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OBJECTIVE: To compare two respiratory muscle training programs for improving the functional autonomy of institutionalized elderly. METHODS: Clinical randomized trial conducted at a long stay institution with 42 elderly volunteers that were divided into three groups: Group ® Threshold (GT) with mean age (70.93 ± 8.41), Group Voldyne ® (GV) (70.54 ± 7.73) and Control Group (CG) (73.92 ± 7.28). Groups GT and GV were treated with breathing exercises and muscle training by Threshold and Voldyne, respectively while the CG did just breathing exercises. Training of groups took 10 weeks. To assess the functional autonomy, the elderly were evaluated before and after training, according to the GDLAM protocol. RESULTS: All intra-group comparison (pre x post-test) showed a significant difference in GT for all tests (C10M: Δ% = -20.57, p = 0.0001; LPS: Δ% = -13.53, p = 0.020; VTC: Δ% = -27.96, p = 0.0001; LCLC: Δ% = -18.71, p = 0.0001 and IG:% Δ = -18.43, p = 0.0001), except in LPDV. In GV there was a significant difference only (p <0.05) for the C10M (% Δ = -17.11, p = 0.004). In the comparison between (post x post), there was a statistical significance (p <0.05) for VTC test between the GT and GV (Δ = -3.62%, p = 0.017), with favorable results for the GT. Similarly, there was a statistical difference (p <0.05) in GT C10M (% Δ = -3.83, p = 0.023), LCLC (Δ = -34.02%, p = 0.012) and IG (Δ% = -13.63, p = 0.004) compared to GC. CONCLUSION: The trained groups improved functional autonomy, reaching 27.42; considered to be a weak level in both pre-and post-training.

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RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Comparar dois programas de treinamento muscular respiratório, na melhoria da autonomia funcional de idosos institucionalizados. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico experimental aleatorizado, realizado numa instituição de longa permanência, com 42 idosos, divididos em grupos: Grupo Threshold® (GT; n=14; idade 70,93±8,41), Grupo Voldyne® (GV; n=14; idade 70,54±7,73) e Grupo Controle (GC; n=14; idade 73,92±7,28). Os grupos GT e GV foram tratados com exercícios respiratórios e treinamento muscular com Threshold e Voldyne, respectivamente, e o GC realizou apenas exercícios respiratórios. O treinamento teve duração de 10 semanas. Para avaliação da autonomia funcional, foi utilizado o protocolo de GDLAM. RESULTADOS: Na comparação intragrupos (pré x pós-teste) houve diferença significativa no GT para todos os testes (índice de GLDAM - IG: Δ por cento= -18,43, p=0,0001), com exceção do levantar da posição de decúbito ventral. No GV só houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) para o teste de caminhar 10 metros - C10m (Δ por cento= -17,11; p=0,004). Na comparação intergrupos (pós x pós), houve uma significância estatística (p<0,05) para o teste vestir e tirar a camiseta entre o GT e o GV (Δ por cento= -3,62; p=0,017), sendo os resultados favoráveis ao GT. Semelhantemente houve diferença estatística do GT no C10m (Δ por cento= -3,83; p=0,023), levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa - LCLC (Δ por cento= -34,02; p=0,012) e IG (Δ por cento= -13,63; p=0,004) em relação ao GC. CONCLUSÃO: Os grupos treinados obtiveram níveis de autonomia funcional, acima de 27,42; considerado fraco tanto no pré e pós-treinamento.

OBJECTIVE: To compare two respiratory muscle training programs for improving the functional autonomy of institutionalized elderly. METHODS: Clinical randomized trial conducted at a long stay institution with 42 elderly volunteers that were divided into three groups: Group ® Threshold (GT) with mean age (70.93 ± 8.41), Group Voldyne ® (GV) (70.54 ± 7.73) and Control Group (CG) (73.92 ± 7.28). Groups GT and GV were treated with breathing exercises and muscle training by Threshold and Voldyne, respectively while the CG did just breathing exercises. Training of groups took 10 weeks. To assess the functional autonomy, the elderly were evaluated before and after training, according to the GDLAM protocol. RESULTS: All intra-group comparison (pre x post-test) showed a significant difference in GT for all tests (C10M: Δ percent = -20.57, p = 0.0001; LPS: Δ percent = -13.53, p = 0.020; VTC: Δ percent = -27.96, p = 0.0001; LCLC: Δ percent = -18.71, p = 0.0001 and IG: percent Δ = -18.43, p = 0, 0001), except in LPDV. In GV there was a significant difference only (p <0.05) for the C10M ( percent Δ = -17.11, p = 0.004). In the comparison between (post x post), there was a statistical significance (p <0.05) for VTC test between the GT and GV (Δ = -3.62 percent, p = 0.017), with favorable results for the GT. Similarly, there was a statistical difference (p <0.05) in GT C10M ( percent Δ = -3.83, p = 0.023), LCLC (Δ = -34.02 percent, p = 0.012) and IG (Δ percent = -13.63, p = 0.004) compared to GC. CONCLUSION: The trained groups improved functional autonomy, reaching 27.42; considered to be a weak level in both pre-and post-training.

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O estudo foi investigar os efeitos do treinamento funcional no equilíbrio postural, funcionalautonomia e qualidade de vida de idosos ativos. A amostra foi dividida aleatoriamente em Grupo Funcional Formação (GFT) e grupo controle (GC), com idade entre 67 ± 6 e 65 ± 5 anos (de idade), respectivamente. a seguir Foram utilizados protocolos: Berg Balance Scale (EEB, o equilíbrio postural), Grupo Latino-Americano de Desenvolvimento para Maturidade (GDLAM, autonomia funcional) e da Organização Mundial da Saúde de Qualidade de Vida (WHOQOL - idade, qualidade de vida). A análise descritiva e inferencial através do teste de normalidade de Shapiro-Wilk foi realizada para avaliar os dados. Foram utilizados os testes de Kruskal-Wallis ou Two-Way Anova para a avaliação do intergroupdifference seguido teste post-hoc de Scheffe, respectivamente. Havia apenas (Δ% = 24,88%, p = 0,0001) e entre os grupos significativa diferença intragrupo (Δ% = 42,22%, p = 0,0001) para a variável grupo de treinamento funcional (GTF) na balança, a autonomia funcional em todas as variáveis ​​em que o índice geral (IG) obtidos valores de (Δ% = -37,14%, p = 0,001); e a qualidade de vida na variável áreas relacionadas com a autonomia, participação social, morte e morrer e intimidade, o índice global de qualidade de vida (QVG de idade) obtidos os seguintes resultados (Δ% = -1,41%, p = 0,001). Em conclusão, os resultados desta estudo fornecem evidência o GTF foi menos tempo na realização de testes de equilíbrio, autonomia funcional, reflectindo a melhoria da qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas.

The study was to investigate the effects of functional training on postural balance, functional autonomy and quality of life for active seniors. The sample was randomly divided into Group Functional Training (GFT) and control group (CG), aged 67±6 and 65± 5 years (old), respectively. The following protocols were used: Berg Balance Scale (EEB, postural balance), Latin American Group of Development for Maturity (GDLAM, functional autonomy) and World Health Organization of Quality of Life ( WHOQOL – old , quality of life). Descriptive and inferential analysis using Shapiro-Wilk’s normality test was performed to evaluate the data. The Kruskal-Wallis test or Two-way ANOVA test were used for the evaluation of the intergroupdifference followed Scheffe post-hoc test, respectively. There was only (∆% = 24.88%, p = 0.0001) and between groups significant intra group difference (∆% = 42.22%, p = 0.0001) for the functional training group (GTF) variable in the balance, the functional autonomy in all variables where the general index (GI) obtained values of (∆% = -37,14%, p = 0,001); and the variable quality of life in areas relating to autonomy, social participation, death and dying and intimacy, the overall index of quality of life (OQL-old) obtained the following results(∆% = -1,41%, p = 0,001). In conclusion the results of this study provide evidence the GTF was less time in the performance of balance tests, functional autonomy, reflecting the improved quality of life of elderly.

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