RESUMO
Forty polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed from Crassostrea hongkongensis using an enriched partial genomic library with magnetic beads. The polymorphism of these loci was assessed in 30 individuals from a wild population. The allele number of the polymorphic markers ranged from 2 to 13, with an average of 5.8 per locus. The polymorphism information content ranged from 0.032 to 0.891 and 37 loci presented a medium or high level of polymorphism. The observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.033 to 1.000 and 0.033 to 0.931, respectively. Of the 40 loci, 28 were found to conform to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), whereas the remaining 12 showed a significant departure from HWE. The availability of these markers will aid future genetic studies in C. hongkongensis.
Assuntos
Crassostrea/genética , Loci Gênicos , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , AnimaisRESUMO
Two rice doubled haploid (DH) populations derived from the crosses of ZYQ8/JX17 and CJ06/TN1 were used to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for flag leaf length (FLL), width (FLW), and angle (FLA) under long-day conditions in Hangzhou (subtropical zone) and short-day conditions in Hainan (tropical zone), China. The four parents differed significantly in all 3 traits. FLL was found to be positively correlated with FLW in the 2 populations. A total of 30 QTLs were identified for flag leaf traits, with a contribution to the phenotypic variation of each QTL from 4.49 to 26.30%. Among these, qFLL-4b, qFLW-12, and qFLA-2a showed larger additive effects on the phenotype and explained more variations compared to the other QTLs. qFLL-1a and qFLL-8 were detected in both environments, while qFLL-2, qFLL-3, qFLL-10, qFLL-12, qFLW11, qFLW2, and qFLA8 were novel QTLs, which may be beneficial to rice ideal-type breeding.
Assuntos
Genoma de Planta , Haploidia , Oryza/genética , Folhas de Planta/genética , Locos de Características Quantitativas , Cruzamento , China , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cruzamentos Genéticos , Genótipo , Oryza/anatomia & histologia , Fenótipo , Fotoperíodo , Folhas de Planta/anatomia & histologia , Clima TropicalRESUMO
This study established an animal model of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The human endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene was transfected into grafted arterial walls to verify transfection efficiency. Forty rabbits were randomized into the following 4 equal groups: 1) eNOS gene transfection group (eNOS group); 2) empty eNOS gene transfection group (empty gene group); 3) control group; 4) normal femoral artery group. Grafted arteries, and normal carotid and femoral artery specimens were obtained 3 weeks later. Immunohistochemistry and analyses of tissue nitric oxide (NO) levels, eNOS activity, and eNOS protein western blotting were performed. The effectiveness and efficiency of transfection were observed and confirmed. All rabbits survived. The grafted arteries retained patency. Varying degrees of adaptability changes were observed in grafted arteries in each group. The eNOS group exhibited vascular wall thickening and significantly increased eNOS protein expression. The control and empty gene groups exhibited vessel wall degeneration, and eNOS protein was weakly or not expressed (P < 0.05). The arterial wall NO concentration and total eNOS activity in the eNOS group were significantly higher than those in the other groups (P < 0.05). Western blotting demonstrated that the vascular wall eNOS protein concentration was significantly greater than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the eNOS gene transfection can increase eNOS expression and activity in vessel walls, increasing local NO concentration and expression.
Assuntos
Artérias Carótidas/metabolismo , Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Artéria Femoral/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo III/genética , Animais , Artérias Carótidas/patologia , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Artéria Femoral/patologia , Hemodinâmica , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Coelhos , Distribuição Aleatória , TransfecçãoRESUMO
This clinical study assessed the etiological factors implicated in acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI has a complicated etiology with many serious complications. Understanding the interactions among these factors will help physicians treat patients with AKI. This retrospective study analyzed the etiological factors and assessed the incidence and outcome of 123 patients with AKI and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The general conditions, original disease, number of organ dysfunctions, type of organ dysfunction, complications, score, time, dose of renal replacement therapy, and outcomes were recorded. The etiologies of the manifested diseases were complicated. The number of injured organs was directly associated with prognosis. Cardiovascular dysfunction and cataphora were independently associated with a risk of mortality (P < 0.05; odds ratios: 12.44 and 2.16, respectively). Meanwhile, cardiovascular dysfunction and choloplania were independently associated with a risk of irreparable renal function (P < 0.05; odds ratios: 23.64 and 11.59, respectively). In summary, the etiologies of the manifested diseases are complex. In addition, cardiovascular dysfunction is significantly associated with prognosis including survival and the recovery rate of renal function.
Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda/epidemiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/etiologia , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos/epidemiologia , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos/etiologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mortalidade , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos/terapia , Avaliação de Resultados da Assistência ao Paciente , Prognóstico , Terapia de Substituição Renal , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
This study investigated the effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) agonist, Fenofibrate, on the secretion of vascular endothelial contraction factors in hypertensive rats to elucidate its possible mechanisms. The vascular ring contraction experiment was used to observe whether rat vascular tension of clean grade spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) changes after 1-h incubation of 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 µM Fenofibrate with 10.0 µM Fenofibrate, a PPAR-α antagonist (MK866), and a PPAR-γ antagonist (GW9662) in SHR. The results were compared with Wistar Kyoto rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the secretion of the serum vascular endothelial contraction factor prostacyclin-1α (PGF-1α), PGF-2α, and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Western blot was used to detect COX-1 protein expression. A quantity of 10.0 µM Fenofibrate significantly reduced vasoconstriction in SHR compared to the control group (P = 0.013). The PPAR-α antagonist, MK866, significantly improved the vascular contractility of SHR when incubated with 10.0 µM Fenofibrate (P = 0.021). The PPAR-γ antagonist, GW9662, had no significant effect on the vascular contractility of SHR when incubated with 10.0 µM Fenofibrate (P = 0.071). The isolated aorta of SHR released significantly lower PGF- 1α (P = 0.014), PGF-2α (P = 0.023), and TXB2 (P = 0.017) levels in the 10.0 µM Fenofibrate group compared to the control group. COX-1 expression of SHR rat vascular endothelium was significantly depressed in the 10.0 µM Fenofibrate group compared to the control group (P = 0.027). In conclusion, Fenofibrate reduces the secretion of vascular endothelial contraction factors in hypertensive rats, which might arise through the endothelium influencing COX-1 expression.
Assuntos
Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenofibrato/farmacologia , Hipolipemiantes/farmacologia , PPAR alfa/genética , Vasoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Anilidas/farmacologia , Animais , Aorta/metabolismo , Ciclo-Oxigenase 1/genética , Ciclo-Oxigenase 1/metabolismo , Dinoprosta/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipertensão/genética , Hipertensão/metabolismo , Hipertensão/patologia , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , PPAR alfa/agonistas , PPAR alfa/antagonistas & inibidores , PPAR alfa/metabolismo , PPAR gama/antagonistas & inibidores , PPAR gama/genética , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Prostaglandinas F/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR , Ratos Endogâmicos WKY , Tromboxano B2/metabolismo , Técnicas de Cultura de TecidosRESUMO
The aim of this study was to investigate the N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP) levels in the peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and to provide the basis for its application in the early diagnosis of ACS. A total of 440 patients admitted to the hospital for examination and treatment were enrolled, including 330 patients with ACS and 110 cases in the control group. Routine blood examination and determination of NT-proBNP in all subjects were conducted immediately at the time of admission to analyze the difference in plasma NT-proBNP between the two groups. The plasma NT-proBNP levels in ACS were significantly higher (P < 0.01) and were associated with the severity of coronary lesions. The present study indicated that the plasma NT-proBNP level in ACS patients is significantly increased and has a potential value in the early diagnosis of ACS.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/sangue , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/diagnóstico , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico/sangue , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/sangue , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
This study was designed to analyze the relationship between serum creatinine and body mass index in children in Xinjiang, China. We used a stratified sampling method to select 5222 children aged 6-17 years in 3 areas in Xinjiang and then measured serum creatinine with an enzymatic method. Our analysis showed that the mean serum creatinine of the various age groups differed, and the reference value increased gradually with age. In the groups with subjects older than 10 years, the serum creatinine values had a positive correlation with body mass index (r = 0.016, 10- and 11-year-olds; r = 0.177, 12- and 13-year-olds; r = 0.314, 14- and 15-year-olds; r = 0.380, 16- and 17-year-olds; P < 0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis model, the positive relationship existed even after we removed influencing factors such as blood sugar and cholesterol (ß = 0.041, 10- and 11-year-olds; ß = 0.081, 12- and 13-year-olds; ß = 0.183, 14- and 15-year-olds; ß = 0.171, 16- and 17-year-olds; P < 0.05). Obesity is an independent risk factor associated with increasing serum creatinine levels in children aged more than 10 years. Weight control is important in the protection of renal function.
Assuntos
Creatinina/sangue , Obesidade/sangue , Adolescente , Composição Corporal , Índice de Massa Corporal , Criança , China , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/patologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
The association of the single nucleotide polymorphism 301T>C in the coding region of the acylation-stimulating protein (ASP) gene with coronary heart disease (CHD) was investigated in the Uygur (385 CHD patients and 483 control subjects) and Han (390 CHD patients and 439 control subjects) populations of China. The frequency of the CC and CT genotypes was significantly higher in patients with CHD compared to the control group (55.3 vs 46.2%, P = 0.001) in the Uygur population, but in the Han population, the frequency was significantly higher in the control group (51.7 vs 24.4%, P < 0.001). In addition, the C allele was significantly associated with CHD in the Uygur population (C allele: 33.8 vs 26.2%, T allele: 66.2 vs 73.8%; P = 0.004) and in the Han population (C allele: 14.5 vs 30.3%, T allele: 85.5 vs 69.7%; P < 0.001). The CC genotype was independently associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease when adjusted for other cardiovascular risk factors [odds ratio (OR) = 2.189, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.251-3.830, P = 0.001] in the Uygur population, but was a protective factor for CHD in the Han population (OR = 0.373, 95%CI = 0.187-0.745, P = 0.005). In conclusion, the 301T>C polymorphism of the ASP gene that influences the serum triglycerides level in the Uygur population, is associated with the development of CHD, and the CC genotype might be a risk factor of CHD.
Assuntos
Complemento C3a/genética , Doença das Coronárias/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Acilação/genética , Idoso , Povo Asiático/genética , China , Doença das Coronárias/sangue , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Estudos de Associação Genética , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a complex multifactorial and polygenic disorder that is thought to result from the interaction between an individual's genetic makeup and various environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of a transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) polymorphism (-509C>T) with ACS in a Chinese Han population. The TGF-ß1 polymorphism was evaluated in 336 patients with ACS and 396 healthy control subjects by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The genotype distributions of the control and ACS groups were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (X(2) = 3.54 and X(2) = 1.72, respectively, P > 0.05). The frequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 22.61, 53.57, and 20.83% in the ACS group, respectively, whereas they were 8.33, 48.74, and 42.17% in controls. There were significant differences between controls and ACS patients in the frequencies of the CC genotype and the C allele. These results suggest that the promoter polymorphism (-509C>T) in TGF-ß1 is associated with ACS in this population. The CC genotype and the C allele of TGF-ß1 might be a specific risk factor of ACS in the Chinese Han population in Xinjiang.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/genética , Estudos de Associação Genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/genética , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/diagnóstico , Alelos , Povo Asiático/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , China , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Regiões Promotoras Genéticas , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Four new species of Tetrigidae (Orthoptera) from Anhui province, China, are described, namely Paragavialidium anhuiensis n. sp. of Scelimeninae, Bolivaritettix jinzhaiensis n. sp. of Metrodorinae, Bannatettix anhuiensis n. sp., and Formosatettix albomaculatus n. sp. of Tetriginae.
Assuntos
Ortópteros/classificação , Animais , ChinaRESUMO
This study was designed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in Xinjiang children in western China. Data were obtained from the Chun-Miao Project, a community-based, cross-sectional study designed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in children of the Chinese Uygur population in Xinjiang from February 2010 to May 2012. A total of 3644 children completed the survey and measurements of fasting glucose. Diabetes and IFG were defined using American Diabetes Association 2009 criteria. Overall, 0.7% of the 3644 Uygur children had IFG and 0.1% had diabetes. In the newborn to 8-year-old group, the prevalence of diabetes and IFG was 0.6 and 1.1%, respectively. In the 9-13-year-old group, the prevalence of diabetes and IFG was 0.1 and 0.7%, respectively. There was no evidence of IFG or diabetes in the 14-17-year-old group. Logistic regression analysis suggested that overweight and obesity were independent risk factors of diabetes in Uygur children of Xinjiang. The prevalence of diabetes and IFG in Uygur children was lower than that reported previously in children of other ethnicities in China.
Assuntos
Glicemia , Diabetes Mellitus/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , China/etnologia , Estudos Transversais , Etnicidade , Jejum , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Prevalência , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
In this study, a total of 1047 insertion-deletion (InDel) primer pairs distributed across the rice genome were developed and experimentally validated. The primer pairs were designed based on the InDel length polymorphisms between 93-11 (Oryza sativa ssp indica cv.) and Nipponbare (Oryza sativa ssp japonica cv.), aiming for utilization between indica and japonica rice, or between other inter-subspecific rice cultivars. The 1047 primer pairs were dispersed across all 12 of the rice chromosomes, with one InDel marker found every 371.3 kb on average. The InDel length of the markers varied from 3 to 39 bp: 88.2% of the markers contained 6 to 25 bp, only 6.2% of markers were ≤ 5 bp, and 5.6% were ≥ 26 bp. Six hundred and twenty-three (59.5%) of the 1047 InDel markers were shown to amplify well and were polymorphic between Taichung65 and IR8, and 476 (45.5%) markers were polymorphic between Lemont and Yangdao4, while 398 (38.0%) were polymorphic in both combinations. These results demonstrated that the polymerase chain reaction-based InDel markers developed in this study could be of immediate use for rice genetic studies and breeding programs.
Assuntos
Cruzamento , Marcadores Genéticos , Mutação INDEL , Oryza/genética , Cromossomos de Plantas , Ligação Genética , Genoma de Planta , Mapeamento Físico do Cromossomo , Polimorfismo GenéticoRESUMO
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) is one of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, key components of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway, which plays an important role in protecting the myocardium from lethal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 (CaMEK) can promote ERK1/2 expression, which is thereby expected to exert protective action on the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vector (AVV9) is a novel tool for gene therapies targeting human diseases owing to its nonpathogenic capability for transducing nondividing cells and its long-term transgene expression. We used a recombinant AAV9 vector to deliver the CaMEK gene into cardiomyocytes and assessed whether AAV9 vector-mediated CaMEK gene transfection could enhance the long-term expression and activity of ERK1/2. Our observations suggest that AAV9-mediated gene expression is preferentially restricted to cardiomyocytes and that mediated CaMEK gene transfection enhanced the expression of ERK1/2 phosphorylation and consequently upregulated the expression of downstream components of ERK1/2 and its transcription factors.
Assuntos
Dependovirus/genética , MAP Quinase Quinase 1/genética , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Miócitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Expressão Gênica , Terapia Genética , Vetores Genéticos , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/biossíntese , Proteínas de Fluorescência Verde/genética , MAP Quinase Quinase 1/metabolismo , Fosforilação , Cultura Primária de Células , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Transdução GenéticaRESUMO
C5L2, a G protein-coupled receptor, is known to be a functional receptor of acylation-stimulating protein, which is a stimulator of triglyceride synthesis and glucose transport. A novel C5L2 variant (S323I) was identified and its association with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCH) was recently reported. We looked for this SNP in three Chinese ethnic groups, including Han, Uygur, and Kazakh controls and patients with FCH and type 2 diabetes. One hundred and eighty-two unrelated subjects (77 of Han, 57 of Uygur, and 48 of Kazakh) with FCH were genotyped by direct sequencing, and 852 subjects (342 of Han, 338 of Uygur, 172 of Kazakh) with type 2 diabetes and 200 healthy controls (67 of Han, 72 of Uygur, and 61 of Kazakh) chosen from a cardiovascular risk survey study were genotyped with PCR-RFLP analysis. All 182 subjects with FCH, 99.5% of the type 2 diabetes patients and 100% of the healthy controls were successfully genotyped. Neither the FCH subjects nor the type 2 diabetes patients were found to have the S323I variant. This variant was also not identified in the healthy controls. We found no evidence to demonstrate that the S323I polymorphism contributes to familial combined hyperlipidemia or type 2 diabetes in the Chinese population.