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Background: Mammary tumors are the most common neoplasms in female dogs. Surgical removal of the mammary glandchain is considered the standard treatment and is usually performed along with ovariohysterectomy (OH) to suppressovarian hormonal influence. Mastectomies cause moderate to severe pain and require preferential multimodal analgesicprotocols. The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and the recovery times on femaledogs undergoing mastectomies and OH between those treated with epidural levobupivacaine alone and those treated withassociated doses of tramadol and anesthetized with propofol.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen female dogs were pretreated with acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg), using propofol(4 mg/kg) for induction and anesthesia maintenance. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6) treatedwith epidural anesthesia with levobupivacaine alone at 1.5 mg/kg (GL) or associated with tramadol at doses of 2 mg/kg(GLT2) or 4 mg/kg (GLT4). After anesthesia, the mean propofol infusion rate for each group were calculed. During thepostoperative period, the degree of analgesia according to the University of Melbourne Pain Scale for 6 hours were determined, considering seven time points for evaluation (M30, M60, M90, M120, M180, M240, and M360). Supplementalanalgesia with morphine (0.5 mg/kg) to those dogs with scores ≥13 were provided. During the recovery period, the timeintervals between the end of anesthesia, and the following events: extubation (EX), the first head movement (MC), and theestablishment of sternal (PE) and quadrupedal (PQ) positions were measured. Data were subjected to the Friedman testfor analysis of non-parametric variables within the same group and to the Mann–Whitney test for independent variables,comparing the mean scores between groups (statistical significance was set at P < 0.05). In the GL group, a higher meanpropofol infusion rate than in either the ...(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Background: Mammary tumors are the most common neoplasms in female dogs. Surgical removal of the mammary glandchain is considered the standard treatment and is usually performed along with ovariohysterectomy (OH) to suppressovarian hormonal influence. Mastectomies cause moderate to severe pain and require preferential multimodal analgesicprotocols. The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and the recovery times on femaledogs undergoing mastectomies and OH between those treated with epidural levobupivacaine alone and those treated withassociated doses of tramadol and anesthetized with propofol.Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen female dogs were pretreated with acepromazine (0.03 mg/kg), using propofol(4 mg/kg) for induction and anesthesia maintenance. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups (n = 6) treatedwith epidural anesthesia with levobupivacaine alone at 1.5 mg/kg (GL) or associated with tramadol at doses of 2 mg/kg(GLT2) or 4 mg/kg (GLT4). After anesthesia, the mean propofol infusion rate for each group were calculed. During thepostoperative period, the degree of analgesia according to the University of Melbourne Pain Scale for 6 hours were determined, considering seven time points for evaluation (M30, M60, M90, M120, M180, M240, and M360). Supplementalanalgesia with morphine (0.5 mg/kg) to those dogs with scores ≥13 were provided. During the recovery period, the timeintervals between the end of anesthesia, and the following events: extubation (EX), the first head movement (MC), and theestablishment of sternal (PE) and quadrupedal (PQ) positions were measured. Data were subjected to the Friedman testfor analysis of non-parametric variables within the same group and to the Mann–Whitney test for independent variables,comparing the mean scores between groups (statistical significance was set at P < 0.05). In the GL group, a higher meanpropofol infusion rate than in either the ...

Assuntos

RESUMO

Descreve-se aqui um caso de linfoma multicêntrico de células T em um canino da raça Chow-Chow, emseus aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos. O animal apresentava como queixa principal anorexia,vômitose fraqueza nos membros posteriores.Ao exame físico constatou-se apatia, hipertermia, emaciação, dor a palpaçãoabdominal e, posteriormente, intensa dispnéia. Os exames radiográficos e ultrassonográficos revelaramefusão pleural, linfadenopatia, hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia. Após o óbito, o exame macroscópicomostrou linfonodos torácicos, baço e fígado aumentados de volume, nodulações pulmonar e pancreática,marcada efusão pleural e espessamento da porção distal do esôfago com formações nodulares cavitárias. Aanálise histopatológica dos linfonodos, pâncreas e esôfago revelou intensa e difusa infiltração de linfócitosintensamente pleomórficos com células pequenas e grandes clivadas e diversos focos infiltrativos em fígado,rim, pulmão, baço e sistema nervoso central. A análise imunoistoquímica demonstrou imunoreatividadepara CD3 e negatividade para CD79 a e CD18. De acordo com os achados morfológicos, foi estabelecidoo diagnóstico de linfoma multicêntrico de células T do tipo pleomórfico misto.(AU)

We describe here a case of multicentric T-cell lymphoma in a dog breed Chow-Chow, in its clinical andpathological findings. The animal presented as the main complaint anorexia, vomiting and weakness in thehind quarters. The physical examination has shown apathy, hyperthermia, emaciation, pain on abdominalpalpation and, later, severe dyspnea. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed pleural effusion, lymphadenopathy,hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. After dead, gross examination showed thoracic lymphnodes, spleen and live renlarged, pancreas and lung nodules, pleural effusion and marked thickening ofthe distal esophagus with cavitary nodules. The histopathological analysis of lymph nodes, pancreas and esophagus showed intense and diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes with highly pleomorphic small and largecleaved cells and various infiltrative foci in liver, kidney, lung, spleen and central nervous system. Immunohistochemicalanalysis showed immunoreactivity for CD3 and negative for CD79a CD18. According tothe morphological findings, it was diagnosed as multicentric lymphoma T- cell typepleomorphic mixed.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Descreve-se aqui um caso de linfoma multicêntrico de células T em um canino da raça Chow-Chow, emseus aspectos clínicos e anatomopatológicos. O animal apresentava como queixa principal anorexia,vômitose fraqueza nos membros posteriores.Ao exame físico constatou-se apatia, hipertermia, emaciação, dor a palpaçãoabdominal e, posteriormente, intensa dispnéia. Os exames radiográficos e ultrassonográficos revelaramefusão pleural, linfadenopatia, hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia. Após o óbito, o exame macroscópicomostrou linfonodos torácicos, baço e fígado aumentados de volume, nodulações pulmonar e pancreática,marcada efusão pleural e espessamento da porção distal do esôfago com formações nodulares cavitárias. Aanálise histopatológica dos linfonodos, pâncreas e esôfago revelou intensa e difusa infiltração de linfócitosintensamente pleomórficos com células pequenas e grandes clivadas e diversos focos infiltrativos em fígado,rim, pulmão, baço e sistema nervoso central. A análise imunoistoquímica demonstrou imunoreatividadepara CD3 e negatividade para CD79 a e CD18. De acordo com os achados morfológicos, foi estabelecidoo diagnóstico de linfoma multicêntrico de células T do tipo pleomórfico misto.

We describe here a case of multicentric T-cell lymphoma in a dog breed Chow-Chow, in its clinical andpathological findings. The animal presented as the main complaint anorexia, vomiting and weakness in thehind quarters. The physical examination has shown apathy, hyperthermia, emaciation, pain on abdominalpalpation and, later, severe dyspnea. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed pleural effusion, lymphadenopathy,hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. After dead, gross examination showed thoracic lymphnodes, spleen and live renlarged, pancreas and lung nodules, pleural effusion and marked thickening ofthe distal esophagus with cavitary nodules. The histopathological analysis of lymph nodes, pancreas and esophagus showed intense and diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes with highly pleomorphic small and largecleaved cells and various infiltrative foci in liver, kidney, lung, spleen and central nervous system. Immunohistochemicalanalysis showed immunoreactivity for CD3 and negative for CD79a CD18. According tothe morphological findings, it was diagnosed as multicentric lymphoma T- cell typepleomorphic mixed.

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Os tumores mamários espontâneos representam a neoplasia mais frequente em fêmeas caninas, correspondendo aproximadamente a 50 por cento de todas as neoplasias. A maioria dos estudos científicos restringe-se a dados pontuais sobre a doença, sem a preocupação com sua distribuição geográfica ou mesmo com a possibilidade da geração de agregados desses eventos em uma determinada área. Levando-se em consideração a lacuna de informações na literatura, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo a criação de mapas temáticos da distribuição espacial das neoplasias mamárias em cadelas e a identificação de aglomerados de risco para a doença no município de Salvador, Bahia. Pela análise espacial de varredura, verificou-se que os casos de neoplasia mamária não estão homogeneamente distribuídos no município. Foi detectado um aglomerado primário estatisticamente significante (P<0,001), abrangendo 67,3 por cento dos casos estudados. Espera-se que estes resultados contribuam principalmente na elaboração de novos estudos, nos quais devem ser analisadas variáveis de caráter intrínseco e extrínseco ao animal para a identificação dos fatores de risco e elaboração de planos educacionais direcionados à promoção da saúde animal.

Spontaneous mammary tumors represent the most frequent type of cancer in canines, accounting for approximately 50 percent of all neoplasms. The majority of scientific papers cited in the literature are limited to non refined epidemiological data, without mentioning the trend of this disease in generating clusters in a given geographical area. In this context, this research aimed to create thematic maps of spatial distribution of mammary neoplasms in bitches and to identify disease clusters for the city of Salvador, Bahia. Trough the spatial analysis scanning, it was found that cases of breast cancer is not evenly distributed in the municipality. A significant primary cluster was detected (P>0,001) covering 67.3 percent of the studied cases. Considering the gap in literature available in this field, it is believed that such results will become very important, especially in leading to new studies, where intrinsic and extrinsic variables regarding the animal must be taken into consideration and analyzed for factors risk identification to formulate educational plans targeting the promotion of animal welfare.