services was low and inversely related to distance from residence to hospital in rural areas of central Haiti. Children and patients receiving obstetric, gynecologic or emergent surgery lived significantly closer to the hospital, and these groups may need special attention to ensure adequate access to surgical care.