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Olanzapine (OLZ) is an antipsychotic medication used to treat postpartum psychiatric symptoms. It aimed to evaluate the effects of administering OLZ to lactating rats on testicular parameters of adult Wistar rats. Mothers received 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg until weaning. Adult male rats showed decrease in body weight, weight of testes, epididymis, prostate, seminal gland and gonadosomatic index when higher doses of OLZ were administered. Testicular volumetric parameters, as well as the length of seminiferous tubules, were also reduced in animals treated with the highest doses of OLZ. The diameter of the seminiferous tubules and the height of the seminiferous epithelium were reduced. There was also a relevant decrease in the population of Sertoli cells and a relevant reduction in the volume of individual Leydig cells. Histopathological analysis of the testes showed lesions compatible with testicular degeneration in rats treated with the highest dose of OLZ. There was a significant reduction in plasma testosterone levels in all treatments. It is noted, therefore, that the adverse impact on the testes of the highest doses of the drug during the neonatal period persisted into adulthood, with the dose of 2.5 mg/kg of OLZ proving to be safer than the others.

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OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the vascularization pattern of uterine myoma (UM) by ultrasonography using Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) and tissue stiffness elastography. METHOD: A prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out between March 2020 and December 2022 among women with clinical and ultrasound diagnosis of UM who would subsequently undergo radiofrequency ablation. Ultrasound examination was performed using both transvaginal and transabdominal routes. UM vascularization pattern was assessed by power Doppler (PD) and SMI, while elastographic pattern was assessed by shear wave (SWE) and strain (STE). FIGO classification, location, and measurement of the largest UM were also described. RESULTS: A total of 21 women diagnosed with UM were evaluated. There was a predominance of nulliparous women and 20 women (95.2%) reported desire for pregnancy. Of the 18 women with abnormal uterine bleeding, 15 (83.3%) had abdominal cramping. As far as previous treatment, 7 (33.3%) had undergone myomectomy for other UM. The mean uterine and UM volumes were 341.9 cm3 (90-730) and 126.52 cm3 (6.0-430), respectively. There was a predominance of hypoechogenic lesions (90.5%). There was also preponderance of UM in the FIGO 2-5 classification (n = 9; 42.9%). Vascularization patter was mostly moderate (score 2) in 9 cases (42.9%). The majority of UM were considered to have intermediate stiffness (n = 10; 47.6%). CONCLUSION: The majority of UM showed vascularization and moderate stiffness. A relationship was observed between the stiffness of the UM assessed by elastography and its FIGO classification.

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High solar radiation, combined with high temperature, causes losses in plant production. The application of foliar protector in plants is associated with improvements in photosynthesis, reduction in leaf temperature and, consequently, improved productivity. Two experiments were conducted. The first aimed to assess the efficacy of foliar protector versus artificial shading in mitigating the negative impacts of excessive radiation and temperature on the physiology, growth, and yield of common bean plants. The second experiment focused on comparing the timing in cycle plants (phenological phases) of foliar protector application in two different bean cultivars (BRS Fc 104 and BRS MG Realce) under field conditions. Artificial shading provided better results for photosynthesis, transpiration, growth and production compared to the application of foliar protector. In the field conditions experiment, the application timing of the foliar protector at different phenological phases did not increase productivity in the cultivars. The application of foliar protector under the conditions studied was not effective in mitigating the negative impacts of high solar radiation and temperature on common bean cultivation. However, it is opportune to evaluate the application of foliar protector in bean plants grown under conditions with water deficit, high solar radiation and high temperature.

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PURPOSE: To investigate the discordance in sarcoma diagnoses between nonspecialized institutions following revision by dedicated sarcoma pathologists at a reference center in Brazil and the relevance of molecular pathology in this context. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of sarcoma samples initially analyzed at outside laboratories and subsequently reviewed by two specialized pathologists between January 2014 and December 2020. After obtaining demographic and tumor characteristics, pathology results were matched and classified as complete discordance (CD; benign v malignant, sarcoma v other malignancies), partial concordance (similar diagnosis of connective tumor, but different grade/histological subtype/differentiation), and complete concordance (CC). The concordance for histology or grade, and the role of molecular assessments supporting the diagnosis were also independently determined. Statistical analyses were conducted through the kappa coefficient of agreement and adherence by χ2 test, χ2 test by Person, and Fisher exact test. RESULTS: In total, 197 cases were included, with samples obtained predominately from male patients (57.9%) and localized/primary tumors (86.8%). Following revision, the most frequent final diagnoses were undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (17.8%), well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma (8.6%), and leiomyosarcoma (7.6%). CD was found in 13.2%, partial discordance in 45.2%, and CC in 41.6% of reviews (P < .001). We found a concordance for histology or grade of 53.5% (P < .001) and 51.8% (P < .001), respectively. Molecular assessments, comprising next-generation sequencing panels (79.5%) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (20.5%), were performed in 44 (22.3%) cases, with findings classified as of diagnostic relevance in 31.8%. CONCLUSION: In nearly 60% of the cases, the initial sarcoma diagnosis was modified when revised by a reference center and dedicated pathologists, assisted by molecular pathology techniques. These results justify the assembly of referral networks in countries with limited health care resources.

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Epidural anesthesia in dogs is a locoregional anesthesia technique used in veterinary medicine, becoming an important integrated application in the anesthetic protocol to provide safer and more effective analgesia to patients. For this, professionals must adhere to rigorous guidelines and possess technical skills. In this context, in veterinary education, the development of practical clinical skills represents a crucial aspect in the training of these professionals. However, traditional teaching methods have proven insufficient to ensure a consistent level of competence among recent graduates. The introduction of non-animal alternatives for educational purposes has contributed to the development of simulation-based teaching, an innovative and accessible field capable of enhancing pre-clinical proficiency in students and reducing the use of live animals and cadavers. Despite its application in various areas of veterinary education, there are no conclusive results regarding the development of accessible simulators capable of effectively enhancing training in epidural anesthesia in dogs. Therefore, this article represents a pioneering study aimed at sharing a method for creating SimuVet, a realistic simulator for training epidural anesthesia in dogs. The simulator was fully developed by veterinary researchers with limited experience in 3D printing and, after preliminary analysis, demonstrated excellent performance and ultrasonographic anatomy. Future work will focus on the formal validation of this simulator with the aim of improving the teaching and learning process for students and experts in performing epidural anesthesia in companion animals.

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Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) represents a group of cardiovascular risk factors. This article aims to evaluate the accuracy of the tools of MetS diagnosis in Nursing professionals from Primary Health Care (PHC) in Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional study with a random sample selected according to essential health information for the diagnostic of MetS. For MetS diagnostic, we used EGIR, NCEP-ATPIII, AACE, IDF, Barbosa et al. (2006), and IDF/AHA/NHLBI (defined as gold standard) definition. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and likelihood ratio were estimated for each diagnostic tool and compared with the gold standard. Kappa statistic was used to determine the agreement between the diagnostic methods. One thousand one hundred and eleven nursing professionals were included in this study. Sensitivity varied from 15% to 95.1%, and specificity varied between 99.5% and 100%. IDF and Barbosa et al. (2006) definitions were more sensitive (95.1% and 92.8%, respectively), and EGIR, NCEP, ATP III, and IDF showed 100% specificity. IDF and Barbosa et al. (2006) use suitable metabolic syndrome identification and confirmation criteria. The highest agreement was found in the definition of the IDF, Barbosa et al. (2006) and the NCEP ATP III. Defining metabolic syndrome with a higher diagnostic accuracy could contribute to the screening and the early identification of nursing professionals with cardiovascular disease risk factors, which provide opportunities for appropriate prevention and treatment.

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X-ray fluorescence is a fast, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method for elemental analyses. Portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (pXRF) have proven instrumental in detecting metals across diverse matrices, including plants. However, sample preparation and measurement procedures need to be standardized for each instrument. This study examined sample preparation methods and predictive capabilities for nickel (Ni) concentrations in various plants using pXRF, employing empirical calibration based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) Ni data. The evaluation involved 300 plant samples of 14 species with variable of Ni accumulation. Various dwell times (30, 60, 90, 120, 300 s) and sample masses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 g) were tested. Calibration models were developed through empirical and correction factor approaches. The results showed that the use of 1.0 g of sample (0.14 g cm-2) and a dwell time of 60 s for the study conditions were appropriate for detection by pXRF. Ni concentrations determined by ICP-OES were highly correlated (R2 = 0.94) with those measured by the pXRF instrument. Therefore, pXRF can provide reliable detection of Ni in plant samples, avoiding the digestion of samples and reducing the decision-making time in environmental management.

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Citrus canker disease, caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, poses a significant threat to global citrus production. The control of the disease in the field relies mainly on the use of conventional tools such as copper compounds, which are harmful to the environment and could lead to bacterial resistance. This scenario stresses the need for new and sustainable technologies to control phytopathogens, representing a key challenge in developing studies that translate basic into applied knowledge. During infection, X. citri subsp. citri secretes a transcriptional activator-like effector that enters the nucleus of plant cells, activating the expression of the canker susceptibility gene LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES 1 (LOB1). In this study, we explored the use of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) with phosphorothioate modifications to transiently inhibit the gene expression of CsLOB1 in Citrus sinensis. We designed and validated three potential ASO sequences, which led to a significant reduction in disease symptoms compared with the control. The selected ASO3-CsLOB1 significantly decreased the expression level of CsLOB1 when delivered through two distinct delivery methods, and the reduction of the symptoms ranged from approximately 15 to 83%. Notably, plants treated with ASO3 did not exhibit an increase in symptom development over the evaluation period. This study highlights the efficacy of ASO technology, based on short oligonucleotide chemically modified sequences, as a promising tool for controlling phytopathogens without the need for genetic transformation or plant regeneration. Our results demonstrate the potential of ASOs as a biotechnological tool for the management of citrus canker disease.

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The continuous expansion of the global vehicle fleet poses a growing threat to environmental quality through heavy metal contamination. In this scenario, monitoring to safeguard public health in urban areas is necessary. Our study involved the collection of 36 street dust and 29 moss samples from roads of a Brazilian metropolis (Recife) with varying traffic intensities as follows: natural reserve (0 vehicles per day), low (< 15,000 vehicles per day), medium (15,000-30,000 vehicles per day), and high (> 30,000 vehicles per day). ICP-AES analysis was performed to determine the concentrations of nine potentially toxic metals (Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) to assess the influence of vehicular flow on urban contamination. In the street dust samples, the mean metal concentrations (mg kg-1) exhibited the following order: Ba (503.7) > Mn (303.0) > Zn (144.4) > Cu (95.3) > Cr (56.1) > Pb (34.2) > V (28.7) > Ni (11.3) > Cd (1.5). Conversely, in the moss samples, the metal concentration order was as follows (mg kg-1): Mn (63.8) > Zn (62.5) > Ba (61.0) > Cu (17.7) > Cr (8.0) > V (7.3) > Pb (7.0) > Ni (2.9) > Cd (0.3). Roads with higher traffic volumes exhibited the highest metal enrichments in moss samples for all metals and in dust samples for Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni, and V. However, dust from low-flow roads had higher enrichments for Ba, Cu, and Zn, indicating the influential role of other traffic-related factors in metal deposition. Our findings highlight traffic flow as the predominant source of pollution in urban centers, with both street dust and moss serving as sensitive indicators of metal input attributable to vehicular traffic. These indicators offer valuable insights for urban quality monitoring and pollution control efforts.

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Tumor-induced osteomalacia is caused by excessive fibroblast growth factor 23 production mainly from phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors. Surgical excision or tumor ablation are the preferred treatment. Information on bone microarchitecture parameters assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography is limited. We report a woman with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia with generalized pain, weakness and recurrent fractures, and a large thoracic vertebral mass extending to the posterior mediastinum. Detailed radiologic and histopathologic evaluation revealed a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor. Two surgeries were necessary for complete removal of the mass. Clinical symptoms improved after attaining normophosphatemia. Four-year post-surgical HR-pQCT parameters, compared to baseline, showed in the left distal radius, stable trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density although below reference range. There was stability of trabecular number and thickness. Both stiffness and failure load decreased. A shift in cortical parameters was noted in year 2. In the left distal tibia, trabecular volumetric bone mineral density decreased whereas cortical volumetric bone mineral density markedly increased, as did cortical area. There was stability in the trabecular number and thickness. Both stiffness and failure load improved. Findings from HR-pQCT measurements in this patient disclosed that the healing of osteomalacia is not similar across the peripheral skeletal sites in the first years following tumor removal. Results contrasted low but stable volumetric bone mineral density in the distal radius with increase in the distal tibia at the expense of cortical bone. Our report helps further delineate the pattern of bone healing after treatment of this rare bone disorder.

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Dental traumas in sports are common and have physical, social, psychological, and economic impacts. The aim of this study was to determine, through a systematic review, the prevalence of dental trauma in contact and non-contact sports. This review was submitted to PROSPERO (CRD42023421206). Included studies addressed the prevalence of dental trauma in young athletes and adults above 18 years, excluding reviews, editorials, symposiums, or those evaluating athletes under 18 years. A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, LIVIVO, SPORTDiscus, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source (via EBSCO), and Lilacs and BBO, as well as gray literature. Bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data were synthesized considering study characteristics, population, sport, and outcomes. R Statistics software was used for all meta-analyses. A total of 1707 articles were identified. After applying eligibility criteria, eight were selected. Three studies, not previously observed, were later added after reading four systematic reviews on a similar topic. Fourteen contact sports and five non-contact sports were analyzed. The prevalence of dental trauma was 11.38% in contact sports and 5.24% in non-contact sports. Regardless of the type of sport, athletes face risks of dental trauma, with contact sports showing higher prevalence. The use of mouthguards is essential across all contact and non-contact sports as a preventive measure.

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Objective: Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries in athletes and is often associated with damage to anterolateral structures. This combination of injuries presents itself clinically as a high-grade pivot shift test. The hypothesis of this study is that patients with ACL deficiency and high-grade pivot shift test should have an increased internal knee rotation. Methods: Twenty-two patients were tested. After effective spinal anesthesia, two tests were performed with the patient in supine position. First, the bilateral pivot shift test was performed manually, and its grade was recorded. Then, with the knee flexed to 90 degrees, the examiner drew the projection of the foot in a neutral position and in maximum internal rotation, and the angle of internal rotation was measured from the axes built between the central point of the heel and the hallux. Results: In the ACL-deficient knee, it was observed that there is a statistically significant average internal rotation (IR) delta of 10.5 degrees between the groups when not adjusted for age, and 10.6 degrees when adjusted for age. Conclusions: Knees with ACL deficiency and with pivot shift test grade I do not show increased internal rotation in relation to knees with intact ACL. Knees with ACL deficiency and with pivot shift test grades II and III show increased internal rotation in comparison to healthy knees.

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Malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT) is a rare neoplasm, consisting of carcinomatous (epithelial) and sarcomatous (mesenchymal) components that most commonly arise in the endometrium and more infrequently in the ovaries, fallopian tube, cervix, and vagina. Primary peritoneal carcinosarcoma (PPCS) is an extremely rare extragenital presentation of MMMT. Although the occurrence of breast cancer and epithelial ovarian carcinoma in association with BRCA pathogenic variants is firmly established, the etiologic role of these genes in the development of other tumor types is less well known. Here, we present a rare case of PPCS in a 42-year-old Brazilian woman with a BRCA2 pathogenic variant, c.2808_2811del (NM_000059.3). The patient developed metastatic breast cancer at the age of 37 and underwent a risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy 2 years later. She was then diagnosed with PPCS 3 years after the risk-reducing surgery. She underwent treatment with surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy but passed away almost 5 years after the second primary tumor diagnosis. To our knowledge, this is the first case of peritoneal carcinosarcoma described in a BRCA2 pathogenic variant carrier, and its report leads to a better understanding of the disease's molecular features and possible therapeutic approaches.

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PURPOSE: To describe the association of serous maculopathy with absence of retinal pigment epithelium (SMARPE) and large drusen in patients with non-neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: A retrospective study of ophthalmic examination and multimodal imaging data of individuals with SMARPE and large drusen observed over a period of 12-month was accomplished. SMARPE was defined as subretinal accumulation of fluid within the macular area due to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) aperture. Large drusen were identified by the presence of sub-RPE deposits using multimodal imaging analysis (color fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography). RESULTS: Twelve eyes of 7 white patients with a mean age of 77 years were observed to have SMARPE associated with large drusen. The median visual acuity was 20/100. Bilateral SMARPE lesions were observed in 71% of study patients. All SMARPE lesions were hypoautofluorescent, located in the subretinal space between the RPE and the ellipsoid zone, and presented as complete or incomplete RPE apertures associated with subretinal fluid. The SMARPE in this study had coincident multimodal imaging features as the SMARPE described in other reports in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral SMARPE can occur in association with typical AMD large drusen. Anomalisms resulting in drusen biogenesis or mechanisms that act alongside to these may be related to SMARPE development.

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PURPOSE: To investigate the validity of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess the moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) level of children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and propose cut-points, with accelerometer measures as the reference method. METHOD: Children and adolescents, aged 8-14 years (mean age = 12.21 y, SD = 2.09), diagnosed with HIV by vertical transmission, participated in the study. MVPA was investigated through the PAQ-C and triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X+). Receiver operating characteristic curve and sensitivity and specificity values were used to identify a cut-point for PAQ-C to distinguish participants meeting MVPA guidelines. RESULTS: Fifty-six children and adolescents participated in the study. Among those, 16 met MVPA guidelines. The PAQ-C score was significantly related to accelerometry-derived MVPA (ρ = .506, P < .001). The PAQ-C score cut-point of 2.151 (sensitivity = 0.625, specificity = 0.875) was able to discriminate between those who met MVPA guidelines and those that did not (area under the curve = 0.751, 95% confidence interval, 0.616-0.886). CONCLUSION: The PAQ-C was useful to investigate MVPA among children and adolescents diagnosed with HIV and to identify those who meet MVPA guidelines.

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Abstract Objective: Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injuries in athletes and is often associated with damage to anterolateral structures. This combination of injuries presents itself clinically as a high-grade pivot shift test. The hypothesis of this study is that patients with ACL deficiency and high-grade pivot shift test should have an increased internal knee rotation. Methods: Twenty-two patients were tested. After effective spinal anesthesia, two tests were performed with the patient in supine position. First, the bilateral pivot shift test was performed manually, and its grade was recorded. Then, with the knee flexed to 90 degrees, the examiner drew the projection of the foot in a neutral position and in maximum internal rotation, and the angle of internal rotation was measured from the axes built between the central point of the heel and the hallux. Results: In the ACL-deficient knee, it was observed that there is a statistically significant average internal rotation (IR) delta of 10.5 degrees between the groups when not adjusted for age, and 10.6 degrees when adjusted for age. Conclusions: Knees with ACL deficiency and with pivot shift test grade I do not show increased internal rotation in relation to knees with intact ACL. Knees with ACL deficiency and with pivot shift test grades II and III show increased internal rotation in comparison to healthy knees.

Resumo Objetivo: A ruptura do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é uma das lesões mais comuns em atletas e está frequentemente associada a danos nas estruturas anterolaterais. Esta combinação de lesões apresenta-se clinicamente como um teste de pivot shift de alto grau. A hipótese deste estudo é que pacientes com deficiência de LCA e teste de pivot shift de alto grau tenham aumento da rotação interna (RI) do joelho. Métodos: Vinte e dois pacientes foram testados. Após raquianestesia efetiva, foram realizados dois testes com o paciente em posição supina. Primeiro, o teste de pivot shift bilateral foi realizado manualmente e seu grau foi registrado. Em seguida, com o joelho flexionado a 90 graus, o examinador traçou a projeção do pé em posição neutra e em RI máxima e mediu o ângulo de RI a partir dos eixos construídos entre o ponto central do calcanhar e o hálux. Resultados: Joelhos com deficiência de LCA apresentam delta da RI média estatisticamente significativo de 10,5 graus entre os grupos sem ajuste de idade e de 10,6 graus com ajuste de idade. Conclusões: Joelhos com deficiência do LCA e teste de pivot shift de grau I não apresentam aumento da RI em relação aos joelhos com LCA íntegro. Joelhos com deficiência do LCA e teste de pivot shift de graus II e III apresentam RI em comparação aos joelhos saudáveis.

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Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a atividade física (AF) e comportamento sedentário (CS) com o risco cardiovascular (RCV) em adolescentes. Metodologia: Pesquisa quantitativa, observacional, transversal. Foram convidados adolescentes de 10 a 17 anos de idade, participantes dos Projetos "Esporte sem Fronteiras" e "Academia & Futebol". Para avaliar a AF e o CS utilizou-se o Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children e questões da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, respectivamente. O RCV foi definido por variáveis pragmáticas e não-invasivas, como gordura corporal, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, consumo máximo de oxigênio. Resultados: O escore da AF foi inversamente associada ao VO2máx. inverso para o sexo masculino e feminino (respectivamente, r = -0,47; p = 0,0001 e r = -0,41; p = 0,0223) e ao RCV agrupado para o sexo masculino (r = -0,38; p = 0,0026) nas análises brutas, com ajuste pela AF, idade e tempo sentado, a correlação entre AF e VO2máx. inverso manteve-se para o sexo masculino e feminino (respectivamente, r = -0,43; p= 0,0005 e r = -0,37; p = 0,0477) e com RCV agrupado apenas para o sexo masculino (r = -0,36 p = 0,0055). Encontrou-se associação positiva entre o tempo sentado e o VO2máx. inverso no sexo masculino (r = 0,31; p = 0,0136). Conclusão: Esses achados podem contribuir para proposição de intervenções/ações de políticas públicas focadas no aumento da AF e diminuição do tempo em CS, considerando-se potencial contribuição para a saúde cardiovascular em adolescentes.

Objective: To analyze the association between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with cardiovascular risk (CVR) in adolescents. Methodology: Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study. Adolescents aged between 10 and 17 years were invited to take part in the "Sport without Borders" and "Academy & Football" projects. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children and questions from the National School Health Survey were used to assess PA and SB, respectively. CVR was defined by pragmatic and non-invasive variables such as body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, maximum oxygen consumption. Results: PA score was inversely associated VO2máx. inverse for males and females (respectively, r = -0.47; p = 0.0001 and r = -0.41; p = 0.0223) and with grouped CVR for males (r = -0.38; p = 0.0026) in the crude analyses, with adjustment for PA, age and sitting time, the correlation between PA and VO2máx. inverse was maintained for males and females (respectively, r = -0.43; p= 0.0005 and r = -0.37; p = 0.0477) and with CRV grouped only for males (r = -0.36 p = 0.0055). A positive association was found between sitting time and VO2máx. Inverse in males (r = 0.31; p = 0.0136). Conclusion: These findings may contribute to proposing public policy interventions/actions focused on increasing PA and decreasing sitting time, considering the potential contribution to cardiovascular health in adolescents.

Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre la actividad física (AF) y el comportamiento sedentario (SB) con el riesgo cardiovascular (RCV) en adolescentes. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, transversal invitados adolescentes de entre 10 y 17 años a participar en los proyectos "Deporte sin fronteras" y "Academia y fútbol". Usamos el Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children y preguntas de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar para evaluar la AF y la SB, respectivamente. La RCV se definió mediante variables pragmáticas y no invasivas como la grasa corporal, la presión arterial y el consumo máximo de oxígeno. Resultados: La puntuación de AF se asoció inversamente con el VO2máx. inverso para varones y mujeres (respectivamente, r = -0,47; p = 0,0001 y r = -0,41; p = 0,0223) y con el RCV agrupado para varones (r = -0,38; p = 0,0026) en los análisis crudos, con ajuste por AF, edad y tiempo sentado, la correlación entre AF y VO2máx. inverso se mantuvo para varones y mujeres (respectivamente, r = -0,43; p= 0,0005 y r = -0,37; p = 0,0477) y con CRV agrupado sólo para varones (r = -0,36 p = 0,0055). Se encontró una asociación positiva entre el tiempo sentado y el VO2máx. inverso en los varones (r = 0,31; p = 0,0136). Conclusión: Estos resultados pueden contribuir a proponer intervenciones/acciones de política pública centradas en el aumento de la AF y la disminución del tiempo sentado, teniendo en cuenta la posible contribución a la salud cardiovascular en los adolescentes.

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Abstract Background Firefighters are regularly exposed to stress and have a high incidence of cardiovascular events. Investigating cardiovascular and autonomic reactivity to acute mental stress (AMS) and its association with adiposity may contribute to explaining the increased cardiovascular risk in these professionals. Objectives To evaluate cardiovascular and autonomic reactivity to AMS in firefighters while considering adiposity parameters. Methods This study recorded the blood pressure and heart rate (HR) of twenty-five firefighters (38±8 years) at rest, while performing the Stroop color-word test to induce AMS, and recovery. Cardiac autonomic modulation (HR variability), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS — sequential method), and adiposity (electrical bioimpedance) were assessed. One-way or two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc test and multiple linear regression were performed. The significance level was P<0.05. Results The AMS increased mean arterial pressure (MAP — Δ16±13 mmHg) and HR (Δ14±7 bpm) ( P <0.05). These responses were associated with parasympathetic modulation withdrawal (RMSSD: baseline: 29.8±18 vs. AMS: 21.5±14 ms; High-frequency: baseline: 5.2±1.4 vs. AMS: 4.5±1.3 Ln ms 2 ; P <0.05) and decreased in the Up gain of the baroreflex (baseline: 8.9±5.1 vs. AMS: 6.3±3.0 mmHg/ms; P <0.05). Groups divided by HR reactivity peak showed parasympathetic modulation withdrawal only in firefighters with lower adiposity (RMSSD: baseline: 27.8±17.6 vs. AMS: 14.4±9.2 ms; High-Frequency: baseline: 5.3±1.2 vs. AMS: 3.8±1.4 Ln ms 2 ; P <0.05). Fat percentage (β = -0.499), BRS (β = 0.486), and sympathetic/parasympathetic balance (β = -0.351) were predictors of HR reactivity ( P <0.05). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that HR reactivity to AMS modulated by cardiac vagal withdrawal seems to be influenced by body composition in this group of firefighters.

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ABSTRACT To report a unique case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) in a patient with positive serology for Bartonella, presenting with ocular signs and symptoms not attributable to other diseases. A 27-year-old woman presented with decreased visual acuity in both eyes. Multimodal fundus image analysis was performed. A color fundus photograph of both eyes revealed peripapillary and macular yellow-white placoid lesions. The fundus autofluorescence of both eyes demonstrated hypo- and hyperautofluorescence of the macular lesions. Fluorescein angiography showed early-stage hypofluorescence and late staining of placoid lesions in both eyes. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of both eyes revealed irregular elevations in the retinal pigment epithelium with the disruption of the ellipsoid zone on the topography of macular lesions. At 3 months after the treatment initiation for Bartonella infection, the placoid lesions became atrophic and hyperpigmented, and SD-OCT revealed loss of both the outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium on the topography of macular lesions in both eyes.

RESUMO Caso de epiteliopatia pigmentada placoide multifocal posterior aguda presumida em paciente com sorologia positiva para Bartonella. Paciente feminina de 27 anos apresentou diminuição da acuidade visual em ambos os olhos. Análise multimodal de imagem foi realizada. A retinografia mostrou revelou lesões placoides amarelo-esbranquiçadas nas áreas peripapilar e macular de ambos os olhos. A autofluorescência demonstrou hipo e hiperautofluorescência em ambos os olhos, na mesma topografia das lesões detectadas na retinografia. A angiofluoresceínografia mostrou hipofluorescência na fase inicial do exame e hiperfluorescência tardia das lesões placoides em ambos os olhos. A tomografia de coerência óptica de domínio espectral de ambos os olhos revelou elevações irregulares do epitélio pigmentado da retina com descontinuação da zona elipsoide na área macular. Três meses após o início do tratamento para infecção por Bartonella, as lesões placoides tornaram-se atróficas e hiperpigmentadas, e a tomografia de coerência óptica revelou perda das camadas externas da retina e do epitélio pigmentado da retina na topografia das lesões maculares em ambos os olhos.