RESUMO

Canine fear of fireworks is a common problem worldwide, with serious implications for the welfare of both dogs and their owners. Therapies for the problem are available, and herbal and nutraceutical agents are increasingly suggested by professionals; nonetheless, studies on their real efficacy in reducing firework fear are lacking. In a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 44 dogs (25 in the "supplement" group and 19 in the "placebo" group) completed a long-term continuous treatment with either a supplement made of tryptophan, valerian, and passiflora or a placebo, including two real exposures to fireworks (on 2020 Christmas and 2021 New Years' Eve, after 42 and 48 days of treatment, respectively). Owners of both groups received the same general environmental management and food/toy offering recommendations for trying with their dogs on those nights. Behavioural (measured by LSSS-Lincoln Sound Sensitivity Scale and PANAS-Positive and Negative Activation scale, as rated by the owners) and stress (measured via salivary cortisol measures) reactions were evaluated. Significantly greater fear decrease (LSSS) was recorded in the "supplement" dogs, as compared to the "placebo" group. Cortisol dosages on New Year's Eve ("noisy" night) were in line with behavioural results; "supplement" dogs showed a smaller increase in the stress response from 22:30 to 00:30 h on New Year's Eve and a greater decrease in their stress response from 02:30 h to 10:30 h on New Year's Day compared to "placebo" dogs. Smaller cortisol levels were also shown by "supplement" dogs than "placebo" dogs on a controlled "quiet night" (27th December). Owners' rates on PANAS remained stable during the whole period of therapy for both groups. The evaluated supplement, a combination of tryptophan, valerian, and passiflora, showed satisfactory results and rare side effects when treating dogs fearful of fireworks.

RESUMO

In equine ophthalmology, ulcerative keratitis is among the most common conditions and, in general, arises as a consequence of some trauma suffered. Secondarily, subsequent contamination by pathogenic or resident bacteria of the horse's ocular microbiota may have undesirable consequences. Under physiological conditions, the normal microbiota coexists with the immune status of the host, serving as a barrier, ensuring the health of the ocular surface, and inhibiting the proliferation of pathogens. However, in the imbalance of immune barriers, the normal microbiota can become pathogenic and lead to infection, acting as an opportunistic agent. The present study aims to demonstrate the antimicrobial effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), its time of action, and its correlation with the concentration of its same components in vitro on Staphylococcus sciuri, a bacterium with high prevalence in the normal ocular microbiota of horses in the municipality of Minas Gerais. For the preparation of the PRP, eight adult Quarter Horse (QH) horses were used. The individual PRP was prepared by the double centrifugation protocol, and then, the PRPs were added to a pool, followed by testing their interaction in culture with Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth at different dilutions against five strains collected from different animals. After 3, 6, 12, and 18 hours, the colony formation units (CFU) count on a 5% horse blood agar plate was evaluated for each time point. Our study showed that Staphylococcus sciuri, the resident microorganism of the ocular conjunctival microbiota of horses, is more susceptible when compared to the standard strain "American Type Culture Collection" (ATCC-29213) Staphylococcus aureus, a pathogenic microorganism, which was used for the validation of our study. The antibacterial effect shown in this study was bacteriostatic for up to 6 hours. The most concentrated PRP dilutions, 1 : 1 and 1 : 2, were also most effective, suggesting that the antibacterial effect is volume dependent.

RESUMO

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common condition in horses with gastrointestinal disorders. If not prevented or controlled, SIRS promotes multiple organ dysfunctions that may culminate in serious disabilities or even death. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lithothamnion supplementation on systemic inflammatory response and organ function variables in horses undergoing oligofructose overload (OFO) intake. Twelve healthy horses were randomly divided into control and treated groups. The treated group received Lithothamnion (100 mg/kg bw PO BID) for 7 days before oligofructose intake (10 g/kg PO). Horses underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation immediately before and 6, 12, 18, and 24 h following administration of oligofructose. Parametric data were subjected to ANOVA in randomized blocks, followed by Tukey, and Student's t-tests for mean comparsions. Non-parametric data were analyzed by the Friedman, Dunn's, and Mann-Whitney tests (P < .05). Systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction was evident in both groups; however, these changes were milder and delayed in the treated group. Supplementation attenuated and delayed the tachycardia, tachypnea, leukocytosis, hyperproteinemia, hyperbilirubinemia, hyperalbuminemia and hyperglycemia in treated horses undergoing OFO. Furthermore, increases in packed cell volume, red blood cells, hemoglobin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, indirect and direct bilirubin and creatinine were observed only in the control group, remaining unchanged in the treated group. These findings demonstrate the potential of oral supplementation with Lithothamnion to ameliorate systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction in horses at risk of acquiring gastrointestinal disorders.

Assuntos

RESUMO

In this retrospective and prospective study, histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses of 62 cases of lymphomas in cats were performed to classify the anatomic forms and subtypes, according to the WHO guidelines, and correlate it to FeLV proviral DNA detected using PCR. The most common anatomical form was gastrointestinal (40.3%, 25/62), followed by multicentric (29%, 18/62), mediastinal (17.7%, 11/62) and extranodal (12,9%, 8/62). Among the lymphoma subtypes, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (30.6%, 19/62) was the most commonly diagnosed followed by peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) (29%, 18/62) and enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma type 2 (14.5%, 9/62). DNA extraction from paraffin-embedded neoplastic tissue was obtained in 28 cases and FeLV proviral DNA was detected by PCR, in 23 of these. Of the cases presenting with FeLV proviral DNA, nine (32%) were of the multicentric form, five (22%) of the mediastinal and extranodal forms and four (17%) of the gastrointestinal form. The most frequent subtypes with FeLV proviral DNA, independent of the anatomical form, were DLBCL (39.1%, 9/23) and PTCL (34.7%, 8/23). The presence of the FeLV proviral DNA in 23 cats of this study, probably had association with the multicentric form of lymphoma and higher occurrence in the DLBCL and PTCL subtypes.

Neste estudo retrospectivo e prospectivo, análises histopatológicas e imuno-histoquímicas de 62 casos de linfomas em gatos foram realizadas para classificar as formas anatômicas o e subtipos do linfoma, de acordo com as diretrizes da OMS. Além disso, foi realizada a extração de DNA dos tumores incluídos na parafina para obtenção de DNA pró-viral do FeLV por PCR, e relacionada com os exames anteriores. A forma anatômica mais comum foi a gastrointestinal (40.3%, 25/62), seguida pela multicêntrica (29%, 18/62), mediastinal (17,7%, 11/62) e extranodal (12,9%, 8/62). Entre os subtipos de linfoma, o linfoma difuso de grandes células B (DLBCL) (30.6%, 19/62) foi o mais comumente diagnosticado, seguido por linfoma de células T periférico (PTCL) (29%, 18/62) e o linfoma de células T associado a enteropatia tipo 2 (14.5%, 9/62). A extração de DNA de tecido neoplásico emblocado em parafina foi obtida em 28 casos e o DNA pró-viral de FeLV foi detectado por PCR, em 23 deles. Dos casos com DNA pró-viral do FeLV, nove (32%) eram da forma multicêntrica, cinco (22%) das formas mediastinal e extranodal e quatro (17%) da forma gastrointestinal. Os subtipos mais frequentes com DNA pró-viral do FeLV, independente da forma anatômica, foram DLBCL (39.1%, 9/23) e PTCL (34.7%, 8/23). A presença do DNA pró-viral do FeLV em 23 gatos deste estudo, provavelmente teve associação com a forma multicêntrica do linfoma e maior ocorrência nos subtipos DLBCL e PTCL.

Assuntos

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: A point-of-care device that can provide immediate and reliable hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and packed cell volumes (PCVs) would be useful in veterinary medicine. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare the use of a human device (Mission Plus; MP) with a gold standard (GS) method for measuring Hb concentrations and PCVs in cattle blood. METHODS: Blood samples from clinically healthy cattle (n = 122) were collected with or without an anticoagulant (K2 EDTA). The GS and MP methods were compared with correlation coefficients. Passing-Bablok regression analyses were also performed, and the acceptability judgment was completed using Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS: The CVmax for Hb values obtained using the GS method, the MP device without K2 EDTA, and the MP device with K2 EDTA were approximately 2.70%, 1.70%, and 2.0%, respectively, whereas the CVmax for PCVs was 0.90%, 1.83%, and 2.05%, respectively. A positive correlation (97.5% confidence interval) was observed between the Hb concentrations and PCV values detected using the MP and GS techniques in blood with and without K2 EDTA. Bland-Altman plots showed agreement between the MP and GS methods. For Hb using blood collected with or without the addition of K2 EDTA, the mean differences were -0.87 g/dL (95% CI: 1.35; -3.96) and 0.08 g/dL (95% CI: 2.16, -1.99), respectively. For PCVs using blood collected with or without the addition of K2 EDTA, the mean differences were -3.75% (95% CI: 0.61. -8.12) and -0.88% (95% CI: 2.86, -4.62), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The MP device can be used to analyze Hb concentrations and PCVs in bovine blood to assist in field diagnoses.

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RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The classification of effusions in human medicine currently uses biochemical parameters of verified analytical accuracy, while veterinary medicine is traditionally guided by protein content (TP) and total nucleated cell count (TNCC) in the effusion, without solid scientific support. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to assess the accuracy of the current veterinary classification system to distinguish transudates from exudates and create new tools involving biochemical parameters that better classify canine cavitary effusions. METHODS: Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data from 250 canine pleural and peritoneal effusions were retrospectively and prospectively collected, organized, and statistically evaluated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using biochemical and cellular parameters. RESULTS: For identifying exudates, the accuracy (87.7%, n = 204) of the best traditional classification system (TNCC > 3000 cells/µL) was similar to that of the individual biochemical cutoff values with the greatest accuracy in the abdominal cavity (eg, cholesterol, CHO-E > 40.1 mg/dL, 87.3%, n = 55). The accuracy of albumin (ALB-E > 0.8 g/dL) in the pleural cavity was nonetheless higher (100%, n = 23). The best multiple predictive models for any cavity used the percentage of neutrophils and CHO-E (n = 72), presenting an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis of exudate of 88%, 96%, and 67%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Biochemical classification of pleural effusions has a higher accuracy than the traditional system (based on TP and TNCC). Utility and cutoff of analytes are different for each cavity. Implementing a multiple regression model or establishing ratios or gradients with concurrent serum values adds no significant improvement in the diagnostic potential of distinguishing transudate and exudates in dogs.

Assuntos

RESUMO

This study aimed to characterize and correlate physiological and metabolic changes in horses fed a hypercaloric diet (HD). Nine mature horses with a mean initial body condition score of 2.9 ± 1 (scale, 1-9) were fed a high-calorie diet for 5 months. Fasting blood samples were collected before the study and biweekly for the duration of the project to determine the concentrations of cholesterol (CHOL), very low (VLDL), low (LDL) and high-density (HDL) lipoproteins, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, and fructosamine. A low-dose oral glucose tolerance test (LGTT) was conducted before, 75 and 150 days after HD introduction. Mean arterial blood pressure was measured monthly. Following HD introduction, CHOL, LDL, HDL, and fructosamine blood concentrations increased (P < 0.001). These four variables were also positively and significantly correlated with the blood insulin response to LGTT. These findings confirm the occurrence of hypercholesterolemia concomitantly with insulin dysregulation development in horses exposed to HD.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Inflammation and apoptosis in the hoof lamellar interface both contribute to the early stages of sepsis-associated laminitis, but it is not clear whether apoptosis is occurring before the onset of inflammation or is being provoked by inflammation. Apoptosis and inflammation were therefore measured in lamellar tissues obtained at different time points throughout the early stages of experimentally induced laminitis. Apoptotic cells and leukocyte were enumerated in archived paraffin embedded lamellar tissue samples from previous experiments in which acute laminitis was induced using Black Walnut Extract (BWE) or starch (CHO). BWE-derived samples from 20 horses were allocated into four groups: Control (CON = 5); Early Time Point (ETP, 1.5 h after induction, n = 5); Developmental Time Point (DTP, 3-4 h after induction, n = 5); Obel Grade 1 (OG1, Onset of Lameness, n = 5). CHO-derived samples from 25 horses were allocated into four groups: CON (n = 8); DTP (10-12 h after induction, n = 6); OG 1 (n = 6); Obel 3 (OG3, lameness progression, n = 5). Apoptotic cells were enumerated using a horse validated TUNEL technique. Compared to controls, significant increases in apoptotic cell counts were not detected in lamellar epithelial cells during the developmental phase or at the onset of lameness during laminitis induction. A negative correlation between apoptosis and leukocyte infiltration was detected in the BWE model (P < 0.05). In conclusion, apoptosis does not play an important role in the initial stages of sepsis-related laminitis.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Patients with acute renal failure often have a negative energy balance, which promotes metabolic changes predisposing to complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate laboratory parameters of 30 dogs with severe acute renal failure, to assess their relationship with the possibility of developing acute pancreatitis due to the negative energy balance, and to correlate these findings with the degree of renal failure. Serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, amylase, total lipase, and canine pancreatic lipase were compared between healthy dogs and dogs with severe acute renal failure. A greater serum concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate and greater activity of pancreatic enzymes, particularly canine pancreatic lipase, as well as a stronger correlation between the latter and serum creatinine concentrations, were related to the occurrence of acute pancreatitis in patients with severe acute renal failure. A greater degree of renal failure implied a greater predisposition to acute pancreatitis.(AU)

O portador de insuficiência renal aguda é um paciente que, muitas vezes, encontra-se sob importante condição de balanço energético negativo, gerando alterações metabólicas que predispõem a complicações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros laboratoriais de trinta cães com insuficiência renal aguda grave, quanto a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de pancreatite aguda em função do balanço energético negativo, e relacioná-los ao grau de gravidade da insuficiência renal. As concentrações séricas de ureia, creatinina, betahidroxibutirato, triglicérides, amilase, lipase total e lipase pancreática canina foram comparadas entre o grupo de cães hígidos e o de cães doentes. Observou-se maior concentração sérica de betahidroxibutirato e maior atividade das enzimas pancreáticas, especialmente da lipase pancreática canina, além de forte correlação entre esta última e a concentração sérica de creatinina, demonstrando a ocorrência de pancreatite aguda em pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda grave. Verificou-se também que quanto mais grave é a insuficiência renal, maior é a predisposição à pancreatite aguda.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

In the search for an early biomarker of renal injury, this study aimed to determine the urinary protein profile of dogs with leishmaniasis without treatment and treated as determined by Brazilian legislation. The identification of proteinuria, its classification and the circumstances in which it takes place instigated this study. For this, 30 dogs from an outpatient clinic at a Veterinary Hospital in Belo Horizonte were evaluated. All animals underwent clinical and laboratory tests, which included renal biomarkers. The proteins were characterized using the SDS-page electrophoresis technique, and thus, a urinary protein profile was developed comparing patients considered clinically healthy with dogs infected with leishmaniasis that were under treatment and with untreated infected dogs. The results showed that the hematological and biochemical parameters showed similar behavior between the groups of healthy dogs and dogs with leishmaniasis treated, however a very heterogeneous pattern of urinary proteins can be observed and differed between healthy animals and animals with leishmaniasis, as well as between treated and untreated animals. The results suggest that the classification of proteinuria can be a tool that helps in the staging of animals infected with L. infantum and can differentiate them as to the severity of existing kidney injuries.(AU)

Na busca por um biomarcador precoce de injúria renal, este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o perfil proteico urinário de cães infectados com leishmaniose sem tratamento e tratados conforme determina a legislação brasileira. A identificação da proteinúria, sua classificação e as circunstâncias em que ocorrem instigaram este estudo. Para tanto, foram avaliados 30 cães oriundos do atendimento clínico ambulatorial de um Hospital Veterinário em Belo Horizonte. Todos os animais passaram por exame clínico e laboratorial, que incluíram biomarcadores renais. As proteínas foram caracterizadas através da técnica de eletroforese por SDS-PAGE, e assim, foi elaborado um perfil proteico urinário comparando pacientes considerados clinicamente hígidos, com cães infectados por Leishmania (L.) infantum e que estavam sob tratamento e cães infectados não tratados. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos apresentaram comportamento semelhante entre os grupos de cães hígidos e de cães infectados com L. infantum tratados, entretanto um padrão muito heterogêneo de proteínas urinárias pode ser observado e diferiu entre animais hígidos e animais com leishmaniose, assim como entre os animais tratados e não tratados. Os resultados sugerem que a classificação da proteinúria pode ser uma ferramenta que auxilia no estadiamento de animais infectados por L. infantum podendo diferenciá-los quanto à gravidade de lesões renais existentes.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: Patients with acute renal failure often have a negative energy balance, which promotes metabolic changes predisposing to complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate laboratory parameters of 30 dogs with severe acute renal failure, to assess their relationship with the possibility of developing acute pancreatitis due to the negative energy balance, and to correlate these findings with the degree of renal failure. Serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, amylase, total lipase, and canine pancreatic lipase were compared between healthy dogs and dogs with severe acute renal failure. A greater serum concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate and greater activity of pancreatic enzymes, particularly canine pancreatic lipase, as well as a stronger correlation between the latter and serum creatinine concentrations, were related to the occurrence of acute pancreatitis in patients with severe acute renal failure. A greater degree of renal failure implied a greater predisposition to acute pancreatitis.

RESUMO: O portador de insuficiência renal aguda é um paciente que, muitas vezes, encontra-se sob importante condição de balanço energético negativo, gerando alterações metabólicas que predispõem a complicações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros laboratoriais de trinta cães com insuficiência renal aguda grave, quanto a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de pancreatite aguda em função do balanço energético negativo, e relacioná-los ao grau de gravidade da insuficiência renal. As concentrações séricas de ureia, creatinina, betahidroxibutirato, triglicérides, amilase, lipase total e lipase pancreática canina foram comparadas entre o grupo de cães hígidos e o de cães doentes. Observou-se maior concentração sérica de betahidroxibutirato e maior atividade das enzimas pancreáticas, especialmente da lipase pancreática canina, além de forte correlação entre esta última e a concentração sérica de creatinina, demonstrando a ocorrência de pancreatite aguda em pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda grave. Verificou-se também que quanto mais grave é a insuficiência renal, maior é a predisposição à pancreatite aguda.

RESUMO

ABSTRACT: In the search for an early biomarker of renal injury, this study aimed to determine the urinary protein profile of dogs with leishmaniasis without treatment and treated as determined by Brazilian legislation. The identification of proteinuria, its classification and the circumstances in which it takes place instigated this study. For this, 30 dogs from an outpatient clinic at a Veterinary Hospital in Belo Horizonte were evaluated. All animals underwent clinical and laboratory tests, which included renal biomarkers. The proteins were characterized using the SDS-page electrophoresis technique, and thus, a urinary protein profile was developed comparing patients considered clinically healthy with dogs infected with leishmaniasis that were under treatment and with untreated infected dogs. The results showed that the hematological and biochemical parameters showed similar behavior between the groups of healthy dogs and dogs with leishmaniasis treated, however a very heterogeneous pattern of urinary proteins can be observed and differed between healthy animals and animals with leishmaniasis, as well as between treated and untreated animals. The results suggest that the classification of proteinuria can be a tool that helps in the staging of animals infected with L. infantum and can differentiate them as to the severity of existing kidney injuries.

RESUMO: Na busca por um biomarcador precoce de injúria renal, este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o perfil proteico urinário de cães infectados com leishmaniose sem tratamento e tratados conforme determina a legislação brasileira. A identificação da proteinúria, sua classificação e as circunstâncias em que ocorrem instigaram este estudo. Para tanto, foram avaliados 30 cães oriundos do atendimento clínico ambulatorial de um Hospital Veterinário em Belo Horizonte. Todos os animais passaram por exame clínico e laboratorial, que incluíram biomarcadores renais. As proteínas foram caracterizadas através da técnica de eletroforese por SDS-PAGE, e assim, foi elaborado um perfil proteico urinário comparando pacientes considerados clinicamente hígidos, com cães infectados por Leishmania (L.) infantum e que estavam sob tratamento e cães infectados não tratados. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos apresentaram comportamento semelhante entre os grupos de cães hígidos e de cães infectados com L. infantum tratados, entretanto um padrão muito heterogêneo de proteínas urinárias pode ser observado e diferiu entre animais hígidos e animais com leishmaniose, assim como entre os animais tratados e não tratados. Os resultados sugerem que a classificação da proteinúria pode ser uma ferramenta que auxilia no estadiamento de animais infectados por L. infantum podendo diferenciá-los quanto à gravidade de lesões renais existentes.

RESUMO

Patients with acute renal failure often have a negative energy balance, which promotes metabolic changes predisposing to complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate laboratory parameters of 30 dogs with severe acute renal failure, to assess their relationship with the possibility of developing acute pancreatitis due to the negative energy balance, and to correlate these findings with the degree of renal failure. Serum concentrations of urea, creatinine, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, amylase, total lipase, and canine pancreatic lipase were compared between healthy dogs and dogs with severe acute renal failure. A greater serum concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate and greater activity of pancreatic enzymes, particularly canine pancreatic lipase, as well as a stronger correlation between the latter and serum creatinine concentrations, were related to the occurrence of acute pancreatitis in patients with severe acute renal failure. A greater degree of renal failure implied a greater predisposition to acute pancreatitis.(AU)

O portador de insuficiência renal aguda é um paciente que, muitas vezes, encontra-se sob importante condição de balanço energético negativo, gerando alterações metabólicas que predispõem a complicações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar parâmetros laboratoriais de trinta cães com insuficiência renal aguda grave, quanto a possibilidade de desenvolvimento de pancreatite aguda em função do balanço energético negativo, e relacioná-los ao grau de gravidade da insuficiência renal. As concentrações séricas de ureia, creatinina, betahidroxibutirato, triglicérides, amilase, lipase total e lipase pancreática canina foram comparadas entre o grupo de cães hígidos e o de cães doentes. Observou-se maior concentração sérica de betahidroxibutirato e maior atividade das enzimas pancreáticas, especialmente da lipase pancreática canina, além de forte correlação entre esta última e a concentração sérica de creatinina, demonstrando a ocorrência de pancreatite aguda em pacientes com insuficiência renal aguda grave. Verificou-se também que quanto mais grave é a insuficiência renal, maior é a predisposição à pancreatite aguda.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

In the search for an early biomarker of renal injury, this study aimed to determine the urinary protein profile of dogs with leishmaniasis without treatment and treated as determined by Brazilian legislation. The identification of proteinuria, its classification and the circumstances in which it takes place instigated this study. For this, 30 dogs from an outpatient clinic at a Veterinary Hospital in Belo Horizonte were evaluated. All animals underwent clinical and laboratory tests, which included renal biomarkers. The proteins were characterized using the SDS-page electrophoresis technique, and thus, a urinary protein profile was developed comparing patients considered clinically healthy with dogs infected with leishmaniasis that were under treatment and with untreated infected dogs. The results showed that the hematological and biochemical parameters showed similar behavior between the groups of healthy dogs and dogs with leishmaniasis treated, however a very heterogeneous pattern of urinary proteins can be observed and differed between healthy animals and animals with leishmaniasis, as well as between treated and untreated animals. The results suggest that the classification of proteinuria can be a tool that helps in the staging of animals infected with L. infantum and can differentiate them as to the severity of existing kidney injuries.(AU)

Na busca por um biomarcador precoce de injúria renal, este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o perfil proteico urinário de cães infectados com leishmaniose sem tratamento e tratados conforme determina a legislação brasileira. A identificação da proteinúria, sua classificação e as circunstâncias em que ocorrem instigaram este estudo. Para tanto, foram avaliados 30 cães oriundos do atendimento clínico ambulatorial de um Hospital Veterinário em Belo Horizonte. Todos os animais passaram por exame clínico e laboratorial, que incluíram biomarcadores renais. As proteínas foram caracterizadas através da técnica de eletroforese por SDS-PAGE, e assim, foi elaborado um perfil proteico urinário comparando pacientes considerados clinicamente hígidos, com cães infectados por Leishmania (L.) infantum e que estavam sob tratamento e cães infectados não tratados. Os resultados demonstraram que os parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímicos apresentaram comportamento semelhante entre os grupos de cães hígidos e de cães infectados com L. infantum tratados, entretanto um padrão muito heterogêneo de proteínas urinárias pode ser observado e diferiu entre animais hígidos e animais com leishmaniose, assim como entre os animais tratados e não tratados. Os resultados sugerem que a classificação da proteinúria pode ser uma ferramenta que auxilia no estadiamento de animais infectados por L. infantum podendo diferenciá-los quanto à gravidade de lesões renais existentes.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A lesão renal aguda (IRA) é uma síndrome complexa, associada à progressão desfavorável, especialmente em cães na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e apresenta alta morbidade e mortalidade. O diagnóstico de IRA requer combinação de testes laboratoriais, como a creatinina sérica e ureia, considerados pouco sensíveis e específicos para a detecção precoce de graus discretos durante a perda de função renal. O biomarcador cistatina C é considerado superior por apresentar uma melhor correlação com a taxa de filtração glomerular. No entanto, existem poucos estudos que demonstram a utilidade da cistatina C em cães na UTI. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a cistatina C com o nível sérico de creatinina para detectar o estágio inicial da IRA em cães em terapia intensiva. As dosagens desses analitos foram realizadas no momento da admissão, 24 e 48 horas após. A cistatina C apresentou concentrações mais elevadas em 78,6%, enquanto a creatinina sérica aumentou apenas em 28,5% dos cães. Os resultados demonstraram que a cistatina C pode ser utilizada para a detecção precoce de lesão renal aguda em cães de UTIs devido à sua maior sensibilidade em relação aos marcadores tradicionais.(AU)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome, associated with unfavorable progression, especially in dogs in the intensive care unit (ICU), and presents high morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of AKI requires a combination of laboratory tests, such as serum creatinine and urea, considered to be poorly sensitive and specific for the early detection of discrete degrees during loss of renal function. The biomarker cystatin C is considered superior because it has a better correlation with the glomerular filtration rate. However, there are few studies that demonstrate the utility of cystatin C in dogs in ICU. The objective of this study was to compare cystatin C to creatinine serum level to detect early stage of AKI in dogs in an intensive care. Measurements of these analytes were performed at the time of admission, 24 and 48 hours after. Serum cystatin C presented higher concentrations in 78.6% while serum creatinina elevated in only 28.5% of the dogs. The results demonstrated that cystatin C can be used for the early detection of acute kidney injury in dogs in ICUs because of its greater sensitivity compared to traditional markers.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

A lesão renal aguda (IRA) é uma síndrome complexa, associada à progressão desfavorável, especialmente em cães na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI) e apresenta alta morbidade e mortalidade. O diagnóstico de IRA requer combinação de testes laboratoriais, como a creatinina sérica e ureia, considerados pouco sensíveis e específicos para a detecção precoce de graus discretos durante a perda de função renal. O biomarcador cistatina C é considerado superior por apresentar uma melhor correlação com a taxa de filtração glomerular. No entanto, existem poucos estudos que demonstram a utilidade da cistatina C em cães na UTI. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a cistatina C com o nível sérico de creatinina para detectar o estágio inicial da IRA em cães em terapia intensiva. As dosagens desses analitos foram realizadas no momento da admissão, 24 e 48 horas após. A cistatina C apresentou concentrações mais elevadas em 78,6%, enquanto a creatinina sérica aumentou apenas em 28,5% dos cães. Os resultados demonstraram que a cistatina C pode ser utilizada para a detecção precoce de lesão renal aguda em cães de UTIs devido à sua maior sensibilidade em relação aos marcadores tradicionais.(AU)

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome, associated with unfavorable progression, especially in dogs in the intensive care unit (ICU), and presents high morbidity and mortality. The diagnosis of AKI requires a combination of laboratory tests, such as serum creatinine and urea, considered to be poorly sensitive and specific for the early detection of discrete degrees during loss of renal function. The biomarker cystatin C is considered superior because it has a better correlation with the glomerular filtration rate. However, there are few studies that demonstrate the utility of cystatin C in dogs in ICU. The objective of this study was to compare cystatin C to creatinine serum level to detect early stage of AKI in dogs in an intensive care. Measurements of these analytes were performed at the time of admission, 24 and 48 hours after. Serum cystatin C presented higher concentrations in 78.6% while serum creatinina elevated in only 28.5% of the dogs. The results demonstrated that cystatin C can be used for the early detection of acute kidney injury in dogs in ICUs because of its greater sensitivity compared to traditional markers.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The diagnosis of acute kidney injury by evaluating the activity of urinary enzymes is an important tool especially for its precocity in relation to methods of assessment of renal function considered late as the installation of injury precedes the function change. This study was performed to determine the reference interval for urinary NAG activity (N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase) in urine of healthy dogs of different breeds, ages and sexes. It was utilized an automated method for the determination of NAG activity standardized for dog urine samples. Through statistical analysis it was observed that NAG is positively correlated with the age of the animal and urine specific gravity but is not interfered by sex or weight. Based on the determination of urinary activity and after correcting the values for a 1,025 urine specific gravity was obtained an reference interval of X '= 3.62U/L±0.66U/L.(AU)

O diagnóstico da injúria renal aguda pela avaliação da atividade de enzimas urinárias é uma importante ferramenta para o médico veterinário, especialmente por sua precocidade em relação aos métodos de avaliação da função renal, considerados tardios, visto que a instalação da injúria precede a alteração da função. Neste estudo foi realizada a determinação do intervalo de referência médio para a atividade urinária de NAG (N-Acetyl- β-D-Glucosaminidase), em urinas de cães hígidos, de diferentes raças, sexos e faixas etárias. Para isso, trabalhou-se com um método automatizado para determinação da atividade de NAG, padronizado para amostras de urina de cães. Por meio de análise estatística, observou-se que a NAG apresenta correlação positiva com a idade do animal e com a densidade urinária, mas não sofre interferência quanto ao sexo ou peso. Com base na determinação da atividade urinária e após corrigir os valores para uma densidade de 1,025, obteve-se um intervalo de referência médio de X´ = 3,62U/L±0,66U/L.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The diagnosis of acute kidney injury by evaluating the activity of urinary enzymes is an important tool especially for its precocity in relation to methods of assessment of renal function considered late as the installation of injury precedes the function change. This study was performed to determine the reference interval for urinary NAG activity (N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase) in urine of healthy dogs of different breeds, ages and sexes. It was utilized an automated method for the determination of NAG activity standardized for dog urine samples. Through statistical analysis it was observed that NAG is positively correlated with the age of the animal and urine specific gravity but is not interfered by sex or weight. Based on the determination of urinary activity and after correcting the values for a 1,025 urine specific gravity was obtained an reference interval of X '= 3.62U/L±0.66U/L.(AU)

O diagnóstico da injúria renal aguda pela avaliação da atividade de enzimas urinárias é uma importante ferramenta para o médico veterinário, especialmente por sua precocidade em relação aos métodos de avaliação da função renal, considerados tardios, visto que a instalação da injúria precede a alteração da função. Neste estudo foi realizada a determinação do intervalo de referência médio para a atividade urinária de NAG (N-Acetyl- β-D-Glucosaminidase), em urinas de cães hígidos, de diferentes raças, sexos e faixas etárias. Para isso, trabalhou-se com um método automatizado para determinação da atividade de NAG, padronizado para amostras de urina de cães. Por meio de análise estatística, observou-se que a NAG apresenta correlação positiva com a idade do animal e com a densidade urinária, mas não sofre interferência quanto ao sexo ou peso. Com base na determinação da atividade urinária e após corrigir os valores para uma densidade de 1,025, obteve-se um intervalo de referência médio de X´ = 3,62U/L±0,66U/L.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) with leukemic manifestation is rarely reported in veterinary patients. Here, we describe two cases of systemic mastocytosis with leukemic spread of neoplastic mast cells in adult dogs, including their clinical signs, clinical and anatomic pathology, and immunohistochemical analysis of c-KIT as a diagnostic tool. In both cases, hematologic examination revealed normocytic and normochromic anaemia, leucocytosis with segmented neutrophils, and mastocytosis. Cytological analyses of the peritoneal fluid revealed many neoplastic mast cells. Case 1 was associated with a subcutaneous mast cell tumor and Case 2 was not associated with a cutaneous or subcutaneous mast cell tumor. Neoplastic mast cells were found in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and kidneys, and a diagnosis of visceral mastocytosis was established. SM with terminal leukemic manifestation was confirmed by the mastocythemia intensity associated with the morphological changes of the mast cells in the blood and bone marrow.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Systemic mastocytosis (SM) with leukemic manifestation is rarely reported in veterinary patients. Here, we describe two cases of systemic mastocytosis with leukemic spread of neoplastic mast cells in adult dogs, including their clinical signs, clinical and anatomic pathology, and immunohistochemical analysis of c-KIT as a diagnostic tool. In both cases, hematologic examination revealed normocytic and normochromic anaemia, leucocytosis with segmented neutrophils, and mastocytosis. Cytological analyses of the peritoneal fluid revealed many neoplastic mast cells. Case 1 was associated with a subcutaneous mast cell tumor and Case 2 was not associated with a cutaneous or subcutaneous mast cell tumor. Neoplastic mast cells were found in the lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and kidneys, and a diagnosis of visceral mastocytosis was established. SM with terminal leukemic manifestation was confirmed by the mastocythemia intensity associated with the morphological changes of the mast cells in the blood and bone marrow.

Assuntos