RESUMO
We report a case of chronic lobomycosis, contracted by a rural resident of the westernmost Brazilian state, Acre, and substantiate that western Amazonia is now an endemic area for Loboa loboi. No changes in lesion morphology resulted from a prolonged course of oral therapy with ketoconazole administered in an attempt to prevent the progressive and destructive extension of the disease.
Assuntos
Dermatomicoses/tratamento farmacológico , Cetoconazol/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Brasil , Dermatomicoses/microbiologia , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
HLA typing was performed in 1978, using antisera recognizing specificities defined by the Seventh Workshop, on lymphocytes separated and frozen in the field during a 1976 expedition among Amazonian Ticuna Indians. Family segregation of HLA antigens was used to ascertain haplotypes of a sample of essentially unrelated reproductive-age adults. "Expaternal" haplotypes were also included in the total of 81 haplotypes used for calculating the A and B locus gene frequencies. Common A and B locus antigens among the Ticuna were Aw24, Aw31, A2, Bw39, B40, Bw35, and B15.1. Bw53 were also present. No A or B locus "blanks" were found. A slight degree of European admixture was apparent. Bw16-reactive cells from certain persons consistently failed to react with Oxford antisera capable of recognizing the Bw38 or Bw39 subspecificities. Cw1 and Cw3 were found in association with typical South American Indian haplotypes. The results of HLA typing of a large extended family with multiple cases of leprosy are depicted and compared to recently reported family studied of leprosy.
Assuntos
Antígenos HLA , Hanseníase/imunologia , Brasil , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Epitopos , Feminino , Haploidia , Teste de Histocompatibilidade , Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Masculino , LinhagemRESUMO
The prevalences of intestinal parasites among the residents of three South American Indian villages in the process of acculturation were compared with those found in earlier unpublished surveys in two newly contracted village.s Although one individual in an acculturating village harbored 11 different intestinal parasites, in general the average number of different parasitic species carried per person was somewhat higher in the newly contacted villages. Helminth egg counts, performed on direct smears of each specimen from one newly contacted village, were low. There were no sex-associated differences in prevalences. The overall prevalences, unadjusted for age, were among the highest recorded for Amerindians. No Taenia species were present. Balantidium coli was present in two acculturating villages, concomitant with the beginning of agricultural practices which include raising swine. No cases of moderate or severe protein-calorie malnutrition was observed in any of the villages during the surveys. These limited data provide a baseline for future comparisons and, perhaps, a glimpse into the past.
Assuntos
Aculturação , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Enteropatias Parasitárias/parasitologia , América do Sul , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Microfilariae of Mansonella ozzardi, concentrated from human blood, frozen with a cryoprotectant chemical, and stored at liquid or vapor-phase liquid nitrogen temperatures were motile when thawed after 2.5 years of preservation.
Assuntos
Filariose/parasitologia , Congelamento , Mansonella/patogenicidade , Mansonelose/parasitologia , Brasil , Humanos , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Mansonelose/epidemiologia , Microfilárias/patogenicidadeRESUMO
The prevalence of microfilaremia among Indians in 13 Amazon Indian villages was determined by examining Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears and preparations from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. Mansonella ozzardi was the only species found in the 601 persons tested. Prevalence was highly village-specific, ranging from 0% in four villages to as high as 93% among persons aged 10 years and older in others. Comparisons of the two methods showed that the concentration effect of the peripheral blood lymphocyte culture preparations allowed the detection of a greater number of microfilaria-positive persons, especially women and children with lower levels of parasitemia.
Assuntos
Filariose/epidemiologia , Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Mansonelose/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mansonella , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Pyoderma was studied among a representative sample of the residents of four remote Amerindian villages, Amazonas State, Brazil, during July-August 1976. The overall prevalence among the 775 inhabitants examined was 11%, with little intervillage variation. When the attack rates for the entire sample population were calculated by 5-year age intervals, the 0- to 4-year-olds had the highest rate, 31%. The highest prevalence, 38%, was found among 3-year-olds. Attack rates were not apparently related to sex. Cultures which were taken from representative pyoderma lesions from people in the four survey villages and from three additional villages were studied by a modified delayed culture technique for recovery of gram-positive pathogens from silica-gel desiccated swabs. Group A and group G B-hemolytic streptococci, coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus, and Corynebacterium diphtheriae were isolated. Group A S. pyogenes was most commonly found, occasionally as the sole pathogenic species. No nephritogenic M-types were found, although most isolates were not M-typable. The T-types found corresponded to those previously reported as being pyoderma-associated. Most pyoderma-associated C. diphtheriae isolates were non-toxigenic. Biotypes gravis and mitis were equally represented.
Assuntos
Indígenas Sul-Americanos , Pioderma/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Brasil , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Corynebacterium diphtheriae/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Impetigo/epidemiologia , Lactente , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pioderma/microbiologia , Sorotipagem , Pele/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from pyoderma and ulcerative skin lesions with a modified delayed culture procedure as late as 9 weeks after field collection of silica gel-desiccated swabs. Biotypes gravis and mitis were identified. Most isolates were nontoxigenic. Todd-Hewitt broth enrichment enhanced recovery of C. diphtheriae by 70%.