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Considering the lack of consensus related to the impact of selective IL-6 receptor inhibition on bone remodeling and the scarcity of reports, especially on large bone defects, this study proposed to evaluate the biological impact of the selective inhibitor of interleukin-6 receptor (tocilizumab) in an experimental model of critical calvarial defect in rats. In this preclinical and in vivo study, 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (n=12/group): defect treated with collagen sponge (CG) and defect treated with collagen sponge associated with 2 mg/kg tocilizumab (TCZ). The defect in the parietal bone was created using an 8-mm diameter trephine drill. After 90 days, the animals were euthanized, and tissue samples (skull caps) were evaluated through micro-CT, histological, immunohistochemistry, cytokines, and RT-qPCR analyses. Tocilizumab reduced mononuclear inflammatory infiltration (P<0.05) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels (P<0.01) and down-regulated tissue gene expression of BMP-2 (P<0.001), RUNX-2 (P<0.05), and interleukin (IL)-6 (P<0.05). Moreover, it promoted a stronger immunostaining of cathepsin and RANKL (P<0.05). Micro-CT and histological analyses revealed no impact on general bone formation (P>0.05). The bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes) in the defect area were similar in both groups (P>0.05). Tocilizumab reduced inflammatory cytokines, decreased osteogenic protein, and increased proteases in a critical bone defect in rats. Ninety days after the local application of tocilizumab in the cranial defect, we did not find a significant formation of bone tissue compared with a collagen sponge.
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Glycerol, the main residue of biodiesel production, can be used to produce organic acids and energy through anaerobic digestion. This study aimed to assess microbial structure, diversity, productivity, and stability and the influence of these parameters on the performance of an anaerobic reactor. The experimental setup consisted of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor fed residual glycerol and nutrients. The organic loading rate (OLR) was gradually increased through five stages, and sludge samples were collected at each, followed by DNA extraction and PCR denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The resulting bands were excised, amplified, and purified. The results showed increased bacterial diversity and richness from the inoculum (Rr 38.72 and H 2.32) and along stages I and II, reaching the highest populational parameters (Rr 194.06 and H 3.32). The following stages promote decreases in richness and diversity, achieving the lowest populational parameters on this study (Rr 11.53 and H 2.04). Biogas production increased along with functional organization due to the specialization of the bacterial community and a decrease in the methanogenic population, both promoted by the increase in OLR.
Assuntos
Archaea/classificação , Archaea/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias Anaeróbias/classificação , Bactérias Anaeróbias/isolamento & purificação , Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Biota , Glicerol/metabolismo , Anaerobiose , Ácidos Carboxílicos/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Metabolic syndrome (MS) and sarcopenia are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. No studies using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) have evaluated association between body composition (BC) changes and MS in adrenal incidentaloma (AI). Our aim was to analyse BC in non-functioning AI (NFAI) and intermediate phenotype (IP) relative to controls and to correlate with cortisol levels. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 44 NFAI (serum cortisol ≤ 50 nmol/L after the overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test), 27 IP (cortisol 51-138 nmol/L), and 41 controls (normal adrenal on imaging examination) using DXA. Autonomic cortisol secretion (cortisol > 138 nmol/L) was excluded from the study. BC data were compared using criteria for MS (World Health Organization, National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel-III, American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), and International Diabetes Federation). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in clinical data and body mass index (BMI) among the three groups. Waist circumference (WC) was larger in AI vs. controls (p < 0.01). Waist-to-hip ratio was higher in NFAI vs. controls and waist-to-height ratio was higher in IP vs. controls (p = 0.03 and p = 0.02, respectively). The frequency of MS was higher in AI vs. controls. BC was not different among the groups. Patients with AI there was a significant association of MS with both an increase in total fat and body fat index (all criteria), and a significant difference between MS and smaller BMI-adjusted lean mass (AACE, p = 0.036). No correlation of cortisol after 1 mg dexamethasone test with BC or MS. AI and WC were independently associated with MS. CONCLUSIONS: AI presented high frequency of MS and was independently associated with MS. Possible deleterious effects of cortisol secretion seem to initially affect the muscular system.
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Absorciometria de Fóton/métodos , Neoplasias das Glândulas Suprarrenais/complicações , Composição Corporal , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Fenótipo , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/etiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Crude glycerol, the main by-product of the biodiesel industry, is a material containing compounds considered recalcitrant to microorganisms. The aims of this study were to determine the anaerobic biodegradability and the methane production potential (MPP) of different crude glycerols generated from the transesterification of oils from several kinds of seeds and/or beans, and the anaerobic toxicity of crude glycerol obtained from a mixture of soybean and cottonseed oils. All tests were based on specific methanogenic activity assays (SMA). The biodegradability tests and the MPP assays lasted 30 days. Toxicity was evaluated through the statistical technique of factorial design and a response surface was generated in which the concentrations of crude glycerol and glucose were the independent variables and SMA was the dependent variable. The results showed that the type of seed or bean, as well as the transesterification process, affected the anaerobic biodegradability. Biodegradability ranged between 65.9 and 85.6% and MPP, between 0.220 and 0.322 m(3) CH(4)/kg crude glycerol. The toxicity test showed that crude glycerol was not toxic to anaerobic sludge.
Assuntos
Biodegradação Ambiental , Biocombustíveis/análise , Glicerol/metabolismo , Metano/metabolismo , Anaerobiose , Glicerol/química , Resíduos Industriais , Metano/química , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da ÁguaRESUMO
This work aims to evaluate the hydrodynamic properties of the sludge bed of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors based on its settleability and expansion characteristics. The methodologies used for the evaluation of the settleability of aerobic activated sludge, and for the expansibility of a sludge bed of Expanded Granular Sludge Bed reactors and Fluidised Bed Reactors were adapted and applied to the particular characteristics of the sludge of UASB reactors. An easy-to-build experimental set-up was developed to assess the parameters necessary for the equations of settleability and of expansibility. The results obtained from the sludges of seven differently operated reactors show that, for the treatment of low strength wastewater, settleability increased and expansibility decreased at decreased hydraulic retention time, from 6 to 1 h, and/or increased influent concentrations, from 136 to approximately 800 mg chemical oxygen demand/L. The results also show that it is useless to design an UASB reactor with a longer hydraulic retention time to cope with hydraulic shock loads, as a more expansible sludge will develop at such condition.
Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos , Hidrodinâmica , Esgotos/análise , Purificação da Água/instrumentação , Purificação da Água/métodos , Cinética , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
PURPOSE: Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent side effect in patients with cancer. We investigate the effect of atorvastatin (ATV), a cholesterol-lowering drug, on OM induced by 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in hamsters. METHODS: OM was induced by the i.p. administration of 5-FU, with excoriations of the cheek pouch mucosa. The animals were pretreated with i.p. ATV 1, 5 or 10 mg/kg or vehicle (saline and 5% (vol/vol) ethanol) 30 min before 5-FU injection and daily for 5 or 10 days. Samples of cheek pouches and main organs were removed for histopathological analysis, determination of TNF-α, IL-1ß, nitrite, non-protein sulfhydryl group (NP-SH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay and immunohistochemistry for induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Blood was collected for a leukogram analysis of biochemical parameters and analysis of bacteremia. RESULTS: ATV at doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg reduced mucosal damage and inflammation, as well as the levels of cytokines, nitrite and myeloperoxidase activity on the 5th and 10th day of OM and immunostaining for iNOS on the 5th day of OM.ATV at 1 mg/kg increased cheek pouch NP-SH when compared to 5-FU groups on the 10th day of OM. The association between ATV 5 mg/kg and 5-FU decreased the survival rate, amplified the leukopenia of animals, increased transaminase serum levels and caused liver lesions. We also detected the presence of Gram-negative bacillus in the blood of 100% of the animals treated with ATV 5 mg/kg + 5-FU. CONCLUSIONS: Atorvastatin prevented mucosal damage and inflammation associated with 5-FU-induced OM, but the association of a higher dose of ATV with 5-FU induced hepatotoxicity and amplified leukopenia.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/toxicidade , Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Fluoruracila/toxicidade , Ácidos Heptanoicos/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/uso terapêutico , Pirróis/uso terapêutico , Estomatite/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Atorvastatina , Bacteriemia/induzido quimicamente , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Doença Hepática Induzida por Substâncias e Drogas/etiologia , Cricetinae , Citocinas/metabolismo , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ácidos Heptanoicos/efeitos adversos , Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases/efeitos adversos , Leucopenia/induzido quimicamente , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Mucosa Bucal/efeitos dos fármacos , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Nitritos/metabolismo , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Pirróis/efeitos adversos , Estomatite/induzido quimicamente , Estomatite/patologia , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismoRESUMO
The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to control periodontal tissue inflammation and to produce predictable regeneration of that part of the periodontium which has been lost as a result of periodontal disease. In guided tissue regeneration membranes function as mechanical barriers, excluding the epithelium and gingival corium from the root surface and allowing regeneration by periodontal ligament cells. This report aims to study the effect of glutaraldehyde (GA) cross-linking on mineralized polyanionic collagen (PAC) membranes by conducting a histological evaluation of the tissue response (biocompatibility) and by assessing the biodegradation of subcutaneous membrane implants in rats. We studied six different samples: a PAC, a PAC mineralized by alternate soaking processes for either 25 or 75 cycles (PAC 25 and PAC 75, respectively) and these films cross-linked by GA. Inflammatory infiltrate, cytokine dosage, fibrosis capsule thickness, metalloproteinase immunohistochemistry and membrane biodegradation after 1, 7, 15 and 30 days were measured. The inflammatory response was found to be more intense in membranes without cross-linking, while the fibrosis capsules became thicker in cross-linked membranes after 30 days. The membranes without cross-linking suffered intense biodegradation, while the membranes with cross-linking remained intact after 30 days. The cross-linking with GA reduced the inflammatory response and prevented degradation of the membranes over the entire course of the observation period. These membranes are thus an attractive option when the production of new bone depends on the prolonged presence of a mechanical barrier.
Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis , Colágeno , Reagentes de Ligações Cruzadas/química , Glutaral/química , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada Periodontal , Polímeros/química , Implantes Absorvíveis , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/metabolismo , Bovinos , Colágeno/química , Colágeno/metabolismo , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada Periodontal/instrumentação , Regeneração Tecidual Guiada Periodontal/métodos , Implantes Experimentais , Inflamação/metabolismo , Inflamação/patologia , Teste de Materiais , Metaloproteases/metabolismo , Doenças Periodontais/metabolismo , Doenças Periodontais/patologia , Doenças Periodontais/terapia , Polieletrólitos , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
The market for coconut water causes environmental problems as it is one of the major agro-industrial solid wastes in some developing countries. With the aim of reusing the coconut husk, Embrapa developed a system for processing this raw material. During the dewatering stage Coconut Husk Liquor (CHL) is generated with chemical oxygen demand (COD) varying from 60 to 70 g/L due to high concentrations of sugars and tannins. The present study evaluated the feasibility of anaerobic treatment of CHL through Anaerobic Toxicity Assay and the operation of a lab-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor. Results showed that CHL can be treated through a UASB reactor operating with an OLR that reaches up to 10 kg/m3.d and that is maintained stable during the whole operation. With this operational condition, the removal efficiency was higher than 80% for COD and approximately 78% for total tannins, and biogas production was 20 m3 of biogas or 130 KWh per m3 of CHL. Seventy-five percent of the biogas composition was methane and toxicity tests demonstrated that CHL was not toxic to the methanogenic consortia. Conversely, increasing the concentration of CHL leads to increased methanogenic activity.
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Reatores Biológicos , Cocos , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , AnaerobioseRESUMO
The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT) and influent COD concentration (CODInf) on Specific Methanogenic Activity (SMA) and the biodegradability of an anaerobic sludge need to be elucidated because of the discordant results available in literature. This information is important for the operation of anaerobic reactors and design of the sludge post-treatment unit. For this study, sludge samples obtained from eight pilot-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors were tested. The reactors were fed with municipal wastewater and operated with different sets of HRT and influent concentrations until the steady state was established. The results show that at a lower HRT, sludge with relatively higher SMA develops. A slight trend of declining SMA at increasing CODInf was found for reactors operated at longer HRTs; however, further experiments are necessary for more definitive conclusions. The sludge from reactors operated at longer HRTs and with lower CODInf resulted in lower biodegradability. Results also showed that it is ineffective to design a UASB reactor with a longer HRT to cope with organic shock loads.
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Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Metano/metabolismo , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Mucositis induced by anti-neoplastic drugs is an important, dose-limiting and costly side effect of cancer therapy. AIM: To evaluate the effect of oral glutamine and alanyl-glutamine, a more stable glutamine derivative, on 5-FU-induced oral mucositis in hamsters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral mucositis was induced by two intraperitoneal (i.p) administrations of 5-FU on the first and second days of the experiment (60 and 40 mg/kg, respectively) followed by mechanical trauma on the fourth day in male hamsters. Animals received saline, glutamine or alanyl-glutamine suspension (100 mM) 1 h before the injections of 5-FU and daily until sacrifice, on the 10th or 14th day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were evaluated and graded. Tissues from the cheek pouches were harvested for measurement of myeloperoxidase activity and glutathione stores. For investigation of serum concentration of glutamine, blood was obtained by heart puncture from anesthetized animals before sacrifice, on day 10. RESULTS: Treatment with glutamine and alanyl-glutamine reduced macroscopic and histological parameters of oral mucositis, and reduced the myeloperoxidase activity on day 14, but not on day 10. The 5-FU-induced oral mucositis significantly decreased the serum glutamine levels as well as the cheek pouch glutathione stores observed on day 10. Glutamine or alanyl-glutamine administration reversed the 5-FU effects, restoring serum glutamine levels and cheek pouch glutathione stores, observed on day 10, but did not prevent oral mucositis on the tenth day. CONCLUSION: Glutamine or alanyl-glutamine accelerated the mucosal recovery increasing mucosal tissue glutathione stores, reducing inflammatory parameters and speeding reepithelization.
Assuntos
Antimetabólitos Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Dipeptídeos/uso terapêutico , Fluoruracila/toxicidade , Glutamina/uso terapêutico , Estomatite/induzido quimicamente , Estomatite/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Cricetinae , Glutamina/sangue , Glutationa/metabolismo , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , Infiltração de Neutrófilos/efeitos dos fármacos , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Estomatite/patologia , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Mucositis induced by antineoplastic drugs is an important, dose-limiting, and costly side effect of cancer therapy. AIM: To investigate the role of nitric oxide (NO) on the pathogenesis of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Oral mucositis was induced by two intraperitoneal (i.p) administrations of 5-FU on the first and second days of the experiment (60 and 40 mg/kg, respectively) in male hamsters. Animals were treated subcutaneously with saline (0.4 ml), 1,400 W (1 mg/kg), aminoguanidine (5 or 10 mg/kg) or Nphi-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) 1 h before the injections of 5-FU and daily until sacrifice, on the tenth day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were evaluated and graded. Tissues from the cheek pouches were harvested for measurement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, nitrite level, and immunohistochemistry for induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). RESULTS: Treatment with 1,400 W or aminoguanidine reduced macroscopic and histological parameters of oral mucositis, and reduced the inflammatory cell infiltration as detected by histopathology and by MPO activity. In contrast, the administration of L-NAME did not significantly reverse the inflammatory alterations induced by experimental mucositis. Increased NOS activity, nitrite level and immunostaining for iNOS were detected on the check pouch tissue of animals submitted to 5-FU-induced oral mucositis on the tenth day. CONCLUSION: These results suggest an important role of NO produced by iNOS in the pathogenesis of oral mucositis induced by 5-FU.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/toxicidade , Fluoruracila/toxicidade , Óxido Nítrico/fisiologia , Estomatite/induzido quimicamente , Estomatite/patologia , Animais , Cricetinae , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Masculino , Mesocricetus , Mucosa Bucal/patologia , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Estomatite/metabolismoRESUMO
In this investigation, the robustness and stability of UASB reactors was evaluated on the basis of four indicators: (i) COD removal efficiency; (ii) effluent variability; (iii) pH stability; and (iv) recovery time. The experiments were carried out using six pilot-scale UASB reactors fed with domestic sewage and operated under different operational conditions. After establishment of a "steady-state", organic and hydraulic shock loads (six times the loading rate during six hours) were imposed. The results show that the UASB reactors are robust systems with regards to COD removal efficiency and pH stability when exposed to shock loads. However, this reactor cannot attenuate the imposed fluctuation in the influent COD. A secondary treatment unit is needed to retain the expelled sludge occurring as a result of a hydraulic shock load, or prior to the shock, a sufficient amount of sludge needs to be discharged from the reactor.
Assuntos
Anaerobiose , Esgotos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
In this investigation, the performance of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactors treating municipal wastewater was evaluated on the basis of: (i) COD removal efficiency, (ii) effluent variability, and (iii) pH stability. The experiments were performed using 8 pilot-scale UASB reactors (120 L) from which some of them were operated with different influent COD (CODInf ranging from 92 to 816 mg/L) and some at different hydraulic retention time (HRT ranging from 1 to 6 h). The results show that decreasing the CODInf, or lowering the HRT, leads to decreased efficiencies and increased effluent variability. During this experiment, the reactors could treat efficiently sewage with concentration as low as 200 mg COD/L. They could also be operated satisfactorily at an HRT as low as 2 hours, without problems of operational stability. The maximum COD removal efficiency can be achieved at CODInf exceeding 300 mg/L and HRT of 6h.
Assuntos
Bactérias Anaeróbias/metabolismo , Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Brasil , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Metano/metabolismo , Esgotos/microbiologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is the most frequent cause of tooth loss in adults. Nitric oxide (NO) has been linked to bone resorption mechanisms during inflammation processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NOS (NO synthase) inhibitors in the alveolar bone loss in an experimental periodontitis disease (EPD) model. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to a ligature placement around the second upper left molars and were sacrificed at 11 days. Alveolar bone loss was evaluated by the sum of distances between the cusp tips and the alveolar bone along the axis of each molar root, subtracting from the contralateral side. Histopathological analysis was based on cell influx, alveolar bone, and cementum integrity. Leukogram was performed at 6 hours and 1, 7, and 11 days after the EPD induction. Groups were treated with the NOS inhibitors, aminoguanidine (AG) (2.5 to 10 mg/kg/d), or L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 5 to 20 mg/kg/d) intraperitoneally (i.p.), 1 hour before the EPD induction and daily for 11 days. Controls received only saline (EPD group). As controls for L-NAME specificity, groups were co-treated with either L-arginine (150 to 600 mg/kg/d) or D-arginine (600 mg/kg/d) and L-NAME (20 mg/kg/d). Different groups were used for morphometric and histopathological analysis. RESULTS: Both L-NAME and AG significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the alveolar bone loss as compared to EPD group. L-NAME (20 mg/kg/d) reduced the alveolar bone loss by 50%, whereas AG (5 mg/kg/d) reduced it by 47% compared to EPD. This result was coupled to a significant reduction of cell influx to the periodontium, as well as to the preservation of alveolar bone and cementum, seen at histopathology, for both compounds. The co-administration of L-arginine, but not of D-arginine reversed L-NAME effects. CONCLUSION: These data provide evidence that NOS inhibitors prevent inflammatory bone resorption in experimental periodontitis.
Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/prevenção & controle , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Periodontite/complicações , Perda do Osso Alveolar/enzimologia , Animais , Guanidinas/farmacologia , Ligadura , NG-Nitroarginina Metil Éster/farmacologia , Periodontite/enzimologia , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The role of nitric oxide (NO) on bone metabolism is controversial, since it can either stimulate bone formation or resorption. We investigated the effect of local administration of the NO donor isosorbide in an experimental periodontal disease model. METHODS: Wistar rats were subjected to a ligature placement around the cervix of the right second upper molar and were sacrificed after 11 days. Alveolar bone loss was measured in one quadrant as the sum of the distances between the cuspid tip and the alveolar bone along the axis of each molar root, which was subtracted from the contralateral side, used as unligated control. The semiquantitative histopathological scale of the periodontium was based on cell infiltration and alveolar bone and cementum integrity. Groups were treated with a gel containing 1% or 5% isosorbide applied to the vestibular side of the molar gingiva 1 hour before the placement of the ligature and then twice daily until sacrifice. Controls included one group subjected to periodontitis and no treatment (NT) and another that received the gel containing just the vehicle (V). RESULTS: The application of the vehicle gel produced an increase of the alveolar bone resorption, without altering the inflammatory changes, compared to the NT group. The 5% isosorbide produced a significant reduction of the alveolar bone resorption, compared to V and NT. This reduction was confirmed by histological analysis, showing less inflammatory cell infiltration and preservation of the cementum and the alveolar process. CONCLUSION: Local application of isosorbide reduces alveolar bone resorption in experimental periodontal disease in rats, suggesting a local anti-inflammatory effect of isosorbide.
Assuntos
Perda do Osso Alveolar/prevenção & controle , Isossorbida/uso terapêutico , Doadores de Óxido Nítrico/uso terapêutico , Periodontite/prevenção & controle , Perda do Osso Alveolar/patologia , Processo Alveolar/efeitos dos fármacos , Processo Alveolar/patologia , Animais , Cemento Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Cemento Dentário/patologia , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Gengiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Gengiva/patologia , Dente Molar/patologia , Ligamento Periodontal/efeitos dos fármacos , Ligamento Periodontal/patologia , Veículos Farmacêuticos , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
Steatotic grafts are considered a risk factor for dysfunction or even primary nonfunction of liver transplants; grafts with more than 50% fatty infiltration are routinely discarded. This retrospective study evaluated the impact of macrovesicular and microvesicular steatosis on postoperative initial liver function and prognosis by comparing outcomes to nonsteatotic grafts in 48 liver transplantation patients. Fifteen grafts had macrovesicular steatosis, 13 (27.09%) up to 50% fatty infiltration (MG2), and 2 (4.16%) more than 50% (MG3). Thirty-three (69.75%) grafts had no macrovesicular steatosis (MG1). Initial liver function was adequate in 26 (78.78%), 10 (76.93), and 2 (100%) patients, respectively, in subgroups MG1, MG2, and MG3 (P =.892). Thirty-day survival rates were 90.90%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, in subgroups MG1, MG2, and MG3 (P =.606). Twenty-six grafts showed microvesicular steatosis: 18 (37.50%) showed less than 50% fatty infiltration (mG2), and 8 (16.67%) more than 50% (mG3). Twenty-two (45.83%) grafts had no microvesicular steatosis (mG1). Initial liver function was adequate in 16 (72.72%), 16 (88.88%), and 6 (75%) patients, respectively, in subgroups mG1, mG2, and mG3 (P =.547). Thirty-day survival rates were 90.90%, 100%, and 87.5% respectively, in subgroups mG1, mG2, and mG3 (P =.380). In conclusion, macrovesicular and microvesicular steatotic liver grafts displayed adequate initial function, did not compromise survival, and thus should not be routinely discarded.
Assuntos
Fígado Gorduroso , Transplante de Fígado/fisiologia , Doadores de Tecidos , Adulto , Fígado Gorduroso/classificação , Fígado Gorduroso/epidemiologia , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Transplante de Fígado/fisiologia , Doadores de Tecidos/provisão & distribuição , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Função Hepática , Transplante de Fígado/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pacientes , Recusa em Tratar , Estudos Retrospectivos , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Circulação Hepática/fisiologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão/prevenção & controle , Silimarina/farmacologia , Verapamil/farmacologia , Animais , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/farmacologia , Fígado/irrigação sanguínea , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/ultraestrutura , Circulação Hepática/efeitos dos fármacos , Medições Luminescentes , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Junções Íntimas/efeitos dos fármacos , Junções Íntimas/ultraestrutura , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
We report herein the case of a 46-year-old woman investigated for recurrent acute cholangitis. Ultrasound, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, and computed tomography scan revealed dilatation and multiple images suggestive of intrahepatic biliary stones in the ducts that drained segments V and VI of the liver. Endoscopic treatment was attempted unsuccessfully, and based on the severity of the last crisis of cholangitis a laparotomy was performed. A right hepatic lobectomy including segments V and VI was carried out without any complications, resulting in complete relief of symptoms. Pathological examination of the liver demonstrated the presence of worm nests in the liver parenchyma with chronic granulomatous lesions.