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Kunitz-type peptide expression has been described in the venom of snakes of the Viperidae, Elapidae and Colubridae families. This work aimed to identify these peptides in the venom gland transcriptome of the coral snake Micrurus mipartitus. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a high diversity of venom-associated Kunitz serine protease inhibitor proteins (KSPIs). A total of eight copies of KSPIs were predicted and grouped into four distinctive types, including short KSPI, long KSPI, Kunitz-Waprin (Ku-WAP) proteins, and a multi-domain Kunitz-type protein. From these, one short KSPI showed high identity with Micrurus tener and Austrelaps superbus. The long KSPI group exhibited similarity within the Micrurus genus and showed homology with various elapid snakes and even with the colubrid Pantherophis guttatus. A third group suggested the presence of Kunitz domains in addition to a whey-acidic-protein-type four-disulfide core domain. Finally, the fourth group corresponded to a transcript copy with a putative 511 amino acid protein, formerly annotated as KSPI, which UniProt classified as SPINT1. In conclusion, this study showed the diversity of Kunitz-type proteins expressed in the venom gland transcriptome of M. mipartitus.

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INTRODUCTION: Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is a plant from the Lamiaceae family that has been used as ancestral food, medicine, and oil, with culinary, artistic, and religious purposes by most of the Mesoamerican civilizations. Native from Mesoamerica, introduced into South America, Australia, and Europe, it is presently consumed as a nutritional and functional food. OBJECTIVE: This research aims to characterize ancient native cultivars from four provenances in Guatemala to recommend their direct consumption by the population as well as to establish its trade. METHOD: Seed samples were collected in four places where they have been cultivated for several generations. The oil was obtained by expression and analyzed chemically by gas chromatography following standard qualitative and quantitative methods. RESULTS: Variations in oil yield and some of the characteristic parameters of the phytochemical analysis were obtained. In general, the profile was similar to most of the reported data in the literature, with the saturated fatty acids (8.54-9.25%) relatively lower than the references (7.95-11.45%) but a higher concentration of unsaturated fatty oils, particularly of omega-3 (64.68-68.62%). CONCLUSION: The oil from native cultivars contains high quantities of omega-3, which might help pregnant women during gestation and to control other conditions such as metabolic syndrome, particularly in low- and middle-income populations where these seeds are consumed regularly. The suggestion is made to encourage the cultivation and use of these ancestral seeds with the possibility of commercialization abroad with an appellation of origin label.

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Objective: To determine the prevalence of dental anomalies of size and shape in patients aged 6 to 17 years, treated in Huánuco from 2019 to 2022. Methodology: The study was descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional with a sample of 362 Panoramic radiographs of patients 6 to 17 years of age. I make detailed observations for each observation sheet, the patient's age, sex, dental shape and size alterations, the type of dentition presented, the affected quadrant and the type of dental piece. Results: A higher prevalence of dental anomaly of shape was found with 85.10% (308) and of size with 14.9% (54). In relation to the quadrant, the tooth with rhizomycorrhexis presented the highest prevalence with 18.5% (10) in quadrant II while macrodontia presented 13.0% (7) in quadrant I and II, while the shape alteration of the shovel tooth presented the highest prevalence in quadrant II with 24.5% (76). Conclusion: There is a higher prevalence of shape anomalies as opposed to size anomalies that were less prevalent in the research work, being the female sex and the age group 11 to 17 years the most prevalent.

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Copper (Cu) is important for plant growth, but high concentrations can lead to detrimental effects such as primary root length inhibition, vegetative tissue chlorosis, and even plant death. The interaction between plant-soil microbiota and roots can potentially affect metal mobility and availability, and, therefore, overall plant metal concentration. Cupriavidus metallidurans CH34 is a multi metal-resistant bacterial model that alters metal mobility and bioavailability through ion pumping, metal complexation, and reduction processes. The interactions between strain CH34 and plants may affect the growth, metal uptake, and translocation of Arabidopsis thaliana plants that are exposed to or not exposed to Cu. In this study, we looked also at the specific gene expression changes in C. metallidurans when co-cultured with Cu-exposed A. thaliana. We found that A. thaliana's rosette area, primary and secondary root growth, and dry weight were affected by strain CH34, and that beneficial or detrimental effects depended on Cu concentration. An increase in some plant growth parameters was observed at copper concentrations lower than 50 µM and significant detrimental effects were found at concentrations higher than 50 µM Cu. We also observed up to a 90% increase and 60% decrease in metal accumulation and mobilization in inoculated A. thaliana. In turn, copper-stressed A. thaliana altered C. metallidurans colonization, and cop genes that encoded copper resistance in strain CH34 were induced by the combination of A. thaliana and Cu. These results reveal the complexity of the plant-bacteria-metal triad and will contribute to our understanding of their applications in plant growth promotion, protection, and phytoremediation strategies.

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Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are an important tool for basic and translational research. Large amounts of MSC are required for in vitro and in vivo studies, however, the limited life-span and differentiation ability in vitro hamper their optimal use. Here we report that 1:1 mixture of L15 and mTeSR1 culture media increased the life-span of IPI-SA3-C4, a normal non-immortalized human subcutaneous preadipocyte strain by 20% while retaining their adipogenic capacity and stable karyotype. The increased proliferative capacity was accompanied by increased expression of the stem markers POU5F1, SOX2, MYC and hTERT, and inhibition of hTERT activity abolished the growth advantage of L15-mTeSR1. Consequently, the described MSC culture would considerably enhance the utility of MSC for in vitro studies.

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Murine 3T3 cell lines constitute a standard model system for in vitro study of mammalian adipogenesis although they do not faithfully reflect the biology of the human adipose cells. Several human adipose cell lines and strains have been used to recapitulate human adipogenesis in vitro, but to date there is no generally accepted in vitro model for human adipogenesis. We obtained a clonal strain of human subcutaneous adipose stromal cells, IPI-SA3-C4, and characterized its utility as an in vitro model for human subcutaneous adipogenesis. IPI-SA3-C4 cells showed a high proliferative potential for at least 30 serial passages, reached 70 cumulative population doublings and exhibited a population doubling time of 47 h and colony forming efficiency of 12% at the 57th cumulative population doublings. IPI-SA3-C4 cells remained diploid (46XY) even at the 56th cumulative population doublings and expressed the pluripotency markers POU5F1, NANOG, KLF4, and MYC even at 50th cumulative population doublings. Under specific culture conditions, IPI-SA3-C4 cells displayed cellular hallmarks and molecular markers of adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages and showed adipogenic capacity even at the 66th cumulative population doublings. These characteristics show IPI-SA3-C4 cells as a promising potential model for human subcutaneous adipogenesis in vitro.

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RESUMEN Paciente de sexo femenino de 42 años, con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, de 3 años de evolución, era tratada con empagliflozina/metformina. Intervenida quirúrgicamente por miomatosis uterina, presentó en el postoperatorio inmediato deterioro neurológico y acidosis metabólica, sin hiperglicemia, pero con desequilibrio hidroelectrolítico. Fue ingresada a terapia intensiva, requiriendo manejo invasivo con hemodiálisis y diálisis peritoneal por acidosis refractaria. Egresó luego de 17 días de estancia intrahospitalaria, en buenas condiciones generales.

ABSTRACT A 42-year-old female patient received a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus 3 years ago, and was treated with empagliflozin/metformin. She had a surgical intervention for uterine myomatosis, and presented immediately after the surgery neurological deterioration, metabolic acidosis without hyperglycemia, and hydroelectrolytic imbalance. She was admitted to the intensive care unit and required treatment with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis due to refractory acidosis. She was discharged in good condition after 17 days of hospitalization.

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Introducción: la enfermedad coronaria es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial; se sabe que la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) es un factor de riesgo importante para esta patología y que puede producir una forma asintomática o con manifestaciones atípicas. Objetivos: exponer los principales datos epidemiológicos, pronósticos y determinantes de la enfermedad coronaria asintomática en DM2 y discutir las formas de tamización y su utilidad en diabéticos asintomáticos. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, LILACS y SciELO usando las palabras clave "Diabetes Mellitus, type 2", "Coronary disease", "Coronary Artery Disease", "Coronary Vessels", "Atherosclerosis", "Arteriosclerosis", "Asymptomatic Diseases", "Asymptomatic", "Silent" y "Myocardcial infarction", ajustando la búsqueda según las necesidades de cada base de datos. Se incluyeron artículos que cumplieran los criterios de inclusión y no los de exclusión, a consideración de los autores, así como algunas referencias adicionales. Resultados: se revisó el título y resumen de 504 artículos encontrados en las bases de datos, tras lo cual se escogieron 81 para su lectura total. De ellos, 56 fueron incluidos, así como 48 publicaciones adicionales conocidas por los autores o referenciados en las artículos leídos, lo que dio un total de 104 artículos incluidos en la revisión final. Conclusiones: los pacientes con DM2 presentan altas prevalencias de enfermedad coronaria asintomática que aumentan en presencia de otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular o de mayor duración o progresión de la DM2. Si bien existen varios métodos anatómicos o funcionales para su detección, la tamización de esta población no ha mostrado beneficio alguno, por lo que no puede recomendarse de rutina en asintomáticos

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is well known that type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is an important risk factor for CAD, and that it can produce an asymptomatic form of the disease or one with atypical manifestations. The association between DM2 and coronary atherogenesis is such that CAD has been reported in up to 91% of asymptomatic diabetic patients, a higher prevalence than that of non-diabetic controls. In this narrative review we summarize the main epidemiologic, prognostic and determinant factors of asymptomatic CAD in DM2. We also discuss the screening methods available and the usefulness of routine screening for asymptomatic diabetics.

A doença coronária é uma das principais causas mundiais de morbi-mortalidade e a diabetes mellitus tipo 2 é um fator de risco importante, pode desenvolver-se de forma assintomática ou apresentando manifestações pouco comuns. Até 91% dos pacientes diabéticos apresentam doença coronária, um dado bem maior do que no caso dos pacientes no diabéticos. No presente artigo apresentam-se OS principados dados epidemiológicos, diagnósticos, pronósticos e determinantes da doença coronária em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2. Do mesmo jeito discute-se métodos diagnósticas

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Propósito: establecer un precedente sobre el estudio de los factores maternos que inciden en el bajo peso en recién nacidos a término en Hospital Nacional de Ilobasco a fin de sentar las bases para futuras investigaciones que conlleven a la implementación de estrategias de promoción y prevención que permitan la disminución de su incidencia. Materiales y Métodos: la investigación fue de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, que permitió realizar un análisis de los factores maternos que inciden en el bajo peso en recién nacidos a término; se desarrolló mediante una revisión documental de la Hoja CLAP dentro del Expediente materno. Resultados: de los expedientes revisados, 90% poseen algún grado de escolaridad; de éstas el 55% alcanzaron la primaria, el 27% la secundaria y solamente 8% alcanzaron nivel universitario. Del grupo revisado solamente el 9.6% no tenían ningún tipo de escolaridad. Conclusiones: de las madres con Recién Nacidos de bajo peso estudiadas, el 90% poseen algún grado de escolaridad, de éstos el 55 % alcanzó la primaria y el 27 % la secundaria; solamente el 10% no tenía ningún tipo de escolaridad. Recomendaciones: al Hospital Nacional de Ilobasco: Difundir en su personal médico los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación, con el fin de estimular nuevos estudios que permitan darle continuidad a fin de establecer los factores con mayor incidencia en los recién nacidos de bajo peso en esta población, así como la implementación de acciones para su prevención

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Las mujeres que experimentan síntomas de enfermedad coronaria muestran respuestas como negación, subvaloración y atribución de los síntomas a un origen no cardiaco. Este fenómeno se ha traducido en demora para consultar, disminución de la efectividad de los tratamientos, aparición de complicaciones e incremento de la mortalidad. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la eficacia de una estrategia de manejo cognitivo de los síntomas de enfermedad coronaria para mejorar las acciones de respuesta y los niveles de autoeficacia general en un grupo de mujeres participantes de un programa de rehabilitación cardiaca en dos instituciones de salud de la ciudad de Bogotá D.C. Este estudio se desarrolló a partir de un diseño tipo ensayo clínico controlado no aleatorizado. El grupo control recibió el manejo habitual del programa de rehabilitación cardiaca, mientras que el grupo experimental recibió la estrategia de manejo de enfermería elaborada a partir del Modelo Conceptual del Manejo del Síntoma de Dodd y colaboradores y de la Teoría de Rango Medio de Autoeficacia propuesta por Bárbara Resnick. Esta intervención se realizó en cuatro sesiones con un encuentro semanal. Las acciones de respuesta y los niveles de autoeficacia fueron evaluados al inicio, dos y cinco semanas después de finalizar la intervención. El análisis de resultados mostró una correlación positiva en el grupo experimental entre las acciones de respuesta y los niveles de autoeficacia general luego de la aplicación de la estrategia de manejo. Este hallazgo se mantiene en la medición intermedia y final. Con respecto al desenlace secundario, se demostró que la estrategia de manejo diseñada e implementada no fue más eficaz que la intervención convencional sobre el puntaje de autoeficacia general obtenido durante las mediciones preliminar, intermedia y posterior. Lo anterior comprueba la importancia de incluir elementos cognitivos y enfoque de género dentro de los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca.

The women that experience symptoms of coronary heart disease show responses such as denial, underestimation and, even, attributes the symptoms to a non-cardiac origin. This phenomenon has derived in a delay at the time of medical consultation, decrease in treatment effectiveness, medical complications and increase of mortality rate. This study aims to determinate the effectiveness of a cognitive management strategy in coronary heart disease, in order to improve response actions and general self-efficacy levels in a group of women who participated in a cardiac rehabilitation program at two health institutions in Bogotá (Colombia). This study was developed with a design type non-randomized controlled clinical trial of research. The control group received usual management within the cardiac rehabilitation program, while the experimental group received the nursing management strategy made from Dodd's et al. Conceptual Management Symptom Model and Resnick's middle range theory of self-efficacy. This intervention was carried out in four sessions scheduled during four weekends. Response actions and auto-efficacy levels were assessed in three moments: at baseline, two and five weeks after intervention was completed. Research results and analysis showed a positive correlation between response actions and self-efficacy actions after intervention with the management strategy in experimental group. This finding remained even in intermediate and final measurements. In relation to the secondary outcome, the study showed that the designed and implemented management strategy was not more effective compared to the conventional intervention in terms of general self-efficacy scores during preliminary, intermediate and final measurements. This confirms the importance to include items related to cognition and gender approach within rehabilitation cardiac rehabilitation programs.

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Definition of lichens has evolved from bi(tri)partite associations to multi-species symbioses, where bacteria would play essential roles. Besides, although soil bacterial communities are known to be affected by edaphic factors, when lichens grow upon them these could become less preponderant. We hypothesized that the structure of both the lichen microbiota and the microbiota in the soil underneath lichens is shaped by lichen intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this work, intrinsic factors corresponded to mycobiont and cyanobiont identities of Peltigera lichens, metabolite diversity and phenoloxidase activity and extrinsic factors involved the site of the forest where lichens grow. Likewise, the genetic and metabolic structure of the lichen and soil bacterial communities were analyzed by fingerprinting. Among the results, metabolite diversity was inversely related to the genetic structure of bacterial communities of lichens and soils, highlighting the far-reaching effect of these substances; while phenoloxidase activity was inversely related to the metabolic structure only of the lichen bacterial microbiota, presuming a more limited effect of the products of these enzymes. Soil bacterial microbiota was different depending on the site and, strikingly, according to the cyanobiont present in the lichen over them, which could indicate an influence of the photobiont metabolism on the availability of soil nutrients.

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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s13027-015-0027-8.].

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Propósito: Reforzar las técnicas y habilidades de consejería sobre lactancia materna del personal de salud que brinda información a las embarazadas que asisten a control prenatal en Unidad Comunitaria de Salud Familiar de San José Villanueva. Métodos: La investigación fue de tipo descriptivo, de corte transversal, con enfoque cualitativo, que permitió realizar un análisis de la percepción en Lactancia Materna de las madres embarazadas, se desarrolló mediante una entrevista semiestructurada a madres embarazadas que asisten a control prenatal. Resultados: El número de controles prenatales no incidió en el conocimiento sobre lactancia materna de las madres embarazadas entrevistadas. Casi todas las madres poseen creencias positivas sobre la lactancia materna ya que consideran que previene enfermedades de la infancia. Casi todas las entrevistadas reconocen los beneficios de la lactancia materna para el recién nacido pero desconocen los beneficios que esta tiene sobre la madre lactante. Conclusiones: Las madres embarazadas desconocen el término de "lactancia materna exclusiva", relacionan el término "exclusivo" con la leche producida por ellas mismas o con la "exclusividad" de utilizar un succedáneo.

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BACKGROUND: Viral infections and the burden of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasias (HIN) and invasive carcinomas (IC) associated to infections by human papillomavirus (HPV) types may be prevented by type-specific anti-HPV vaccines. This study determined the prevalence of HPV types in non-cervical HIN and IC diagnosed from 1999 to 2011 at a general hospital in San Luis Potosí, Mexico. METHODS: Review of the 67 formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded non-cervical specimens initially diagnosed as HIN (n = 28) or IC (n = 39) confirmed the presence of tumor tissue in 63 of them and changed the diagnosis of 24 from HIN to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias, that were excluded from the study. HPV DNA was detected with the SPF10-DNA enzyme immunoassay in the 39 cases included, and viral types in the HPV-positive tumors were identified with the INNO-LiPA linear probe array. RESULTS: Among the cases included, four HIN were located in the vagina (n = 3) and vulva (n = 1), and 35 IC in the oral cavity (n = 19), penis (n = 8), vagina (n = 7) and vulva (n = 1). There were 13 HPV-positive cases from the vagina (n = 7), vulva (n = 1), penis (n = 1) and oral cavity (n = 1). The viral types identified were the high-risk types HPV16 in the vagina (n = 3) and vulva (n = 3), HPV45 in the vagina (n = 2), HPV59 in the vagina (n = 1) and penis (n = 1), HPV33 in the vagina (n = 1),and HPV35 in the tongue(n = 1); and the low-risk types HPV54 in the vagina (n = 1), and HPV11 in the vulva (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: Five high-risk viral types (HPV16, 45, 59, 33 and 35) and two low-risk types (HPV11 and 54) infect one third of the non-cervical HIN and IC included. Most infections are by a single HPV high-risk type, the most prevalent one being HPV16. Vagina is the most frequent location of the HPV-positive tumors. Vaccination against HPV16 and HPV18 could have prevented around half of the HPV-positive tumors.

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The Xochimilco area in the southeastern part of Mexico City has a variety of socioeconomic activities, such as periurban agriculture, which is of great importance in the Mexico City metropolitan area. Pesticides are used extensively, some being legal, mostly chlorpyrifos and malathion, and some illegal, mostly DDT. Sediments are a common sink for pesticides in aquatic systems near agricultural areas, and Xochimilco sediments have a complex composition with high contents of organic matter and clay that are ideal adsorption sites for organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. Therefore, it is important to have a quick, affordable, and reliable method to determine these pesticides. Conventional methods for the determination of OC and OP pesticides are long, laborious, and costly owing to the high volume of solvents and adsorbents. The present study developed and validated a method for determining 18 OC and five OP pesticides in sediments with high organic and clay contents. In contrast with other methods described in the literature, this method allows isolation of the 23 pesticides with a 12 min microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and one-step cleanup of pesticides. The method developed is a simpler, time-saving procedure that uses only 3.5 g of dry sediment. The use of MAE eliminates excessive handling and the possible loss of analytes. It was shown that the use of LC-Si cartridges with hexane-ethyl acetate (75+25, v/v) in the cleanup procedure recovered all pesticides with rates between 70 and 120%. The validation parameters demonstrated good performance of the method, with intermediate precision ranging from 7.3 to 17.0%, HorRat indexes all below 0.5, and tests of accuracy with the 23 pesticides at three concentration levels demonstrating recoveries ranging from 74 to 114% and RSDs from 3.3 to 12.7%.

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In this study, two Lactuca sativa crops grown in a net-protected site and an unprotected site were compared. The results showed metals were accumulated by Lactuca sativa. Higher metal accumulation in lettuce grown in the unprotected parcel was established, and the only significant differences in their physicochemical properties were cation exchange capacity and exposure to sunlight. Exposure to the sun may translate into higher soil-plant flux of water and/or higher decomposition rate of organic matter, which may augment the mobilization of metals into the plant, and therefore lead to higher noxious metal accumulation on the crops. Also, EDTA was explored as a possible extractant that could predict the bioavailablity of metals to the lettuce. Our results did not show a good agreement between the metal transferred from soil to leaves and the EDTA extracted metals, although some tendencies were found for the metal transfer from soil to roots. It is predicted that many developing countries will continue and/or increase the use of waste water for the irrigation of crops despite the health risks. Different solutions have been explored to diminish the availability of the metals in the soils. Our study shows that an action as simple as placing a net over the parcel could help diminish the accumulation of metals into the crops of a rapidly expanding peri-urban agricultural system.

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El propósito de este artículo es mostrar una alternativa más dentro de las que en la actualidad existen para restaurar la zona anterior, mediante el uso de coronas de acero cromo con un frente estético ceramizado mediante Art-glass®. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de sexo masculino de 1 año y 10 meses de edad, el cual presenta caries por alimentación infantil, con destrucción coronal de los cuatro incisivos temporales superiores. El plan de tratamiento consistió en el tratamiento pulpar mediante la realización de una pulpectomía para obturar el conducto con Vitapex®, dos pulpotomías y la restauración de los cuatro dientes anteriores mediante la colocación de coronas de acero cromo con Art-glass®. Estas coronas son una excelente opción para una restauración estética, debido a que se cuenta con una gran gama de colores, es de fácil fabricación y al ser una técnica indirecta, nos permite dejar un espacio libre de cerómero para lograr un buen ajuste coronal.

The aim of this article is to present an additional alternative to restore the anterior zone, using crowns of steel chromium with a ceromer aesthetic front by means of Art-glass®. It is presented a clinical report of a masculine patient of 1 year 10 months of age, with early childhood dental caries, with coronal destruction of the four deciduous superior incisors. The treatment planning consisted of pulpar treatment with pulpectomy and endodontic obturation with Vitapex®, two pulpotomies and the restoration of these with steel chromium crowns with Art-glass®. These crowns are an excellent option for an aesthetic restoration, because of its great variety of colors, its easy manufacture, and being an indirect technique allows leaving a free space of ceromer to obtain a good coronal adjustment.

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This study evaluated the spatial and temporal distribution of metals in the coral reef system Cayos Arcas and Triangulos in the Campeche Bank region, off the Yucatan peninsula in Mexico. No information has been generated before for the incorporation of natural and non-natural occurring metals, some of which are possibly endowed by the oil marine station Cayo Arcas. The multivariate exploratory study of the metals on the coral skeletons, showed the formation of two distinct groups. The metals that have the highest influence on the differentiation of the groups are the metals that are natural constituents of the coral skeletons, in particular Sr can explain much of the differences between the groups, and to a much lesser extent are the metals that could be indicators of pollution. This differentiation suggests that, in our case, the environment around the corals has a higher impact than the non-naturally occurring metals (and possible indicators of pollution). The two groups formed corresponded to: the coral cores influenced by open sea variables and the coral cores in the inner part of the keys which is less exposed to open sea variables. A chronological study was made to two samples that had the longest coral section and were situated in two clearly distinctive zones: an exposed surface subjected to high wave forces and another that was less exposed. Ni and Zn show an accumulation trend in both coral samples, while Ba showed an increase in incorporation around 1980 when the Cayo Arcas oil marine station was constructed.

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Introducción: La dentinogénesis imperfecta (DI) es una alteración hereditaria que se origina en la etapa de histodiferenciación durante la odontogénesis. Constituye una forma de displasia mesodérmica localizada, cuya característica especial es una alteración específica de las proteínas de la dentina. Se clasifica en detinogénesis imperfecta (DI) tipo I (relacionada con la osteogénesis imperfecta) DI tipo II (no relacionada con OI) y DI tipo III (de Brandynwine). Objetivo: Determinar el tipo de dentinogénesis, la tendencia familiar y las características clínicas de un paciente de tres años que acudió a la consulta por hipersensibilidad de la dentina y molestia durante la masticación para establecer un diagnóstico temprano y el patrón hereditario. Presentación del caso: Paciente masculino en el que se observa una alteración de estructura y color de los órganos dentales presentes, abscesos, atrición y pérdida de la dimensión vertical; radiográficamente se identifican obliteración pulpar, marcada constricción cervical y raíces cortas. Después de los análisis clínico y radiográfico, historia familiar e interconsulta con Genética se descartó Osteogénesis Imperfecta y se estableció el diagnóstico de dentinogénesis imperfecta tipo II, de carácter autosómico dominante, sin predilección de sexo. Tratamiento: se realizaron las extracciones necesarias, los dientes remanentes afectados se restauraron con coronas de acero cromo, se colocaron mantenedores de espacio y prótesis parciales removibles. Conclusión: Debido a que en los pacientes con DI, la primera dentición se ve más afectada, es de suma importancia realizar un diagnóstico temprano para iniciar cuanto antes un tratamiento adecuado. En este tipo de pacientes es imprescindible llevar a cabo interconsulta con Genética para descartar su asociación con otras entidades.

Introduction: Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is an inherited dental diasease in which dental crowns are affected. DI originates by defects on the histo-differenciation stage of odontogenesis, constituting a localized mesodermal dysplasia characterized by an expressed alteration of dentin proteins. There are three types of dentinogenesis imperfecta: Type I (associated with osteogenesis imperfecta OI), type II (no associated with OI), and type III (Brandywine’s). Objectives: To determine the type of dentinogenesis imprefecta, the family history and clinical characteristics of a patient within extensive coronal destruction, to establish a precise diagnosis and a treatment to recover masticatory function. Case Report: A 3-year-old male child was referred to the clinic with dental hypersensitivity and pain during mastication. He presented generalized and extensive crown destructions and discoloration of erupted teeth, abscesses, attrition and loss of vertical dimension. Radiographs showed obliterated pulp chambers, marked cervical constriction and short roots. After clinical and radiographic analysis, family history and consultation with a Geneticist, a relation with OI was not established. In contrast, a diagnosis of dentinogenesis imperfecta type II was confirmed. DE type II is an autosomyc dominant trait, without gender predilection. Restorative treatment involved stainless steel crowns, required extractions, space maintainers and removable partial dentures placement. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and treatment of DI is recommended because the severe destruction of primary dentition that may affect child chewing and nutrition. Consultation wit a Geneticist in DI cases is reccomended to discard any association with OI or other genetic syndromes.

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INTRODUCTION: Preliminary in vitro cytoxicity evaluations are determined in human tumor cell lines as a bioassay for the screening of potentially anticancer natural products. OBJECTIVE: To strengthen the available in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation models, the panel of cell lines was expanded, and the sensitivity profile of each cell line was evaluated for its response to selected antineoplasic drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HeLa, MKN-45 and U-937 cell lines were added to the panel, and the sensitivity was determined for each of seven cell lines: HEp-2, HT-29, MCF-7, SiHa, MKN-45, HeLa and U-937. The effects of the antineoplasic drugs Doxorubicin HCl, Taxol, Cisplatin, Cyclophosphamide and Carmustin were examined, using the methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) reduction assay. RESULTS: A differential sensitivity to the drugs Doxorubicin HCl, Taxol and Cisplatin was established among the cell lines by comparing the lethal concentration 50 (LC50) values. HEp-2 was the most sensitive cell line, whereas HeLa and U-937 were the most resistant. HEp-2 exhibited a biphasic response to Taxol treatment; this was related to the reported mechanism of action of this compound. CONCLUSION: Cyclophosphamide and Carmustin did not show activity under test conditions.

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