RESUMO
Ischemic preconditioning (IP) is a powerful cardioprotective cellular mechanism that has been related to the "warm-up phenomenon" or "walk-through" angina, and has been documented through the use of sequential exercise tests (ETs). It is known that several drugs, for example, cromokalim, pinacidil, adenosine, and nicorandil, can interfere with the cellular pathways of IP. The purpose of this article is to report the effect of the anti-ischemic agent trimetazidine (TMZ) on IP in symptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.We conducted a prospective study evaluating IP by the analysis of ischemic parameters in 2 sequential ETs. In phase I, without TMZ, patients underwent ET1 and ET2 with a 30-minute interval between them. In phase II, after 1 week of TMZ 35âmg twice daily, all patients underwent 2 consecutive ETs (ET3 and ET4). IP was considered present when the time to 1.0-mm segment ST on electrocardiogram deviation (T-1.0âmm) and rate pressure product (RPP) were greater in the second of 2 tests. The improvement in T-1.0âmm and RPP were compared in the 2 phases: without TMZ and after 1-week TMZ to assess the action of such drug in myocardial protective mechanisms. ETs were analyzed by 2 independent cardiologists.From 135 CAD patients screened, 96 met inclusion criteria and 62 completed the study protocol. Forty patients manifested IP by demonstrating an improvement in T-1.0âmm in ET2 compared with ET1, without the use of any drugs (phase I). In phase II, after 1-week TMZ, 26 patients (65%) did not show any incremental result in ischemic parameters in ET4 compared with ET3. Furthermore, of these patients, 8 (20%) had IP blockage.In this study, TMZ did not add any benefit to IP in patients with stable symptomatic CAD.
Assuntos
Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Precondicionamento Isquêmico/métodos , Trimetazidina/farmacologia , Idoso , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/fisiopatologia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/terapia , Monitoramento de Medicamentos/métodos , Eletrocardiografia , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Gravidade do Paciente , Estudos Prospectivos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologiaRESUMO
The study aimed to study the effects of garlic supplementation on ruminal flora and on weight gain in feedlot lambs. Fourteen animals were divided into two groups (treated and control). The garlic supplementation did not increase weight gain but induced a reduction of ruminal flora activity.
Assuntos
Animais , Alho , Ovinos , Ração Animal , Suplementos NutricionaisRESUMO
The study aimed to study the effects of garlic supplementation on ruminal flora and on weight gain in feedlot lambs. Fourteen animals were divided into two groups (treated and control). The garlic supplementation did not increase weight gain but induced a reduction of ruminal flora activity.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos , Alho , Ração Animal , Suplementos NutricionaisRESUMO
The correction norms for the Mini-Mult 82 (71 items from Kincannon's MMPI short form, plus 11 representative items from 5(Mf) Scale from the same test--developed by the authors--) are presented. A 1,343 normal, over 15-year-old Costarrican subjects sample was tested. Correction norms were obtained successfully. More reliable scores were obtained by using the Mini-Mult 82 as an independent test (i.e. without MMPI's score predictions). Statistical differences in F, 1(Hs), 2(D), 3(Hy), 4(Pd), 5(Mf) and 8(Sc) scales were found when gender was controlled. "T" scores were computed for raw scores on each scale. Additional research is suggested to improve the test's reliability and validity characteristics.
Assuntos
MMPI/normas , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The correction norms for the Mini-Mult 82 (71 items from Kincannons MMPI short form, plus 11 representative items from 5(Mf) Scale from the same test--developed by the authors--) are presented. A 1,343 normal, over 15-year-old Costarrican subjects sample was tested. Correction norms were obtained successfully. More reliable scores were obtained by using the Mini-Mult 82 as an independent test (i.e. without MMPIs score predictions). Statistical differences in F, 1(Hs), 2(D), 3(Hy), 4(Pd), 5(Mf) and 8(Sc) scales were found when gender was controlled. [quot ]T[quot ] scores were computed for raw scores on each scale. Additional research is suggested to improve the tests reliability and validity characteristics.