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This study aimed to compare the practice of physical activity in groups of people with chronic diseases with and without medication, before and during the pandemic. 298 Brazilian individuals with chronic non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular, metabolic / endocrine, respiratory, orthopedic, gastrointestinal diseases, anxiety and depression were separated into two groups: with and without medication. A questionnaire with 14 questions was applied, tracing the behavioral profile in relation to physical exercises before and during isolation, interpreted through descriptive analysis, and the groups were compared through Mann-Whitman's statistics. The drop in the percentage of active individuals with or without medication occurred when comparing the scenarios before and during quarantine. However, the difference in the prevalence of active individuals between the groups was significant, showing that the group with medication remained more active. The fear of contamination, the measures of distance and the lack of adherence of the population to classes by videoconference reduced the frequency of physical activities in the general sample population. However, people who used medication showed greater concern about the practice of physical activity to optimize treatment. The isolation period had a negative impact on the practice of physical activity, regardless of the presence of some chronic disease or the use of medication.
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Objectives: Physical growth and body adiposity patterns provide relevant information to infer the nutritional and health status of students. Our objectives were (a) to compare the variables of body adiposity and physical growth of Chilean children and adolescents with data from the CDC-2012 and international studies, and (b) to develop regional reference curves to evaluate growth and body adiposity. Methods: 8,261 children and adolescents were studied. We evaluated the weight, height, and waist circumference (WC). The Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated. Their physical growth and body adiposity were compared with the CDC-2012 references as well as with other international references. Percentile curves for weight, height, BMI, and WC were constructed with the LMS method. Results: The Chilean students showed reduced weight and height during adolescence when compared with the CDC-2012 reference. During early ages, the BMI for the Chilean sample was lower while at advanced ages, the WC values were greater in comparison to the CDC-2012 reference. Graphic comparisons with international studies indicated that Chilean students weighed more at all ages. However, height was slightly greater until age 14 for males and age 11 for females. Body adiposity (BMI and WC) for the Chilean students was slightly higher at early ages while at later ages, adiposity values were relatively similar for both sexes. Conclusions: Discrepancies were observed between the physical growth and body adiposity trajectories and the American CDC-2012 references and the international studies. The proposed percentiles for weight, height, BMI, and WC for each age and sex may be useful for health sciences professionals and researchers.
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BACKGROUND/AIM: The study of physical growth variables in terms of chronological age and biological maturation may provide a common reference point to reflect on the occurrence of body dimensions in and between individuals. The objectives of this study were as follows: (a) verify if the observed gender differences in the variables of physical growth by chronological age are confounded by physical maturation, (b) compare physical growth patterns with the reference of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-2012, and (c) develop regional curves to assess physical growth in terms of biological maturation. METHODS: Researchers studied 3,674 children and adolescents. Weight, standing height, and sitting height were measured. Biological maturation was determined by using the age of peak velocity growth. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Growth variables were compared with the CDC-2012 reference. Percentiles were calculated by the LMS method. The students differed in weight and BMI when compared to the reference individuals. The differences in weight, standing height, and BMI between both genders are more pronounced when they are aligned with biological age rather than chronological age. CONCLUSION: Weight and BMI differ from the reference. Furthermore, the assessment of the physical growth trajectory should be analyzed in terms of biological maturation. The proposed regional curves may be used in and applied to clinical and epidemiological contexts.