RESUMO

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de hemofilia clássica canina. Um cão da raça Dachshund, macho, de um ano de idade, foi atendido em hospital veterinário de ensino devido a uma intensa epistaxe há mais de um dia. O paciente apresentava membranas mucosas pálidas, hematomas no pescoço, apatia e condição corporal magra. Devido à anemia grave o cão recebeu transfusão de sangue total fresco compatível e, durante o procedimento, a hemorragia cessou. Após recuperação clínica (cerca de 20 dias), o paciente foi encaminhado para orquiectomia e um dia após a cirurgia retornou ao hospital apresentando anemia grave, hemorragia escrotal intensa e hematomas abdominais. A hemorragia foi interrompida após outra transfusão de sangue total fresco compatível. A avaliação da hemostasia identificou tempo de sangramento da mucosa bucal, tempo de protrombina e concentração do antígeno do fator de von Willebrand dentro dos valores de referência. No entanto, um prolongamento do TTPA (39 segundos) e uma redução na atividade coagulante do fator VIII (1%) foram identificados. Com estes resultados, o paciente foi diagnosticado com hemofilia A severa. Atualmente o paciente é mantido com boa qualidade de vida e os episódios hemorrágicos são controlados com sangue total fresco compatível (quando há necessidade de hemácias), plasma fresco congelado ou crioprecipitado.

RESUMO

The aims of this study were to determine the occurrence ofAnaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canisinfection in dogs in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil; and to investigate their association with hematological abnormalities. Serum samples from 196 dogs were first tested using dot-ELISA for antibodies against Anaplasmaspp. and Ehrlichia canis. Peripheral blood samples from 199 dogs were subjected to 16S rRNA nested PCR (nPCR) for A. platysand E. canis, followed by DNA sequencing to ensure pathogen identity. A total of 19/196 samples (9.69%) were positive forAnaplasma spp. using ELISA and 28/199 (14.07%) samples were positive for A. platys by nested PCR. All the dog samples were negative for E. canis, both in anti-E. canisantibody tests and in nested PCR. There were no significant differences in hematological parameters between A. platys-PCR positive and negative dogs and Anaplasma spp. serologically positive dogs, except for basophil counts, which were higher in nPCR-positive dogs. This is the first report showing A. platys presence in dogs in Southern Brazil. In conclusion, hematological parameters may not be sufficient to diagnose A. platys infection in dogs in Southern Brazil, probably due either to low pathogenicity or to chronic infection. On the other hand, E. canis may either have very low occurrence or be absent in dogs in Porto Alegre.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ocorrência deAnaplasma platys e Ehrlichia canis em cães de Porto Alegre, sul do Brasil, sua detecção molecular e associação com anormalidades hematológicas. Amostras séricas de 196 cães foram inicialmente triadas por dot-ELISA para a presença de anticorpos contraAnaplasma spp. e Ehrlichia canis. Amostras de sangue periférico de 199 cães foram submetidas à nested PCR (16S rRNA) paraA. platys e E. canis, seguido de sequenciamento do DNA para confirmar a identidade do agente. Do total, 19/196 (9,69%) amostras foram positivas para Anaplasma spp. por dot-ELISA e 28/199 (14,07%) por nPCR. Todas as amostras dos cães foram negativas para E. canis no teste sorológico anti-E. canis e também na nPCR. Não houve diferença significativa nos parâmetros hematológicos, exceto a contagem de basófilos, que apresentou valores mais altos em cães positivos na nPCR para A. platys. Este é o primeiro relato da presença de A. platys no Rio Grande do Sul, e a primeira detecção molecular do agente no sul do Brasil. Em conclusão, parâmetros hematológicos não são suficientes para diagnosticar a infecção porA. platys em cães, provavelmente devido sua baixa patogenicidade ou infecção crônica. Por outro lado, E. canisparece ter ocorrência baixa ou mesmo nula em cães de Porto Alegre.

RESUMO

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar um caso de hemofilia clássica canina. Um cão da raça Dachshund, macho, de um ano de idade, foi atendido em hospital veterinário de ensino devido a uma intensa epistaxe há mais de um dia. O paciente apresentava membranas mucosas pálidas, hematomas no pescoço, apatia e condição corporal magra. Devido à anemia grave o cão recebeu transfusão de sangue total fresco compatível e, durante o procedimento, a hemorragia cessou. Após recuperação clínica (cerca de 20 dias), o paciente foi encaminhado para orquiectomia e um dia após a cirurgia retornou ao hospital apresentando anemia grave, hemorragia escrotal intensa e hematomas abdominais. A hemorragia foi interrompida após outra transfusão de sangue total fresco compatível. A avaliação da hemostasia identificou tempo de sangramento da mucosa bucal, tempo de protrombina e concentração do antígeno do fator de von Willebrand dentro dos valores de referência. No entanto, um prolongamento do TTPA (39 segundos) e uma redução na atividade coagulante do fator VIII (1%) foram identificados. Com estes resultados, o paciente foi diagnosticado com hemofilia A severa. Atualmente o paciente é mantido com boa qualidade de vida e os episódios hemorrágicos são controlados com sangue total fresco compatível (quando há necessidade de hemácias), plasma fresco congelado ou crioprecipitado.

RESUMO

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Rodents play an important role as maintenance hosts, but dogs can be signifi cant reservoirs for human infection in tropical areas as well as the source of disease outbreaks. Manifestations of disease in dogs vary from asymptomatic carriers to severe clinical signs and death. This study compared leptospiral exposure in dogs suspected to have leptospirosis and presented at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), dogs from a Control Center of Zoonoses (CCZ) and dogs from a neighborhood with a high prevalence of human leptospirosis. Also, clinical signs, laboratory abnormalities and environmental risk factors associated with the infection were investigated at a population level and in a case-by-case approach.Materials, Methods & Results: Between May 2007 and February 2009, 253 dogs from Porto Alegre, Brazil, were enrolled in the study. Three populations were evaluated including dogs from and endemic area to human leptospirosis, dogs from a CCZ and dogs presented to a VTH. All dogs owners from the endemic area and from the VTH answered a questionnaire including dogs information such as breed, age, vaccination status, environment, contact with other domestic animals, presence of rodents in the household, clinical signs, medications and if owners had leptospirosis diagnosed in the pr

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Rodents play an important role as maintenance hosts, but dogs can be signifi cant reservoirs for human infection in tropical areas as well as the source of disease outbreaks. Manifestations of disease in dogs vary from asymptomatic carriers to severe clinical signs and death. This study compared leptospiral exposure in dogs suspected to have leptospirosis and presented at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), dogs from a Control Center of Zoonoses (CCZ) and dogs from a neighborhood with a high prevalence of human leptospirosis. Also, clinical signs, laboratory abnormalities and environmental risk factors associated with the infection were investigated at a population level and in a case-by-case approach.Materials, Methods & Results: Between May 2007 and February 2009, 253 dogs from Porto Alegre, Brazil, were enrolled in the study. Three populations were evaluated including dogs from and endemic area to human leptospirosis, dogs from a CCZ and dogs presented to a VTH. All dogs owners from the endemic area and from the VTH answered a questionnaire including dogs information such as breed, age, vaccination status, environment, contact with other domestic animals, presence of rodents in the household, clinical signs, medications and if owners had leptospirosis diagnosed in the pr

RESUMO

Introdução: A peritonite consiste em inflamação do peritônio, com classificação variável em relação à origem, ao grau de contaminação e à extensão (localizada ou difusa). A perda da integridade da parede intestinal corresponde à maioria dos casos de peritonite bacteriana nos cães e gatos. Geralmente, a apresentação é aguda em casos de peritonite séptica e crônica na peritonite não séptica. No caso de peritonite séptica, os sinais clínicos constam de desconforto abdominal, letargia, anorexia, perda de peso, vômito, diarréia, distensão abdominal, icterícia variável e colapso. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de peritonite séptica secundária à enterotomia em felino.Caso: Um felino, fêmea, castrado, de aproximadamente um ano de idade, foi atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS), com histórico de ter sido submetida à enterotomia em outro estabelecimento veterinário, devido à formação de fecaloma, uma semana prévia à consulta ao HCV-UFRGS. Os proprietários relataram que alguns dias após o procedimento o animal apresentou-se prostrado, anoréxico e constipado. No exame físico, apresentou dor aguda à palpação abdominal, além de abdômen distendido, dispnéia, mucosas hipocoradas, desidratação e temperatura retal de 39,4C. Os exames de sangue revelaram anemia leve (23%) normocrômica normocítica, leucopenia, hipoprot

RESUMO

Introdução: A peritonite consiste em inflamação do peritônio, com classificação variável em relação à origem, ao grau de contaminação e à extensão (localizada ou difusa). A perda da integridade da parede intestinal corresponde à maioria dos casos de peritonite bacteriana nos cães e gatos. Geralmente, a apresentação é aguda em casos de peritonite séptica e crônica na peritonite não séptica. No caso de peritonite séptica, os sinais clínicos constam de desconforto abdominal, letargia, anorexia, perda de peso, vômito, diarréia, distensão abdominal, icterícia variável e colapso. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de peritonite séptica secundária à enterotomia em felino.Caso: Um felino, fêmea, castrado, de aproximadamente um ano de idade, foi atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCV-UFRGS), com histórico de ter sido submetida à enterotomia em outro estabelecimento veterinário, devido à formação de fecaloma, uma semana prévia à consulta ao HCV-UFRGS. Os proprietários relataram que alguns dias após o procedimento o animal apresentou-se prostrado, anoréxico e constipado. No exame físico, apresentou dor aguda à palpação abdominal, além de abdômen distendido, dispnéia, mucosas hipocoradas, desidratação e temperatura retal de 39,4C. Os exames de sangue revelaram anemia leve (23%) normocrômica normocítica, leucopenia, hipoprot

RESUMO

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Rodents play an important role as maintenance hosts, but dogs can be signifi cant reservoirs for human infection in tropical areas as well as the source of disease outbreaks. Manifestations of disease in dogs vary from asymptomatic carriers to severe clinical signs and death. This study compared leptospiral exposure in dogs suspected to have leptospirosis and presented at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), dogs from a Control Center of Zoonoses (CCZ) and dogs from a neighborhood with a high prevalence of human leptospirosis. Also, clinical signs, laboratory abnormalities and environmental risk factors associated with the infection were investigated at a population level and in a case-by-case approach.Materials, Methods & Results: Between May 2007 and February 2009, 253 dogs from Porto Alegre, Brazil, were enrolled in the study. Three populations were evaluated including dogs from and endemic area to human leptospirosis, dogs from a CCZ and dogs presented to a VTH. All dogs owners from the endemic area and from the VTH answered a questionnaire including dogs information such as breed, age, vaccination status, environment, contact with other domestic animals, presence of rodents in the household, clinical signs, medications and if owners had leptospirosis diagnosed in the pr

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira. Rodents play an important role as maintenance hosts, but dogs can be signifi cant reservoirs for human infection in tropical areas as well as the source of disease outbreaks. Manifestations of disease in dogs vary from asymptomatic carriers to severe clinical signs and death. This study compared leptospiral exposure in dogs suspected to have leptospirosis and presented at a Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH), dogs from a Control Center of Zoonoses (CCZ) and dogs from a neighborhood with a high prevalence of human leptospirosis. Also, clinical signs, laboratory abnormalities and environmental risk factors associated with the infection were investigated at a population level and in a case-by-case approach.Materials, Methods & Results: Between May 2007 and February 2009, 253 dogs from Porto Alegre, Brazil, were enrolled in the study. Three populations were evaluated including dogs from and endemic area to human leptospirosis, dogs from a CCZ and dogs presented to a VTH. All dogs owners from the endemic area and from the VTH answered a questionnaire including dogs information such as breed, age, vaccination status, environment, contact with other domestic animals, presence of rodents in the household, clinical signs, medications and if owners had leptospirosis diagnosed in the pr

RESUMO

Background:  : : Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by pathogenic strains of Leptospira, which may affect human beings and a wide range of both domestic and wild animals. The disease in dogs is still a challenge for clinicians, since definitive diagnosis may be reached only few days after overt clinical signs. Besides that, dogs with leptospiruria have zoonotic risk, making development of rapid screening tests crucial for early diagnosis of disease. C-reactive protein is a positive acute phase protein, a nd in the dog a strong and fast response is expected after any tissue injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum and urinary C-reactive protein as potential early indicators of leptospirosis in dogs, and its association with clinical serum biochemistry, complete blood count (CBC) and clinical outcome. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 62 dogs with risk factors and/or clinical signs of leptospirosis were prospectively obtained and included in this study. Definitive diagnosis was based on serology, using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 13 serovars, and on a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in blood or urine, using the primers sets G1/G2 and B64I/B64II, which amplify DNA of pathogenic leptospires. Clinical serum biochemistry included creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and albumin.

RESUMO

Background:  : : Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by pathogenic strains of Leptospira, which may affect human beings and a wide range of both domestic and wild animals. The disease in dogs is still a challenge for clinicians, since definitive diagnosis may be reached only few days after overt clinical signs. Besides that, dogs with leptospiruria have zoonotic risk, making development of rapid screening tests crucial for early diagnosis of disease. C-reactive protein is a positive acute phase protein, a nd in the dog a strong and fast response is expected after any tissue injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum and urinary C-reactive protein as potential early indicators of leptospirosis in dogs, and its association with clinical serum biochemistry, complete blood count (CBC) and clinical outcome. Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 62 dogs with risk factors and/or clinical signs of leptospirosis were prospectively obtained and included in this study. Definitive diagnosis was based on serology, using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) against 13 serovars, and on a specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in blood or urine, using the primers sets G1/G2 and B64I/B64II, which amplify DNA of pathogenic leptospires. Clinical serum biochemistry included creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase and albumin.