RESUMO
Viruses of the species Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) and Bean common mosaic necrosis virus (BCMNV) were simultaneously detected by the different size of PCR amplicons in lima bean plants (Phaseolus lunatus) displaying deforming mosaic symptoms in Peru. Phylogenetic analysis of partial deduced CP amino acid sequences indicated that the Peruvian BCMV isolates belong to new strains. One isolate differed from the other Peruvian isolates, and also from the ten previously described BCMV strains recognized by responses on differential bean varieties. The sequence of the 3'-proximal part (2547 nucleotides) of the genome confirmed that this isolate also belongs to BCMV.
Assuntos
Vírus do Mosaico/isolamento & purificação , Vírus do Mosaico/patogenicidade , Phaseolus/virologia , Potyvirus/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Afídeos/virologia , Sequência de Bases , Proteínas do Capsídeo/química , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , DNA Complementar/biossíntese , DNA Viral/análise , Escherichia coli/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Vírus do Mosaico/genética , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico , Peru , Filogenia , Doenças das Plantas/virologia , Folhas de Planta/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Potyvirus/genética , RNA Viral/análise , RNA Viral/genética , RNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Sementes/virologia , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Homologia de Sequência de Aminoácidos , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido NucleicoRESUMO
In a prospective follow-up study, 60 children exposed to alcohol in utero were assessed by a psychologist (Bayley Mental scale) and a speech therapist (Reynell Verbal Comprehension scale) at a mean age of 27 months. Many mothers had been able to reduce their alcohol consumption during pregnancy, so the children could be divided into those exposed to heavy drinking during the first trimester only (group 1, n = 20), those exposed during the first and second trimesters (group 2, n = 20), and those exposed throughout pregnancy (group 3, n = 20). Forty-eight nonexposed children were examined to set the -2 SD limit for subnormal performance on the Bayley and Reynell tests. No definite effect of alcohol exposure on mental or language development was found in group 1. Children in group 3 scored significantly lower than children in group 1 both on the Bayley Mental scale and on the Reynell Verbal Comprehension scale; delay in language development was seen more often in group 2 than in group 1. The diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome was made in seven children (one in group 2 and six in group 3) and the diagnosis of fetal alcohol effects in 13 children (one in group 1, three in group 2, and nine in group 3). Efforts should be made to identify and find proper treatment for women who drink alcohol early in their pregnancies.